Teleskopik arkus aorta : Marfan sendromunda yeni bir antite

Teleskopik arkus aorta, Marfan sendromunda aortik diseksiyon sonu- cu oluşabilen ve daha önceden rapor edilmemiş bir antitedir. Burada bir adli otopside tespit edilen ve kronik aort diseksiyonuna ikincil ilk teleskopik arkus aorta olgusu bildirilmiştir. 20 yaşında bir erkekte as- sendan aorta rüptüründen kaynaklanan kalp tamponadı sonucu ani ölüm olgusu sunulmuştur. Otopside, serbest ve pıhtılı kandan oluşan 800 cc’lik bir hemoperikardium olduğu dikkati çekmiştir. Assendan torasik aortanın dilate olduğu ve ön duvar mediailinde 1,2 cm’lik tam kat duvar rüptürü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aort muayenesinde, arkus aorta içerisinde bir tüp gibi yerleşmiş ikinci bir arkus aorta olduğu dikkati çekmiştir. İçteki bu ikinci arkın aort kapaklarının 2,5 cm üzeri- nden başladığı ve desseden aorta başlangıcında sonlandığı; ayrıca 10 cm uzunluğunda ve 2 cm çapında olup trunkus brakiosefalikus, sol karotis kommonis ve sol subklavian arterle ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.Telescopic aortic arch is a consequence of aortic dissection in Marfan’s syndrome, which has not been reported previously. This paper pres- ents the first case of telescopic aortic arch secondary to chronic aortic dissection, as an incidental finding of a forensic autopsy. Here we present a sudden death of a 20 years old male due to cardiac tampon- ade sourcing from the rupture of ascending aorta. At autopsy, there was a haemopericardium of 800 cc, which comprised blood and clot. The ascending thoracic aorta was dilated and a 1.2 cm ragged linear complete rupture was noticed on the medial side of the front wall of ascending aorta. Examination of aorta showed a second/inner aortic arch just as a tube lying inside the aortic arch. The inner aortic arch was arrised 2.5 cm above aortic valves and lasted at the beginning of the descending aorta. It was 10 cm in length with a lumen 2 cm in diameter and was associated with truncus brachiosephalicus, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries

Protective Effects of Curcumin on Cadmium-Induced Renal Injury in Young and Aged Rats

Objective: We aimed to investigate the protective effects of curcumin (Cr) against cadmium (Cd) toxicity on the kidneys of both young and aged rats

Protective Effects of Curcumin on Cadmium-Induced Renal Injury in Young and Aged Rats

Objective: We aimed to investigate the protective effects of curcumin (Cr) against cadmium (Cd) toxicity on the kidneys of both young and aged rats

Protective effects of omega-3 essential fatty acids against formaldehyde-induced cerebellar damage in rats

This study aimed to investigate changes in the cerebellum of formaldehyde-exposed rats and the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on these changes. The study involved 21 male Wistar-Albino rats which were divided into three groups. The rats in Group I comprised the control group. The rats in Group II were injected with intraperitoneal 10% formaldehyde every other day. The rats in Group III received omega-3 fatty acids daily while exposed to formaldehyde. At the end of the 14-day experimental period, all rats were killed by decapitation and the cerebellum removed. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), xanthine oxidase (XO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in cerebellum specimens by using spectrophotometric methods. In our study, levels of SOD and CAT were significantly decreased, and GSH-Px, XO, MDA levels were significantly increased in rats treated with formaldehyde compared with those of the controls. Whereas, it was seen that there was an increase in SOD and CAT enzyme activities and decrease in MDA, XO, and GSH-Px levels in rats administered to omega-3 fatty acids with exposure of formaldehyde. It was determined that exposure of formaldehyde increased free radicals in cerebellum of rats and this increase was prevented by administration of omega-3 fatty acids

Salt and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition-Induced Hypertension: Kidney Dysfunction and Brain Anti-Oxidant Capacity

The specific aim of this study was to examine the effects of salt-loading on kidney function and brain antioxidant capacity. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control rats were given normal drinking water and no drug treatment for 2 weeks. LNNA group: rats were given normal drinking water and the nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), 3 mg/kg/day. LNNA + Salt group: rats were given drinking water containing salt 2% and 3 mg/kg L-NNA. Salt group: rats were given drinking water containing salt 2% and no drug treatment. Basal blood pressure and the levels of serum BUN, creatinine, uric acid, cortisol, electrolyte, serum antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress were measured. NO, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels were measured in the hypothalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum. Salt overload increased the blood pressure of the LNNA + Salt group. Salt-loading enhanced BUN, creatinine, sodium retention. High salt produced an increase in uric acid levels and a decrease in cortisol levels in serum. Additionally, the oxidative stress index in serum increased in the LNNA + Salt group. Salt-loading enhanced brain NO levels, but not SOD and CAT activity. L-NNA increased brain SOD activity, but not CAT and NO levels. In conclusion, salt-loading causes hypertension, kidney dysfunction, and enhances oxidative stress in salt-sensitive rats

The distrubition and frequency of fracture cases in patients presented to emergency Department of Mustafa Kemal University Tayfur Ata Sökmen Medical Faculty

Bu çalışmada 2007 Ekim - 2008 Ekim tarihleri arasında Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tayfur Ata Sökmen Tıp Fakültesi Acil servise başvuran kemik kırığı vakaları incelendi. Kırığın anatomik lokalizasyonu, kırık tipi, yaş gruplarına göre dağılımı ve kırığa yol açan etkenler araştırıldı. Ayrıca darp, aile içi şiddet, kırığa eşlik eden osteoporoz gibi hastalıkların olup olmadığı incelendi. Kırık vakalarının kadınlara (% 38.7) göre erkeklerde daha yüksek (% 61.3) olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca kırıklar erişkinlerde % 63 oranında tespit edildi, bu oran çocukluk çağı kemik kırıklarında daha düşük (% 37) seviyede idi. Çocuklarda üst ekstremite kırıkları daha sık görülürken, erişkinlerde alt ekstremite kemik kırıkları daha yüksek oranda tespit edildi. Çocuklarda en fazla kırılan kemik radius, onu humerus ve ulna takip ederken, erişkinlerde en fazla kırılan kemik femur idi. Kırık sebepleri arasında yüksekten düşme, trafik kazaları ve spor yaralanmaları ön sıralarda yer alıyordu. Kemik kırıklarının belirlenmesine yönelik yapılan bu çalışmada, elde edilen sonuçların insanların maruz kaldığı travmaların azaltılması ve/veya önlenmesine yönelik çalışmalarda önemli katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.In the present study, bone fracture cases that were presented to the Emergency Department of Mustafa Kemal University Tayfur Ata Sökmen Medical Faculty between October 2007 and October 2008 were examined. Anatomical localization and the type of the fractures, and their distribution among age groups and etiological factors were investigated. Besides, additional risk factors like trauma, violence witin the family, and accompanying disease were also asked. Fracture rates were higher in males (61.3 %) than females (38.7 %). Fracture rate in adults was % 63, whereas it was 37 % in children. Upper extremity fractures were common in children but lower extremity fractures were seen more frequently in adults. Most injured bones were radius, humerus and ulna in children and femur in adults. Fall from height, traffic accidents and sports injury was leading causes of fractures. We hope that the information obtained in the present study will contribute the studies concerning trauma prevention

The histological evaluation of the testes of rats which applied formaldehyde and lavender oil

Amaç: Çalışmamızda, solunum yolu ile uygulanan formaldehit’in sıçan testislerinde yaptığı hasar histolojik olarak araştırıldı. Aynı zamanda, bu hasarlara karşı aromaterapi uygulamalarında sık kullanılan lavanta yağının muhtemel koruyucu etkileri de incelendi. Gereç-Yöntem: Bu amaçla, 21 adet Wistar-Albino cinsi erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Grup I’deki sıçanlar kontrol olarak kullanılırken, Grup II’deki sıçanlar, 35 gün boyunca solunum yoluyla formaldehit’e (10 ppm/1saat) maruz bırakıldı. Grup III’deki sıçanlara ise formaldehit uygulamasının yanı sıra saf lavanta yağı (1ml/1saat) yine solunum yoluyla verildi. Uygulama sonunda hayvanlar sakrifiye edildi ve histolojik incelemeler için testisler çıkarıldı. Çalışmada, tubuli seminiferi contorti çapları, Leydig hücre sayıları ve çekirdek hasarlı Leydig hücreleri incelendi. Bulgular: Formaldehit’e maruz kalan sıçanlar kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, tubül çapları ve Leydig hücre sayılarında azalma, çekirdek hasarlı Leydig hücrelerinde ise artma tespit edildi. Ayrıca tubül duvarlarında atrofik değişiklikler gözlendi. Formaldehit maruziyetiyle birlikte lavanta yağı uygulanan grupta ise, formaldehit maruziyetine bağlı olarak testiste gelişen histolojik değişikliklerin düzelmiş olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Solunum yolu ile formaldehit maruziyetine bağlı olarak testiste önemli histolojik hasarların meydana geldiği ve bu hasarlara karşı lavanta yağının koruyucu özellik gösterdiği tespit edildi.Aim: In our study, harmful effects of formaldehyde (FA) inhalation on the testes were investigated histologically. In addition, the possible protective effects of lavender oil which often used in aromatherapy, were examined against these damages. Material-Methods: For this purpose, 21 albino-Wistar rats were used. The rats of group I was used as control group. The rats of group II were exposed FA (10 ppm/ 1hour) for 35 days. The rats of group III inhaleted lavender oil (1ml/1 hour) with FA. At the end of the experiment, all rats were sacrified and testes were removed for histological examination. In this examination, the diameters of seminiferous tubul, Leydig cells and Leydig cells with damaged nucleus were determined. Results: When the rats were exposed to formaldehyde compared with the control group, it was determined that the diameter of tubuls and number of Leydig cells were decreased and Leydig cells with damaged nucleus were increased. And also it was seen that there were atrophic changes in the tubuls. In the group in which the lavender oil was applied with formaldehyde exposure it was determined that the histological changes of testes occured via FA exposure were improved. Conclusion: It was shown that harmful effects of FA on testes occured via formaldehyde exposure and lavender oil have protective effects to the these damages

Investigation of serum enzyme activities and oxidative stress markers in preeclampsia: a multiparameter analysis

Preeclampsia, a high cause of fetomaternal morbidity-mortality, remains a significant burden affecting 8% of all pregnancies. Environmental conditions induce disease development leading to endothelial dysfunction in genetically predisposed women. Our aim is to discuss oxidative stress as a well-established contributing factor to disease progression with being the first study to show new evidence about serum dehydrogenase enzyme levels (isocitrate, malate, glutamate dehydrogenase) with oxidative markers (myeloperoxidase, total antioxidant-oxidant status, oxidative stress index). Serum parameters were analyzed with photometric method (Abbott ARCHITECT c8000). The enzyme levels and oxidative markers were significantly higher in patients, supporting the redox imbalance in preeclampsia. According to ROC analysis, malate dehydrogenase showed an outstanding diagnostic ability with the highest AUC value of 0.9 and the cut-off value of 51.2 IU/L. Discriminant analysis including malate, isocitrate and glutamate dehydrogenase had predicted preeclampsia with an overall 87.9% accuracy. Considering the above results, we propose that the enzyme levels increase with oxidative stress functioning as antioxidant defense factors. The unique finding of the study is that the serum levels of malate, isocitrate and glutamate dehydrogenase can be used both separately and combined in the early prediction of preeclampsia. As a novel approach, we also offer combining serum isocitrate and glutamate dehydrogenase levels with ALT, AST tests to state liver functions more reliably in patients. Still, larger sample-sized studies investigating enzyme expression levels are required to confirm the recent findings and to reveal underlying mechanisms