Participation and Decision Making: A Three-person Power-to-take Experiment

It is often conjectured that participatory decision making may increase acceptance even of unfavorable decisions. The present paper tests this conjecture in a three-person power-to-take game. Two takers decide which fraction of the responder's endowment to transfer to themselves; the responder decides which part of the endowment to destroy. Thus, the responder can punish greedy takers, but only at a cost to herself. We modify the game by letting the responder participate in takers' transfer decision and consider the effect of participation on the destruction rate. We nd that participation matters. Responders destroy more if they (1) had no opportunity to participate in the decision making process and (2) are confronted with highly unfavorable outcomes. This participation eect is highly signicant for those responders (the majority) who show negative reciprocity (i.e., destroy more when takers are greedier).fairness, participatory decision making, power-to-take game, procedural fairness, reciprocity

Technische und wirtschaftliche Analyse von horizontalen Fresnel-Kollektoren

Fresnel-collectors are linefocusing concentrating solar collectors for the production of process steam at temperatures up to 450°C, which can be used in solar thermal powerplants or for any industrial application. This thesis shows a systematical aproach to evaluate different design-possibilities in respect of achieving lowest levelized electricity costs by combining optical simulations of collector design, annual yield calculations with different power block designs and a cost model

Designing a compact MRI motion phantom

Even today, dealing with motion artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a challenging task. Image corruption due to spontaneous body motion complicates diagnosis. In this work, an MRI phantom for rigid motion is presented. It is used to generate motion-corrupted data, which can serve for evaluation of blind motion compensation algorithms. In contrast to commercially available MRI motion phantoms, the presented setup works on small animal MRI systems. Furthermore, retrospective gating is performed on the data, which can be used as a reference for novel motion compensation approaches. The motion of the signal source can be reconstructed using motor trigger signals and be utilized as the ground truth for motion estimation. The proposed setup results in motion corrected images. Moreover, the importance of preprocessing the MRI raw data, e.g. phase-drift correction, is demonstrated. The gained knowledge can be used to design an MRI phantom for elastic motion

Thermal Load of Direct Steam Generating Absorber Tubes with Large Diameter in Horizontal Linear Fresnel Collectors

Solar thermal power plants are at present the cheapest technology for solar electricity production. Today levelised electricity costs of 15 ct/kWh are achievable at good sites with high levels of direct normal irradiation. Nevertheless further cost reductions are necessary to make solar thermal power plants economically feasible. One possibility for a further cost reduction might be the use of so called Linear Fresnel Collectors in solar thermal power plants. Preliminary cost estimates of this option show that this is a promising potential for cost reduction. The technical feasibility of the linear Fresnel collector has to be checked in theoretical studies and afterwards during operation of a life size prototype under real solar conditions. This paper presents results of preliminary theoretical studies regarding the thermal load of the absorber tube used in a linear Fresnel collector with secondary concentrator

ColSim- A NEW SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPLEX SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND CONTROLLERS

The paper describes the main features of the new simulation environment ColSim [15] and a special application for investigating ventilation strategies in buildings. ColSim was developed with the intention of simulating and testing complex control strategies in different HVAC and thermal solar systems, coupled to a building model. It is based on a modular structure and a modified Euler algorithm was chosen for the numerical integration of the nonlinear differential equations. In contrast to existing programs, time steps ranging down to one second are used in order to receive an accurate response of the dynamic systems. An energy and mass flow balance is automatically executed within every time step. Current activities focus on the development of controllers to drive pumps and fans in various applications. All control routines and models within ColSim are implemented in ANSI-C code and can be operated on LINUX/UNIX platforms as well as in embedded system controllers. Different public domain tools are integrated in ColSim e.g. for graphical input or online plotting. Introduction and Features of ColSim The simulation of controller strategies with the simulation code TRNSYS1 [1] and other commerciall