3 research outputs found
Essays on temporary migration
My thesis dissertation focuses on the temporariness of migration, its diverse effects as
well as on migration selection.
The first paper, A Dynamic Model of Return Migration analyzes the decision process
underlying return migration using a dynamic model. We explain how migrants
decide whether to stay or to go back to their home country together with their savings
and consumption decisions. We simulate our model with return intentions and perform
policy simulations.
The second paper, Remittances and Temporary Migration, studies the remittance
behaviour of immigrants and how it relates to temporary versus permanent migration
plans. We use a unique data source that provides unusual detail on the purpose of
remittances, savings, and return plans, and follows the same household over time. Our
results suggest that changes in return plans lead to large changes in remittance flows.
The third paper, Savings, Asset Holdings, and Temporary, analyzes how return
plans affect not only remittances but also savings and the accumulation of assets. We
show that immigrants with temporary return plans place a higher proportion of savings
in the home country and have accumulated a higher amount and share of assets and
housing value in the home country (compared to the host country).
Finally, the fourth paper, Migrant Selection to the U.S.: Evidence from the Mexican
Family Life Survey (MxFLS), studies the selection in terms of skills of recent
migrants to the United States using the MxFLS. We highlight the important age gradient
of migration, the different education attainment between age cohorts in Mexico
and show the implications when analyzing migrant selection. Our claim is that in order
to properly study the self-selection of migrants, it is necessary to compare migrants to
non-migrants of the same age cohort
Recerca i tecnologia en enginyeria grĂ fica i disseny a la Universitat PolitĂšcnica de Catalunya
Els temps canvien cada vegada mĂ©s rĂ pidament, i a la universitat aixĂČ encara es nota mĂ©s. LâhistĂČric departament dâExpressiĂł GrĂ fica a lâEnginyeria (EGE) de la Universitat PolitĂšcnica de Catalunya, garant dâuna docĂšncia de Grau, MĂ ster i Doctorat de qualitat i adaptada a les necessitats de la societat, emprĂšn lâany 2020 amb una proposta de canvi de nom per adaptar-se al nous coneixements que estan esdevenint la seva matĂšria principal, al voltant de lâenginyeria grĂ fica i el disseny. Les Ă rees de recerca del centenar de professors que formen el departament sĂłn Ă mplies i variades, i sempre en col·laboraciĂł en diversos grups tant de la prĂČpia UPC com dâaltres universitats. Una recerca avançada, de carĂ cter pluridisciplinari, on s'apliquen creativitat i innovaciĂł com a eines de coneixement, implicats en un territori ampli, i situats als diferents campus de la UPC. En els capĂtols dâaquest llibre podeu veure una petita mostra dâaquesta recerca tecnolĂČgica en camps ben variats.Postprint (published version
Dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in large cohorts: The SUN and PREDIMED studies
[Background]: Inflammation is known to be related to the leading causes of death including cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression-suicide and other chronic diseases. In the context of whole dietary patterns, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DIIÂź) was developed to appraise the inflammatory potential of the diet.
[Objective]: We prospectively assessed the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality in two large Spanish cohorts and valuated the consistency of findings across these two cohorts and results published based on other cohorts.[Design]: We assessed 18,566 participants in the âSeguimiento Universidad de Navarraâ (SUN) cohort followed-up during 188,891 person-years and 6790 participants in the âPREvencion con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄneaâ (PREDIMED) randomized trial representing 30,233 person-years of follow-up. DII scores were calculated in both cohorts from validated FFQs. Higher DII scores corresponded to more proinflammatory diets. A total of 230 and 302 deaths occurred in SUN and PREDIMED, respectively. In a random-effect meta-analysis we included 12 prospective studies (SUN, PREDIMED and 10 additional studies) that assessed the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality.[Results]: After adjusting for a wide array of potential confounders, the comparison between extreme quartiles of the DII showed a positive and significant association with all-cause mortality in both the SUN (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.98; P-trend = 0.004) and the PREDIMED cohort (HR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.02; P-trend = 0.009). In the meta-analysis of 12 cohorts, the DII was significantly associated with an increase of 23% in all-cause mortality (95% CI: 16%â32%, for the highest vs lowest category of DII).[Conclusion]: Our results provide strong and consistent support for the hypothesis that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with increased all-cause mortality. The SUN cohort and PREDIMED trial were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02669602 and at isrctn.com as ISRCTN35739639, respectively.Supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish Government, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through grants provided to research networks specifically developed for the trial (RTIC G03/140, to R.E.; RTIC RD 06/0045, to Miguel A. MartĂnez-GonzĂĄlez) and through Centro de InvestigaciĂłn BiomĂ©dica en Red de FisiopatologĂa de la Obesidad y NutriciĂłn (CIBERobn), and by grants from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC 06/2007), Fondo de InvestigaciĂłn SanitariaâFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (Proyecto de InvestigaciĂłn (PI) 04-2239, PI 05/2584, CP06/00100, PI07/0240, PI07/1138, PI07/0954, PI 07/0473, PI10/01407, PI10/02658, PI11/01647, P11/02505, PI13/00462, PI13/00615, PI13/01090, PI14/01668, PI14/01798, PI14/01764), Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciĂłn (Recursos y teconologia agroalimentarias(AGL)-2009-13906-C02 and AGL2010-22319-C03 and AGL2013-49083-C3-1- R), FundaciĂłn Mapfre 2010, the ConsejerĂa de Salud de la Junta de AndalucĂa (PI0105/2007), the Public Health Division of the Department of Health of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Generalitat Valenciana (Generalitat Valenciana Ayuda Complementaria (GVACOMP) 06109, GVACOMP2010-181, GVACOMP2011-151), Conselleria de Sanitat y, PI14/01764 AP; AtenciĂłn Primaria (CS) 2010-AP-111, and CS2011-AP-042), and Regional Government of Navarra (P27/2011).). Drs. Shivappa and HĂ©bert were supported by grant number R44DK103377 from the United States National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases