Vocabularia ad usum dacorum – og mange andre

Six Latin-Danish dictionaries from the 16th century have been published in facsimile.The publisher, Universitets-Jubilæets danske Samfund, is planning to complete theseries with an index for all the volumes.At the time of their composition, the dictionaries were meant to function as textbooksin Latin education; in our time they are a unique source material for bothScandinavian and classical philologists and for historians and cultural historians.This article describes the preliminary work in establishing an index. All thevolumes were carefully analysed in order to detennine the total amount of types ofinformation and to determine the external appearance of the books. This analysismakes it possible to define a database.Finally, different problems concerning the database such as structuring, nonnalization,inclusion and exclusion are discussed

Gammeldansk Ordbog – fortid og fremtid

The article describes the dictionary project Dictionary of Old Danish (GammeldanskOrdbog) cf. www.dsl.dk/go. The dictionary’s editorial work is based on a citation slipcollection, and the article describes the compilation of this collection and emphasizes itsdistinctive qualities. In particular the handwritten additions on the slips distinguish thecollection. The editorial board has considered how to make use of the knowledgegathered in the collection even before the slips are edited, and the article describes twopossibilities: the recently completed project Study the Middle Ages on the Web (StudérMiddelalder på Nettet) cf. http://smn.dsl.dk, where text material from the Dictionary ofOld Danish has been used, and the planned digitisation of the collection, which,combined with various search facilities, could be put on the web. Finally, the idea ofestablishing a centre for medieval and renaissance studies under the auspices of theSociety for Danish Language and Literature (Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab) ismentioned; such a centre would pull together DSL’s expertise in the field

Ordbogsartikler som skriver sig selv - ? Stednavne som kilde i Gammeldansk Ordbog

I bestræbelserne på at beskrive det danske sprog i middelalderen så præcist og så fuldstændigt som muligt har der ved Gammeldansk Ordbog (GO) været gennemført et projekt med det formål at få afklaret, efter hvilke principper det ville være muligt at udnytte sproglige vidnesbyrd fra stednavne - en ldldegruppe, som ikke tidligere har været systematisk udnyttet ved GO. Nærværende artikel beskriver, hvorledes ordbogsartikler automatisk kan genereres i GOs ordbogsredigeringssystem GestorLEX på baggrund af et masldnlæsbart stednavnemateriale, således at ord, om hvis eksistens kun stednavnebelæg vidner, også kan inddrages og behandles i GO

Person-centred care to prevent hospitalisations - a focus group study addressing the views of healthcare providers

BACKGROUND: The primary healthcare sector comprises various health services, including disease prevention at local level. Research shows that targeted primary healthcare services can prevent the development of acute complications and ultimately reduce the risk of hospitalisations. While interdisciplinary collaboration has been suggested as a means to improve the quality and responsiveness of personal care needs in preventive services, effective implementation remains a challenge. To improve the quality and responsiveness of primary healthcare and to develop initiatives to support the interdisciplinary collaboration in preventive services, there is a need to investigate the views of primary healthcare providers. The aim of this study was to investigate perceptions of preventive care among primary healthcare providers by examining their views on what constitutes a need for hospitalisation, and which strategies are found useful to prevent hospitalisation. Further, to explain how interdisciplinary collaboration can be supported with a view to providing person-centred care. METHODS: Five focus group interviews were conducted with 27 healthcare providers, including general practitioners, social and healthcare assistants, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, home care nurses, specialist nurses and acute care nurses. Interviews were transcribed, and analysed with qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Three categories emerged from the analysis: 1) Mental and social conditions influence physical functioning and hospitalisation need, 2) Well-established primary healthcare services are important to provide person-centred care through interdisciplinary collaboration and 3) Interdisciplinary collaboration in primary healthcare services is predominantly focussed on handling acute physical conditions. These describe that the healthcare providers are attentive towards the influence of mental, social and physical conditions on the risk of hospitalisation, entailing a focus on person-centred care. Nevertheless, in the preventive services, interdisciplinary collaboration focusses primarily on handling acute physical conditions, which constitutes a barrier for interdisciplinary collaboration. CONCLUSIONS: By focusing on the whole person, it could be possible to provide more person-centred care through interdisciplinary collaboration and ultimately to prevent some hospitalisations. Stakeholders at all levels should be informed about the relevance of considering mental, social and physical conditions to improve the quality and responsiveness of primary healthcare services and to develop initiatives to support interdisciplinary collaboration. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08198-6

Selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in pig tissues using SYBR green qPCR

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a method for rapid and reliable quantification of mRNA transcription. Internal standards such as reference genes are used to normalise mRNA levels between different samples for an exact comparison of mRNA transcription level. Selection of high quality reference genes is of crucial importance for the interpretation of data generated by real-time qPCR.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study nine commonly used reference genes were investigated in 17 different pig tissues using real-time qPCR with SYBR green. The genes included beta-actin (<it>ACTB</it>), beta-2-microglobulin (<it>B2M</it>), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (<it>GAPDH</it>), hydroxymethylbilane synthase (<it>HMBS</it>), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (<it>HPRT1</it>), ribosomal protein L4 (<it>RPL4</it>), succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A (<it>SDHA</it>), TATA box binding protein (<it>TPB</it>)and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta polypeptide (<it>YWHAZ</it>). The stability of these reference genes in different pig tissues was investigated using the geNorm application. The range of expression stability in the genes analysed was (from the most stable to the least stable): <it>ACTB</it>/<it>RPL4</it>, <it>TBP</it>, <it>HPRT</it>, <it>HMBS</it>, <it>YWHAZ</it>, <it>SDHA</it>, <it>B2M </it>and <it>GAPDH</it>.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Expression stability varies greatly between genes. <it>ACTB, RPL4</it>, <it>TPB </it>and <it>HPRT1 </it>were found to have the highest stability across tissues. Based on both expression stability and expression level, our data suggest that <it>ACTB </it>and <it>RPL4 </it>are good reference genes for high abundant transcripts while <it>TPB </it>and <it>HPRT1 </it>are good reference genes for low abundant transcripts in expression studies across different pig tissues.</p

Interventions to Prevent Potentially Avoidable Hospitalizations:A Mixed Methods Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: The demand for healthcare is increasing due to an aging population, more people living with chronic diseases and medical comorbidities. To manage this demand, political institutions call for action to reduce the potentially avoidable hospitalizations. Quantitative and qualitative aspects should be considered to understand how and why interventions work, and for whom. The aim of this mixed methods systematic review was to identify and synthesize evidence on interventions targeting avoidable hospitalizations from the perspectives of the citizens and the healthcare professionals to improve the preventive healthcare services. METHODS AND RESULTS: A mixed methods systematic review was conducted following the JBI methodology using a convergent integrated approach to synthesis. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO, reg. no. CRD42020134652. A systematic search was undertaken in six databases. In total, 45 articles matched the eligibility criteria, and 25 of these (five qualitative studies and 20 quantitative studies) were found to be of acceptable methodological quality. From the 25 articles, 99 meaning units were extracted. The combined evidence revealed four categories, which were synthesized into two integrated findings: (1) Addressing individual needs through care continuity and coordination prevent avoidable hospitalizations and (2) Recognizing preventive care as an integrated part of the healthcare work to prevent avoidable hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS: The syntheses highlight the importance of addressing individual needs through continuous and coordinated care practices to prevent avoidable hospitalizations. Engaging healthcare professionals in preventive care work and considering implications for patient safety may be given higher priority. Healthcare administers and policy-makers could support the delivery of preventive care through targeted educational material aimed at healthcare professionals and simple web-based IT platforms for information-sharing across healthcare settings. The findings are an important resource in the development and implementation of interventions to prevent avoidable hospitalizations, and may serve to improve patient safety and quality in preventive healthcare services. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=134652, identifier: CRD42020134652

Clinical manifestations in infants and children with <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae </i>infection

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in older children. Pulmonary and extra-pulmonary symptoms associated with M. pneumoniae infection are reported. M. pneumoniae is mainly epidemic in Denmark with the recurrence every 4-7th year.Retrospectively, to describe the epidemiology and clinical features, in infants and children, during the M. pneumoniae epidemic in 2010 and 2011.All children under the age of 16 that were tested for M. pneumoniae during the period 01.02.2010-31.01.2012 were included. Medical charts, as well as radiological findings, were reviewed for all children with M. pneumoniae. A post-hoc analysis of viral co-infections was done on part of the cohort.134 of 746 children were tested positive for M. pneumoniae by PCR or serology. Positive tests were found in 65% of children seven years and older, in 30% of 2-6-year-olds and 4% of infants (less than two years of age). Viral co-infection was found in 27% of the tested samples. The clinical presentation was a cough, asthma-like symptoms and low-grade fever. Extra-pulmonary symptoms were common and presented as nausea/vomiting by 33% of the children and skin manifestations by 25%. 84% of the children had a chest x-ray taken, and there were positive radiological findings in 94% of these.M. pneumoniae also affected infants and young children and symptoms were similar to infections with respiratory viruses, but severe LRTI were also seen. During an up-coming epidemic, assessment of extra-pulmonary manifestations can be helpful when diagnosing M. pneumoniae infections

Genome-wide association study reveals a locus for nasal carriage of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Danish crossbred pigs

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is an important human opportunistic pathogen residing on skin and mucosae of healthy people. Pigs have been identified as a source of human colonization and infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and novel measures are needed to control zoonotic transmission. A recent longitudinal study indicated that a minority of pigs characterized by high nasal load and stable carriage may be responsible for the maintenance of S. aureus within farms. The primary objective of the present study was to detect genetic loci associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus in Danish crossbred pigs (Danish Landrace/Yorkshire/Duroc). RESULTS: Fifty-six persistent carriers and 65 non-carriers selected from 15 farms surveyed in the previous longitudinal study were genotyped using Illumina’s Porcine SNP60 beadchip. In addition, spa typing was performed on 126 S. aureus isolates from 37 pigs to investigate possible relationships between host and S. aureus genotypes. A single SNP (MARC0099960) on chromosome 12 was found to be associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus at a genome-wide level after permutation testing (p = 0.0497) whereas the association of a neighboring SNP was found to be borderline (p = 0.114). Typing of S. aureus isolates led to detection of 11 spa types belonging to the three main S. aureus clonal complexes (CC) previously described in pigs (CC9, CC30 and CC398). Individual carriers often harbored multiple S. aureus genotypes and the host-pathogen interaction seems to be independent of S. aureus genotype. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest it may be possible to select pigs genetically resistant to S. aureus nasal colonization as a tool to control transmission of livestock-associated MRSA to humans. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-015-0599-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users