32 research outputs found
Prevalence, correlates, and prognosis of peripheral artery disease in rural ecuador-rationale, protocol, and phase I results of a population-based survey: an atahualpa project-ancillary study
Background. Little is known on the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in developing countries. Study design. Population-based study in Atahualpa. In Phase I, the Edinburgh claudication questionnaire (ECQ) was used for detection of suspected symptomatic PAD; persons with a negative ECQ but a pulse pressure ≥65 mmHg were suspected of asymptomatic PAD. In Phase II, the ankle-brachial index will be used to test reliability of screening instruments and to determine PAD prevalence. In Phase III, participants will be followed up to estimate the relevance of PAD as a predictor of vascular outcomes. Results. During Phase I, 665 Atahualpa residents aged ≥40 years were enrolled (mean age: 59.5 ± 12.6 years, 58% women). A poor cardiovascular health status was noticed in 464 (70%) persons of which 27 (4%) had a stroke and 14 (2%) had ischemic heart disease. Forty-four subjects (7%) had suspected symptomatic PAD and 170 (26%) had suspected asymptomatic PAD. Individuals with suspected PAD were older, more often women, and had a worse cardiovascular profile than those with nonsuspected PAD. Conclusions. Prevalence of suspected PAD in this underserved population is high. Subsequent phases of this study will determine whether prompt detection of PAD is useful to reduce the incidence of catastrophic vascular diseases in the region
In vitro anthelmintic effect of the extract of Albizia lophantha on gastrointestinal nematodes of horses
El extracto de Albiziza lophantha fue empleado (T1: 0 mg de extracto/ml de cultivo [mg/ml], T2: 0.04 mg/ml, T3: 0.08 mg/ml, T4: 0.12 mg/ml) para evaluar el efecto antihelmíntico in vitro en nematodos gastrointestinales de caballos. Se observó mayor inhibición en la eclosión de huevos (T4: 43% y T3: 11%) y menor supervivencia larval con dosis altas (T4: 0%, T3: 0% a las 36 y 60 horas después de aplicar el extracto, respectivamente) (p=0.0001). El extracto de A. lophantha fue eficaz en el control in vitro de nematodos gastrointestinales de caballos.The Albizia lophantha extract (T1: 0 mg of extract/ml of nutritive cultivation [mg/ml], T2: 0.04 mg/ml, T3: 0.08 mg/ml, T4: 0.12 mg/ml) was used to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect on gastrointestinal nematodes of horses. Higher inhibition in the hatching of eggs (T4: 43% and T3: 11%, respectively) and lower in the survival of larvae in the treatments of high doses (T4: 0% and T3: 0% at 36 and 60 hours after applying the extract respectively) (p=0.0001). The A. lophantha extract was effective in the in vitro control of gastrointestinal nematodes of horses
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Lack of Association between Periodic Limb Movements during Sleep and Neuroimaging Signatures of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Community-Dwelling Older Adults. The Atahualpa Project
Background: Evidence of the relationship between periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is limited and inconsistent. Here, we aimed to assess the independent association between PLMS and the different neuroimaging signatures of cSVD. Methods: Atahualpa residents aged more than or equal to 60 years enrolled in the Atahualpa Project undergoing polysomnography and MRI with time intervals less than or equal to 6 months were included. MRI readings focused on white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin, deep cerebral microbleeds (CMB), silent lacunar infarcts (LI), and more than 10 enlarged basal ganglia-perivascular spaces (BG-PVS). Data from single-night polysomnograms were interpreted according to recommendations of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Associations between the PLMS index and neuroimaging signatures of cSVD (as dependent variables) were assessed by means of logistic regression models, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results: A total of 146 individuals (mean age: 71.4 ± 7.5 years; 64% women) were included. A PLMS index more than or equal to 15 per hour were noted in 48 (33%) participants. Moderate-to-severe WMH were present in 33 individuals (23%), deep CMB in 9 (6%), silent LI in 16 (11%), and more than 10 BG-PVS in 44 (30%). In univariate analyses, silent LI (P = .035) and the presence of more than 10 enlarged BG-PVS (P = .034) were significantly higher among participants with a PLMS index more than or equal to 15 per hour. However, fully-adjusted multivariate models showed no significant association between PLMS index more than or equal to 15 per hour and any of the neuroimaging signatures of cSVD. Conclusions: This study shows no independent association between the PLMS index and neuroimaging signatures of cSVD in stroke-free community-dwelling older adults
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Enlarged basal ganglia perivascular spaces and sleep parameters. A population-based study
Perivascular spaces (PVS) are involved in mechanisms of brain interstitial fluid and metabolic waste clearance. Since most of this clearance occurs during sleep, it is plausible that sleep-related disorders favor PVS dilatation. Knowledge on the association between enlarged basal ganglia (BG) PVS and sleep disorders is limited. Here, we aimed to assess the association between sleep parameters and enlarged BG-PVS in older adults.
Atahualpa residents aged ≥60 years were interviewed with the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and underwent MRI for identification of enlarged BG-PVS and other neuroimaging signatures of cerebral small vessel disease. Then, a representative random sample of the study population underwent a single-night polysomnography (PSG). Using logistic regression models, we evaluated whether sleep quality, sleep efficiency and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) associate with enlarged BG-PVS, after adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, neuroimaging signatures of cerebral small vessel disease and other relevant confounders.
The association between sleep quality and enlarged BG-PVS, assessed in 338 individuals, was significant in the univariate model, but the significance was taken away by the effect of confounders. The association between PSG parameters and enlarged BG-PVS was assessed in a random sample of 97 individuals. Logistic regression models showed a significant association between poor sleep efficiency and enlarged BG-PVS (p = 0.045). In contrast, there was no association between the AHI and BG-PVS.
Poor sleep efficiency is independently associated with enlarged BG-PVS, suggesting that sleep may influence structural changes in these fluid-filled cavities
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0690 Enlarged Basal Ganglia Perivascular Spaces And Sleep Parameters. A Population-based Study
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0805 Lack of Association Between Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep and Neuroimaging Signatures of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Stroke-Free Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Abstract
Introduction
Evidence of the relationship between periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is limited and inconsistent. Here, we aimed to assess the independent association between PLMS and the different neuroimaging signatures of cSVD.
Methods
Community dwelling adults aged ≥60 years enrolled in the Atahualpa Project undergoing PSG and MRI with time intervals ≤6 months were included. MRI readings focused on white matter hyperintensities (WMH) of presumed vascular origin, deep cerebral microbleeds (CMB), silent lacunar infarcts (LI), and >10 enlarged basal ganglia-perivascular spaces (BG-PVS). Data from single-night polysomnograms were interpreted according to recommendations of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Associations between the PLMS index and neuroimaging signatures of cSVD (as dependent variables) were assessed by means of logistic regression models, adjusted for relevant confounders.
Results
A total of 146 individuals (mean age: 71.4 ± 7.5 years; 64% women) were included. A PLMS index ≥15/hour were noted in 48 (33%) participants. Moderate-to-severe WMH were present in 33 individuals (23%), deep CMB in 9 (6%), silent LI in 16 (11%), and >10 BG-PVS in 44 (30%). In univariate analyses, silent LI (p=0.035) and the presence of >10 enlarged BG-PVS (p=0.034) were significantly higher among participants with a PLMS index ≥15/hour. However, fully-adjusted multivariate models showed no significant association between PLMS index ≥15/hour and any of the neuroimaging signatures of cSVD.
Conclusion
This study shows no independent association between the PLMS index and neuroimaging signatures of cSVD in stroke-free community-dwelling older adults.
Support
This study was supported by Universidad Espíritu Santo - Ecuador
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The association between physical activity and sleep quality in stroke-free adults living in rural settings. The Three Villages Study
The relationship between physical activity and sleep quality has been reported in specific conditions or in selected individuals. To better understand this association at the population level, we aimed to assess the association between physical activity and sleep quality in community-dwellers residing in three neighboring rural villages of Coastal Ecuador.
A total of 1438 individuals aged ≥40 years were included. Data collection focused on the levels of physical activity and sleep quality. Multivariate models were fitted to assess independent associations between adequate physical activity and good sleep quality, after adjusting for relevant covariates.
Physical activity was categorized as ideal in 676 (47%) individuals, intermediate in 644 (45%), and poor in 118 (8%). According to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 880 (61%) individuals had a good sleep quality. In univariate analysis, the percentage of individuals with a good sleep quality was lower among individuals with poor and intermediate physical activity when compared to those with ideal physical activity. Using individuals with poor physical activity as the referent category, a logistic regression model showed that a good sleep quality was significantly associated with intermediate (odds ratio, OR: 1.54; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.03–2.30; p = 0.036) and ideal (OR: 1.78; 95% C.I.: 1.18–2.69; p = 0.006) physical activity, after adjusting for relevant covariates.
This population-based study provides robust epidemiological evidence favoring an association between adequate levels of physical activity and good sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults living in rural settings.
•The association between physical activity and sleep quality has been reported.•However, most studies may not be generalizable to the population at large.•We assessed this association in 1438 community-dwellers residing in three rural villages of Coastal Ecuador.•This study shows a significant association between adequate physical activity and good sleep quality in the studied cohort