An Assessment of Company XYZ’s Injection Molding Machine Guarding Practices

Plan BThemajorgoalsofthisstudyweretoassesstheguardingpracticesoftenplasticinjectionmoldingmachineswithintwoCompanyXYZMidwesternlocationsandtoanalyzetheorganization’saccidentreports,whichinvolvedplasticinjectionmoldingmachines.Thestudy’sdatawascollectedbyperformingvisualassessmentsofCompanyXYZ’sinjectionmoldingmachinesaswellasananalysisoftheorganization’saccidentreportsforcalendaryear2020.TheresultsofthestudyindicatethatCompanyXYZ’sinjectionmoldingoperatorswereabletoreachintoalloftheassessedmachines’moldareafromthedischargezoneandcouldalsoreachtovariousmovingparts(e.g.,molds,clampingmechanismsandejectors)duringnormalproductionactivities.Company XYZ spent approximately $38,000, during calendar year 2020 as a result of 28 reported incidents,which occurred due to various substandard conditionswhich related to insufficient machine guarding/lacking ergonomic designor employee-performed substandard acts. Inordertoreducethenumberoffutureemployeeincidentsthatinvolveplasticinjectionmoldingmachines,itwasrecommendedthatCompanyXYZ’sSafetyDepartmentupdate its current machine guarding checklisttomirrortheresearcher’sassessmenttool.The interlock door height of the injection molding machines should be assessed and modified as needed to be at least seven feet from the floor, and any danger zones that operators may reach through thedischargechutes or into themolds, clamping mechanisms, and ejector zones should be guarded. In addition, CompanyXYZshouldperform ergonomic assessmentsof all processes that involve plastic injection molding machines

Cyclometallated N^C and N^C^N Complexes of Pyridines and Pyridones: Synthesis and Reactivity

In order to develop the applications of transition-metal complexes in the coordination chemistry and catalysis, the synthesis of cyclometallated N^C and N^C^N complexes of pyridines and pyridones are described. Chapter one presents an overview of C-H activation: its importance and mechanisms, ligand types, and multifunctional ligands and their role in catalysis. Chapter two describes the synthesis and characterisation of cyclopalladated complexes with a variety of 6-aryl-2-methoxypyridine ligands (aryl = H 2.5, 4-MePh 2.6, 4-CF3Ph 2.7, 4-FPh 2.8 and 2-MePh 2.9). Further reaction chemistry of these complexes, including disassembly, ligand exchange and stoichiometric reactions are discussed as well. The dimeric PdII complexes are shown to be efficient catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol. The reactivity of 2.6 towards two different AuIII sources, H[AuCl4] and K[AuCl4], are described in this chapter. Chapter three shows divergent behaviour in the reactivity of 6-aryl-2-pyridones from those in Chapter 2. Cyclopalladation of the 6-aryl-2-pyridones proceeds smoothly forming the acetate-bridged complexes; however, on standing in solution the dimeric complexes undergo slow pyridinol-pyridonate conversion to the tetrameric species with loss of acetic acid. Different behaviours are also observed in all the subsequent reactions. The electronic effect of different substituents (in particular H vs Me vs CF3) in reactivity is investigated. The role of the ortho-hydroxy group in the stability, reactivity and hydrolysis of PF6 and BF4 is demonstrated as remarkable differences have been shown between the two types, pyridine- and pyridone-based complexes. Chapter four describes the synthesis of novel symmetrical N^C^N pyridine- and pyridone-based ligands and investigates their reactivities and selectivity towards several transition metals, such as PdII, PtII, HgII and AgIII. A new microwave method is developed to afford cyclometallated N^C^N complexes of pyridones. All the experimental work and full characterisation data of the ligands and complexes described in this thesis are detailed in Chapter 5

Adsorptive removal of permanganate anions from synthetic wastewater using copper sulfide nanoparticles

The performance of Copper Sulfide (CuS) was evaluated as sorbent material for Permanganate ions ( ${{{\rm{MnO}}}_{4}}^{-}$ ). The influences of pH, ${{{\rm{MnO}}}_{4}}^{-}$ concentration, sorption time and temperature were inspected. The outcomes of this study approved that the sorbate primary concentration of 1200 mg l ^−1 , solution pH of 1.5, 90 min sorption time and temperature of 60 °C are the optimal conditions for ${{{\rm{MnO}}}_{4}}^{-}$ sorption by CuS. The study also revealed that the kinetic model of second order and model of Langmuir isotherm describe well the experimental data of this sorption. Furthermore, significant sorption capacities of 769.23, 909.09, 1111.11 and 1250.00 mg g ^−1 were resulted at 20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C, one-to-one. Additionally, thermodynamic outcomes confirmed that the nature of ${{{\rm{MnO}}}_{4}}^{-}$ sorption by CuS is a heat-absorbing and spontaneous

Polyphenols more than an Antioxidant: Role and Scope

In this article, an attempt has been made review on phenolics antioxidant activity, and characteristics, as well as the constituents of the different phenolics present in various consumable food items, which reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases. Some polyphenolic compounds are present in selected species, which are beneficial to public health, and it should be comprised as component of food habits for a proper nutrition’s plan. Polyphenols are basically a natural compound and their micronutrients are found in different fruits, beverages, and vegetables. There is no specific deficiency disease caused due to the low dietary intake of phenolics; while the proper intake possibly gives health benefits. Polyphenols are antioxidants, and evidence for their role with improved heart health, neurodegenerative (Alzheimer’s disease) diseases, better blood sugar control, diabetes, reduced inflammation, and a reduced risk of cancer development was studied. A comprehensive understanding of the biological availability of the nutritional polyphenols will helpful to recognize those that are beneficial and protective for human health. Based on latest reports, polyphenolic compounds occupy a unique place in environmental science as an important and common class of bioactive natural products globally. It is building a bridge between different interdisciplinary academic fields of science. This work is based on the reports examined the health effect of polyphenols until today

Application of Chitosan/Alginate Nanocomposite Incorporated with Phycosynthesized Iron Nanoparticles for Efficient Remediation of Chromium

Biopolymers and nanomaterials are ideal candidates for environmental remediation and heavy metal removal. As hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) is a hazardous toxic pollutant of water, this study innovatively aimed to synthesize nanopolymer composites and load them with phycosynthesized Fe nanoparticles for the full Cr6+ removal from aqueous solutions. The extraction of chitosan (Cht) from prawn shells and alginate (Alg) from brown seaweed (Sargassum linifolium) was achieved with standard characteristics. The tow biopolymers were combined and cross-linked (via microemulsion protocol) to generate nanoparticles from their composites (Cht/Alg NPs), which had a mean diameter of 311.2 nm and were negatively charged (−23.2 mV). The phycosynthesis of iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) was additionally attained using S. linifolium extract (SE), and the Fe-NPs had semispherical shapes with a 21.4 nm mean diameter. The conjugation of Cht/Alg NPs with SE-phycosynthesized Fe-NPs resulted in homogenous distribution and stabilization of metal NPs within the polymer nanocomposites. Both nanocomposites exhibited high efficiency as adsorbents for Cr6+ at diverse conditions (e.g., pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and initial ion concentration) using batch adsorption evaluation; the most effectual conditions for adsorption were a pH value of 5.0, adsorbent dose of 4 g/L, contact time of 210 min and initial Cr6+ concentration of 75 ppm. These factors could result in full removal of Cr6+ from batch experiments. The composited nanopolymers (Cht/Alg NPs) incorporated with SE-phycosynthesized Fe-NPs are strongly recommended for complete removal of Cr6+ from aqueous environments

Synthesis of novel Cu/Fe based benzene Dicarboxylate (BDC) metal organic frameworks and investigations into their optical and electrochemical properties

In the recent past Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based thin films have demonstrated superior performance in various technological applications such as optical and optoelectronic devices, electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, and sensing. Herein we report tuning the optical performance of stable complexes using Cu and Fe metal ions with carboxylate benzene dicarboxylic (BDC), leading toward the formation of novel MOF structures. The formation of Cu-BDC and Fe-BDC were confirmed by XRD and SEM studies. The thermal stability of two MOFs was investigated, indicating that, the Cu-BDC is more stable than Fe-BDC. Further, the optical properties were investigated in the wavelength range 325–1100 nm, and the Fe-BDC exhibited greater optical transmission properties than Cu-BDC by 33 %, as investigated by Wemple-DiDomenico and Tauc models. The dispersion parameters related to optical studies for Cu-BDC were better in comparison to Fe-BDC, which could be attributed to the increase in Cu valence electrons due to an increase in the number of cations. The electrochemical behavior in terms of CV measurements shows the presence of pseudo capacitance in both Fe-BDC and Cu-BDC MOFs. The improved CV performance of Cu-BDC MOF suggests that it could be used as a storage material. This work successfully demonstrates the tailoring of optical properties related to MOF thin films through the formation of stable complexes using BDC as a potential material for the fabrication of OLED's and Solar cells. The improved CV performance suggests that these MOF based materials could be used as anodes in fabrication of batteries or supercapacitors

Synthesis, biological activity and assembly of pH-responsive alkyl-substituted naphthalene-type hydrazonotriazole organogelators

Hydrazones have been a significant group of materials with diverse pharmacological and industrial applications, such as treatment of cardiovascular diseases, parasitic infections, and viral disorders, as well as cosmetic and food additives. In this context, we present the synthesis and characterization of novel hydrazonotriazole analogues with different hydrophobic alkoxy units. The synthesized alkyl-substituted naphthalene-type hydrazonotriazoles were able to act as pH-sensitive and thermoreversible organogelators. They were prepared by a straightforward aldol condensation of 2-naphthalaldehyde with different adducts of 1-(5-methyl-1-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ethan-1-one at room temperature in ethanolic solution and in the presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalytic agent. The provided compounds were exposed to condensation reaction with (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine in a refluxing acid ethanolic solution. Different spectroscopic methods were utilized to analyze and prove the chemical structures of the naphthalene-type hydrazonotriazoles, inclusing FT-IR, elemental analysis, and NMR spectra. The photophysical properties of the prepared hydrazonotriazoles were reported. The alkyl-substituted naphthalene-type hydrazonotriazole gelators were able to gelate a variety of solvents, displaying a sol–gel reversible response to pH changes together with colorimetric change from yellow to purple. The optimal gelation was monitored for nonyl-substituted hydrazone in a variety of solvents, demonstrating thermal stability up to 58 °C, and critical gelator concentration (CGC) of ∼ 1–11 mM. Several analytical methods were used to inspect the morphological properties of the hydrazonotriazole-based organogelators, displaying self-assembled nanofibers (7–15 nm). Both cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the alkyloxy-containing naphthalene-type hydrazonotriazole gelators was investigated

Preparation and Evaluation of Polymer-Based Ultrasound Gel and Its Application in Ultrasonography

Ultrasound imaging is a widely used technique in every health care center and hospital. Ultrasound gel is used as a coupling medium in all ultrasound procedures to replace air between the transducer and the patient’s skin, as ultrasound waves have trouble in traveling through air. This research was performed to formulate an inexpensive alternative to commercially available ultrasound gel as it is expensive and imported from other countries. Different formulations with different concentrations of carbopol 980 (CAR 980) and methylparaben were prepared with natural ingredients such as aloe vera gel and certain available chemicals that have no harmful effects on the skin. To justify the efficiency of the formulations; necessary physicochemical characteristics such as visual clarity, homogeneity, transparency, skin irritation, antibacterial activity, pH, stability, spreadability, conductivity, acoustic impedance, viscosity, and cost were evaluated. Moreover, a comparison study was also conducted with commercially available ultrasound gel that was utilized as a control. All samples showed excellent transparency and no microbial growth. S1 was the only formulation that met all of the requirements for commercial ultrasound gel and produced images that were similar to those produced by commercial ultrasound gel. So, this formulation could be used as an alternative to expensive commercial ultrasound gel for taking images in hospitals and medical centers