How triathletes mount their bikes after first transition (T1). A proposal of classification

A proposal is submit for the classification referring to the different ways in which triathletes mount their bikes to start pedalling. This action happens at the end of the transition area (T1) after having gone across on foot, with the bikes at their side, or, led across by hand, in a specific way (Fernández, Romero, Merino and April, 2015). These are unique aspects of this sport, compared to other sports in which a bike is also used. The purpose of this research was concentrates in describing and classifying the motor behaviours that occur at the end of the transition area, in front of the “judge’s line”. This study was bassed on participants of 3 Spanish Elite Championships of different distances (407 triathletes). It was filmed in the moment when they picked up their bikes, passed through the transition area and mounted their bikes. Eleven different ways were discovered on how to mount a bike when passing the judge’s line.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Encuesta de satisfacción/percepción de usuarios externos de la Biblioteca de Educación de la Universidad de Alcalá: Informe

Survey of satisfaction / perception of external users at Education Library, Alcalá University Library, held on March 8, 2017

Effects of a strength and stretching program, combined or Iisolated, on active flexibility in physical education setting.

Purpose. To examine the effects of a two-session-per-week strength and stretching program on sit and reach score among high-school students in the physical education setting. Methods. A sample of 46 high-school students (16 girls and 30 boys) aged 12-14 years from four classes were clustered and randomly assigned to a strength group (n=8), a stretching group (n=12), a strength + stretching group (n=16) or a control group (n=10). During physical education classes, the experimental students performed a 1-minute stretching, a 1-minute strength or a 2-minutes strength + stretching program twice a week a total of 20 weeks. Control students performed the same physical education classes, but they did not follow any strength and/or stretching program. Active flexibility (estimated by the classic sit-and-reach test) was assessed at the beginning and at the end of the intervention program. Results. The Wilcoxon test results showed that students that performed a combined strength and stretching program increased statistically significantly their active flexibility levels from pre-intervention to post-intervention (∆ = 1.8 ± 3.2 cm; p 0.05). Conclusiones. Since in physical education many curricular contents need to be developed each academic year and the subject is also restricted by its limited curriculum time allocation, teachers could improve students’ flexibility combining stretching and strength workout. Therefore, in addition to the improvement of students’ flexibility levels, this intervention program might permit regular development of other physical education curricular contents.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Gender differences and age-related changes in performance at the duathlon world champions

Analyze the differences in performance between genders, and changes in performance in age group category at Short distance during the ITU Duathlon World Championships held between 2005 and 2016.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Differences according to modalities, distances and genders of how the triathletes carry their bicycles for the boxes during the first transition in the Spanish Championships

Introduction The purpose was to compare the proportion in the use (by elite or pro category) of the 4 types of hold-riding the bicycle during the transition between triathletes’ sex (men and women), distance or modality (Olympic, sprint, long and cross) at the Triathlon Spanish Championships. Method The sample was composed by 648 Spanish triathletes, participants of eight elite Spanish championship triathlon during 2016. Results Most of triathletes hold-ride the bike by the seat only while driving it (76.2%), followed by the handlebar (14.9%), seat-handlebar (7.1%) and stem styles (1.9%). The same tendency was showed within sex, category and race subcategories, except for Olympic (seat style was used for the 95% of triathletes), sprint (seat and handlebar styles were similar), and long (seat-handlebar and stem styles were equal). The results showed that there were statistically significantly differences in the proportion of triathletes that used each hold-riding of the bicycle between sex, race, and sex-race subcategories (p 0.05; Cramer´s V = 0.000-0.244). Discussion The difference between men and women is that men have twice the grip on the handlebars. The videos show that this may be because the groups of men in the boxes are greater than those of the women, and this sometimes forces them, to take the bike by the handlebar to control it better and avoid incidents. While in the Olympic, sprint and long-distance elite triathletes mostly used the seat style, and in the cross race the handlebar style.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Comparison of the effect of a Physical Education-Based Stretching Program applied during the Warm-Up, ColdDown and both periods on hamstring extensibility in Primary Schoolchildren.

Purpose. To compare the effects of a physical education-based stretching program applied during the warm-up, cold-down and both periods on hamstring extensibility in primary schoolchildren. Methods. A sample of 237 schoolchildren aged 7-12 years old (128 girls and 109 boys) from two primary school centres participated in the present study and met satisfactorily the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A cluster randomized controlled trial design was used. The classes balanced by grade were randomly assigned to the warm-up (n = 57), cold-down (n = 55), both periods (n = 61) or control groups (n = 64). During the physical education sessions, the students from the interventional groups performed a four-minute stretching program twice a week for eight weeks. The intervention program was applied during the warm-up (4 minutes), cold-down (4 minutes) and warm-up (2 minutes)-cold-down (2 minutes) for the warm-up, cold-down and both periods groups, respectively. Hamstring extensibility (estimated by the back-saver sit-and-reach test) was assessed at the beginning and at the end of the intervention program. Results. The one-way ANOVA (p 0.05). Conclusions. In order to develop students’ flexibility, PE teachers should apply stretching programs during the cold-down period. Due to the negative effect of static stretching on performance as previously found in the literature, it seems that PE teachers should improve students´ flexibility during the cool-down period of the sessions.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Physical activity and spatial use during school break times in children aged four

Poster de CongresoAnalyze quantity of physical activity and use of space during school break times according to gender, in four-year-old pupils.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Prevalencia de VIH en recien nacidos en Hospital Santa Rosa, período 2011- 2017

Desde su aparición hasta la actualidad, la infección por el VIH continúa siendo uno de los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. La transmisión vertical de madres a hijos es importante en los países en vías de desarrollo, puede ocurrir por 03 vías: Intrautero, Intraparto y Post natal. No obstante, el diagnóstico precoz y la adopción de medidas profilácticas durante el embarazo, parto, puerperio y el recién nacido, son fundamentales para su prevención. El Perú, en el 2004 asumió el compromiso de reducir a menos del 2% la transmisión materno infantil del VIH. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de VIH en recién nacidos de madres VIH positivas. Material y métodos: Diseño descriptivo, observacional, analítico y retrospectivo. Resultados: La prevalencia de VIH en recién nacidos fue 2,00%; de 100 partos registrados, el 5,00% fue por parto vaginal y el 95,00% por cesárea; el tratamiento antirretroviral cubrió el 99,0%; el 100,0% de las gestantes recibieron control prenatal; el 99,00% de recién nacidos recibieron tratamiento antirretroviral. Conclusiones: Se encontró una baja prevalencia de VIH en recién nacidos; se evidencia una buena cobertura de atención a las gestantes VIH positivas durante la etapa prenatal, tamizado, control antirretroviral a la madre y al recién nacido.Since the first cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) were reported until today, this condition remains as one of the most serious health and development problems around the world. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), also known as “vertical transmission” is significant in developing countries and may occur through intrauterine, intrapartum or postpartum infection. However, early diagnoses and the adoption of prophylactic measures during pregnancy, childbirth, and new born stages are fundamental to prevention and control of infection risk. In 2004, Peru assumed the compromise of reducing at least 2% of mother -to- child transmission of HIV. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among infants born from HIV seropositive mothers. Materials and Methods: Descriptive, observational, analytical and retrospective designed studies. Results: The prevalence of HIV- infected new born babies was 2.00% of 100 registered births, 5.00 % of them were due to vaginal delivery while 95% were through cesarean delivery. Antiretroviral treatment coverage was 99%, 100% of pregnant HIV- infected women received prenatal care and 99% of new born received post-natal antiretroviral treatment Conclusions: A low prevalence of HIV-infected new born babies was found, an evidence of a good care coverage in HIV-seropositive women during prenatal period and antiretroviral treatment in pregnant HIV -infected women and their newborns.Tesi

Asociación entre pronóstico y los factores de riesgo del linfoma no Hodgkin de células B

El linfoma no Hodgkin (LNH) es una neoplasia hematológica. Se han considerado que ciertos factores; como la exposición a agentes infecciosos (Helicobacter pylori y Virus de Epstein Barr), el VIH-SIDA y las exposiciones a químicos (herbicidas); podrían aumentar el desarrollo del cáncer, además el pronóstico nos puede ayudar a plantear mejor el tratamiento. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre el pronóstico y los factores de riesgo del Linfoma no Hodgkin de células B, en pacientes entre los 40 y 80 años del Hospital III Essalud José Cayetano Heredia, Piura, Enero de 2013 a Julio de 2019. Material y método: Estudio observacional, analítico, transversal y retrospectivo, donde se estudió a 112 pacientes. El análisis estadístico incluyó la prueba Chi cuadrado y un valor de p < 0.05 se consideró estadísticamente significativo, se determinó la fuerza de asociación mediante la regresión logística binaria. Resultado: El año 2018 se registró mayor cantidad de casos (22,3%). Tuvieron buen pronóstico (BP) 42,9% y mal pronóstico (MP) 57,1%. El grupo etario 60-80 años (55,4%), sexo masculino (53,6%) y procedencia Piura (51,8%). El subtipo histológico de Linfoma difuso de células B grandes (81,3%). Tuvieron exposición a agentes infecciosos el 61,6% con un Odds Ratio 2,778 y un Exp(B) de 2,2. Conclusiones: El LHN de células B es más frecuente en pacientes adultos mayores, sin diferencia significativa en el sexo. En los factores de exposición, los pacientes que tuvieron exposición a los agentes infecciosos tienen 2,2 veces mayor riesgo de desarrollar mal pronóstico.Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a haematological neoplasm. Certain factors have been considered; exposure to infectious agents (Helicobacter pylori and Epstein Barr Virus), HIV-AIDS and exposures to chemicals (herbicides); that could increase the development of this cancer, and the prognosis could help us better develop treatment. Objective: To analyze the association between the prognosis and risk factors of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients between 40 and 80 years of age at Hospital III Essalud José Cayetano Heredia, Piura, January 2013 to July 2019. Material and method: Observational, analytical, transversal and retrospective study. The statistical analysis included the Chi squared test and a value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant, the association force will be determined by binary logistic regression. Results: The year 2018 recorded the highest number of cases (22,3%). They had good prognosis (BP) 42,97% and poor prognosis (MP) 57,1%. The age group 60-80 years (55,4%), male sex (53,6%), Piura (51,8%). The histological subtype of large B-cell diffuse lymphoma (81,3%). They had exposure to infectious agents 61,6% and a Odds Ratio 2,778 and an Exp(B) of 2,2. Conclusions: B-cell LHN is common in older adult patients, more prevalent diagnosis of sub-type is large B-cell diffuse lymphoma, with no significant difference in sex. In exposure factors, patients had exposure to infectious agents have a 2,2 times higher risk of poor prognosis.Tesi