Waardevol - Indicatoren voor Valorisatie

Het rapport Waardevol – Indicatoren voor valorisatie biedt kennisinstellingen, wetenschapsfinanciers en kennisgebruikers een gemeenschappelijk kader voor valorisatie. De methode werkt met valorisatiekaarten waarmee betrokken organisaties systematisch kunnen monitoren hoe groot de valorisatie-inspanningen zijn, wat de opbrengsten zijn en welke mogelijkheden voor verbetering er zijn. Het gebruik van valorisatiekaarten zal helpen om het inzicht te vergroten in wat publieke kennisinstellingen, wetenschapsfinanciers en bedrijfsleven nu al doen aan valorisatie.

Low Motor Assessment: A Comparative Pilot Study with Young Children With and Without Motor Impairment

Most of the developmental instruments that measure cognitive development in children rely heavily on fine motor skills, especially for young children whose language skills are not yet well developed. This is problematic when evaluating the cognitive development of young children with motor impairment. The purpose of this study is to assess the need for a Low Motor adapation of a standardized instrument when testing children with motor impairment. To accomplish this, we have adapted the procedures, item instructions and play material of a widely used and standardized instrument, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-Second Edition (BSID-II, Bayley 1993). The Original and the Low Motor versions were administered to 20 children experiencing typical development and 19 children with motor impairment within a period of two weeks. Results showed that children with motor impairments scored significantly higher on the Low Motor version of the Bayley Mental Scale than on the Original version: a difference of between 5 and 10 points when the score is expressed in terms of a developmental index score. Results from children with typical development support the assumption that item content and difficulty remain unchanged in the Low Motor version

The impact of roughness elements on sediment fluxes in coastal dunes and dune valleys: solving the puzzle for Spanjaards Duin

In 2009 a new dune area called Spanjaards Duin was constructed in front of the Delfland Coast. Spanjaards Duin was created as a compensation measure for the expected increase in nitrogen deposition from the expansion of the Rotterdam harbour (Maasvlakte 2). The predefined compensation goal is to reach 6 ha of moist dune slack vegetation and 10 ha of dry grey dune in 2033. This is pursued by creating favourable abiotic conditions for natural vegetation establishment (van der Meulen et al., 2014). Sediment fluxes affect establishment and growth of vegetation and shape the dune landscape. Therefore, there is need to know how sediment fluxes behave in Spanjaards Duin

Children with language delay referred to Dutch speech and hearing centres: caseload characteristics

Background: Early detection and remediation of language disorders are important in helping children to establish appropriate communicative and social behaviour and acquire additional information about the world through the use of language. In the Netherlands, children with (a suspicion of) language disorders are referred to speech and hearing centres for multidisciplinary assessment. Reliable data are needed on the nature of language disorders, as well as the age and source of referral, and the effects of cultural and socioeconomic profiles of the population served in order to plan speech and language therapy service provision. Aims: To provide a detailed description of caseload characteristics of children referred with a possible language disorder by generating more understanding of factors that might influence early identification. Methods & Procedures: A database of 11,450 children was analysed consisting of data on children, aged 2–7 years (70% boys, 30% girls), visiting Dutch speech and hearing centres. The factors analysed were age of referral, ratio of boys to girls, mono- and bilingualism, nature of the language delay, and language profile of the children. Outcomes & Results: Results revealed an age bias in the referral of children with language disorders. On average, boys were referred 5 months earlier than girls, and monolingual children were referred 3 months earlier than bilingual children. In addition, bilingual children seemed to have more complex problems at referral than monolingual children. They more often had both a disorder in both receptive and expressive language, and a language disorder with additional (developmental) problems. Conclusions & Implications: This study revealed a bias in age of referral of young children with language disorders. The results implicate the need for objective language screening instruments and the need to increase the awareness of staff in primary child healthcare of red flags in language development of girls and multilingual children aiming at earlier identification of language disorders in these children. What this paper adds What is already known on the subject Identifying language disorders before children enter school can foster the initiation of early interventions before these problems interfere with formal education and behavioural adjustment. Information on caseload characteristics is important to plan speech and language therapy service provision. There are only a few studies on the caseload characteristics of children at first referral for language assessment. What this paper adds to existing knowle

Infant embodiment and interembodiment

This article brings together a range of research and scholarship from various disciplines which have investigated and theorised social and cultural aspects of infants’ bodies within the context of contemporary western societies. It begins with a theoretical overview of dominant concepts of infants’ bodies, including discussion of the concepts of the unfinished body, civility and the Self/Other binary opposition as well as that of interembodiment, drawn from the work of Merleau-Ponty. Then follows discussion of the pleasures and challenging aspects of interembodiment in relation to caregivers’ interactions with infants’ bodies, purity, danger and infant embodiment and lastly practices of surveilling the vulnerable, ‘at risk’ infant body

The Impact of Ethnicity and Country of Birth on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Phenotype:A Prospective Cohort Study

Background and Aims: The number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], of non-Caucasian descent in Western Europe, is increasing. We aimed to explore the impact of ethnicity and country of birth on IBD phenotype.Methods: IBD patients treated in the eight University Medical Centers in The Netherlands [Dutch IBD Biobank] were divided into two groups according to their ethnicity: 1] Caucasian patients of Western and Central European descent [CEU]; and 2] patients of non-Caucasian descent [non-CEU]. The non-CEU group was subdivided according to country of birth, into: born in The Netherlands or Western Europe [non-CEU European born]; or born outside Western-Europe who migrated to The Netherlands [non-CEU non-European born]. Both comparisons were analysed for phenotype differences [by chi-square test].Results: The Dutch IBD Biobank included 2921 CEU patients and 233 non-CEU patients. Non-CEU Crohn's disease [CD] patients more often had upper gastro-intestinal disease [16% vs 8%, p = 0.001] and anal stenosis [10% vs 4%, p = 0.002] than CEU CD patients. The use of anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] agents and immunomodulators was higher in non-CEU IBD patients than in CEU IBD patients [45% vs 38%, p = 0.042] and [77% vs 66%, p = 0.001], respectively. Non-CEU IBD patients born in Europe [n = 116] were diagnosed at a lower age than non-CEU IBD patients born outside Europe [n = 115] [at 22.7 vs 28.9 years old, p &lt;0.001].Conclusion: Non-Caucasians had more severe disease behaviour than Caucasians. Non-CEU patients born in Europe were diagnosed at a lower age with IBD than those born outside Europe who migrated to The Netherlands.</p

Increased orthogeriatrician involvement in hip fracture care and its impact on mortality in England

OBJECTIVE: to describe the increase in orthogeriatrician involvement in hip fracture care in England and its association with improvements in time to surgery and mortality. STUDY DESIGN: analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics for 196,401 patients presenting with hip fracture to 150 hospitals in England between 1 April 2010 and 28 February 2014, combined with data on orthogeriatrician hours from a national organisational survey. METHODS: we examined changes in the average number of hours worked by orthogeriatricians in orthopaedic departments per patient with hip fracture, and their potential effect on mortality within 30 days of presentation. The role of prompt surgery (on day of or day after presentation) was explored as a potential confounding factor. Associations were assessed using conditional Poisson regression models with adjustment for patients’ sex, age and comorbidity and year, with hospitals treated as fixed effects. RESULTS: between 2010 and 2013, there was an increase of 2.5 hours per patient in the median number of hours worked by orthogeriatricians—from 1.5 to 4.0 hours. An increase of 2.5 hours per patient was associated with a relative reduction in mortality of 3.4% (95% confidence interval 0.9% to 5.9%, P = 0.01). This corresponds to an absolute reduction of approximately 0.3%. Higher numbers of orthogeriatrician hours were associated with higher rates of prompt surgery, but were independently associated with lower mortality. CONCLUSION: in the context of initiatives to improve hip fracture care, we identified statistically significant and robust associations between increased orthogeriatrician hours per patient and reduced 30-day mortality

Genetic risk scores identify genetic aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes

Background and Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] phenotypes are very heterogeneous between patients, and current clinical and molecular classifications do not accurately predict the course that IBD will take over time. Genetic determinants of disease phenotypes remain largely unknown but could aid drug development and allow for personalised management. We used genetic risk scores [GRS] to disentangle the genetic contributions to IBD phenotypes.Methods: Clinical characteristics and imputed genome-wide genetic array data of patients with IBD were obtained from two independent cohorts [cohort A, n= 1097; cohort B, n= 2156]. Genetic risk scoring [GRS] was used to assess genetic aetiology shared across traits and IBD phenotypes. Significant GRS-phenotype (false-discovery rate [FDR] corrected p<0.05) associations identified in cohort A were put forward for replication in cohort B.Results: Crohn's disease [CD] GRS were associated with fibrostenotic CD [R-2= 7.4%, FDR = 0.02] and ileocaecal resection [R-2 = 4.1%, FDR = 1.6E-03], and this remained significant after correcting for previously identified clinical and genetic risk factors. Ulcerative colitis [UC] GRS [R-2 = 7.1%, FDR = 0.02] and primary sclerosing cholangitis [PSC] GRS [R-2 . 3.6%, FDR = 0.03] were associated with colonic CD, and these two associations were largely driven by genetic variation in MHC. We also observed pleiotropy between PSC genetic risk and smoking behaviour [R-2 = 1.7%, FDR = 0.04].Conclusions: Patients with a higher genetic burden of CD are more likely to develop fibrostenotic disease and undergo ileocaecal resection, whereas colonic CD shares genetic aetiology with PSC and UC that is largely driven by variation in MHC. These results further our understanding of specific IBD phenotypes.Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog