Style Generation: Image Synthesis based on Coarsely Matched Texts

Previous text-to-image synthesis algorithms typically use explicit textual instructions to generate/manipulate images accurately, but they have difficulty adapting to guidance in the form of coarsely matched texts. In this work, we attempt to stylize an input image using such coarsely matched text as guidance. To tackle this new problem, we introduce a novel task called text-based style generation and propose a two-stage generative adversarial network: the first stage generates the overall image style with a sentence feature, and the second stage refines the generated style with a synthetic feature, which is produced by a multi-modality style synthesis module. We re-filter one existing dataset and collect a new dataset for the task. Extensive experiments and ablation studies are conducted to validate our framework. The practical potential of our work is demonstrated by various applications such as text-image alignment and story visualization. Our datasets are published at https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/mengyaocui/style-generation

Aflibercept 5+PRN with retinal laser photocoagulation is more effective than retinal laser photocoagulation alone and aflibercept 3+PRN with retinal laser photocoagulation in patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema: a 12-month clinical trial

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate and compare the efficacy and safety of retinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) alone, PRP with aflibercept 3+PRN, and PRP with aflibercept 5+PRN in patients with both high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).MethodsOverall, 170 patients with high-risk PDR and DME (170 eyes from 170 patients) who visited our ophthalmology clinic from December 2018 to December 2020 were divided into the PRP (n=58), aflibercept 5+PRN with PRP (n=53), and aflibercept 3+PRN with PRP (n= 59) groups. General information, such as age, sex, and eye category, was obtained. Moreover, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), baseline central macular foveal thickness (CFT), microaneurysm (MA), area of neovascularization (NV), area of hard exudate (HE), and cytokine levels in atrial fluid before and after treatment, were assessed. The χ2 test was used for comparison between groups for statistical data. Analysis of variance was used for the statistical description of measurement data, independent samples were analyzed using Student’s t-test, and Student–Newman–Keuls test was used for group comparisons. Differences were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.ResultsAfter treatment, no significant improvement in the BCVA (logMAR) of patients in the PRP group was observed. The BCVA (log MAR) decreased from 0.72 ± 0.17 and 0.74 ± 0.17 to 0.50 ± 0.13 and 0.53 ± 0.17 in PRP with aflibercept 5+PRN and PRP with aflibercept 3+PRN groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference compared to those in the PRP group (P<0.05 in all cases). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the combined treatment groups (P>0.05). The CFT in the PRP-only group decreased slightly from 361.80 ± 36.70 μm to 353.86 ± 40.88 μm, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), whereas the CFT in the aflibercept 5+PRN with PRP and aflibercept 3+PRN with PRP groups decreased from 356.57 ± 37.57 μm and 358.17 ± 44.66 μm to 284.87 ± 31.52 μm and 303.19 ± 37.00 μm, respectively, with statistically significant differences before and after treatment (P<0.05 for both groups). Statistically significant differences were observed in CFT between the three groups after treatment (P<0.05 in all cases). The number of MA (pcs) in the PRP, aflibercept 5+PRN with PRP, and aflibercept 3+PRN with PRP groups decreased from 118.34 ± 27.96, 118.60 ± 33.34, and 116.59 ± 28.95 to 92.95 ± 29.04, 44.60 ± 20.73, and 54.26 ± 25.43, respectively. The two-way comparison of the three groups revealed statistically significant differences in MA (P<0.05 in all cases). In the three groups, NV decreased from 1.00 ± 0.21 mm², 1.01 ± 0.18 mm², and 0.98 ± 0.20 mm² before treatment to 0.49 ± 0.17 mm², 0.31 ± 0.16 mm², and 0.38 ± 0.14 mm², respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05 in all cases). After 12 months of treatment, 13, 18, and 18 patients had reduced HE area in the PRP-only, aflibercept 5+PRN with PRP, and aflibercept 3+PRN with PRP groups, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05 in all cases). After 12 months of treatment, vascular endothelial growth factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and glial fibrilliary acidic protein levels (pg/mL) in the aqueous humor decreased in both combined treatment groups compared with that at baseline, with statistically significant differences; however, no significant difference was observed between the two combined treatment groups (P>0.05).ConclusionAflibercept 5+PRN combined with PRP was safe and effective in treating patients with high-risk PDR and DME, and was more effective than PRP-only and aflibercept 3+PRN with PRP in improving CFT and MA

Genomic Analyses Reveal Mutational Signatures and Frequently Altered Genes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and the fourth most lethal cancer in China. However, although genomic studies have identified some mutations associated with ESCC, we know little of the mutational processes responsible. To identify genome-wide mutational signatures, we performed either whole-genome sequencing (WGS) or whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 104 ESCC individuals and combined our data with those of 88 previously reported samples. An APOBEC-mediated mutational signature in 47% of 192 tumors suggests that APOBEC-catalyzed deamination provides a source of DNA damage in ESCC. Moreover, PIK3CA hotspot mutations (c.1624G>A [p.Glu542Lys] and c.1633G>A [p.Glu545Lys]) were enriched in APOBEC-signature tumors, and no smoking-associated signature was observed in ESCC. In the samples analyzed by WGS, we identified focal (<100 kb) amplifications of CBX4 and CBX8. In our combined cohort, we identified frequent inactivating mutations in AJUBA, ZNF750, and PTCH1 and the chromatin-remodeling genes CREBBP and BAP1, in addition to known mutations. Functional analyses suggest roles for several genes (CBX4, CBX8, AJUBA, and ZNF750) in ESCC. Notably, high activity of hedgehog signaling and the PI3K pathway in approximately 60% of 104 ESCC tumors indicates that therapies targeting these pathways might be particularly promising strategies for ESCC. Collectively, our data provide comprehensive insights into the mutational signatures of ESCC and identify markers for early diagnosis and potential therapeutic targets

Analysis of clinical manifestations and MRI features in multiple sclerosis involved with spinal cord

Objective To analyse the significance of clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) involved with spinal cord. Methods The clinical data and MRI features of 46 inpatients with spinal cord involvement of multiple sclerosis from January 2006 to December 2009 were analysed retrospectively. Results The main onset type of the patients was acute (58.70% , 27/46) or sub ⁃ acute (34.78% , 16/46). The main clinical manifestations were acroparalysis (95.65%, 44/46), sensory disturbance (84.78%, 39/46) and retention of urine (67.39%, 31/46). MRI showed that cervical involvement was most common (45.65%, 21/46) which was followed by thoracic involvement (28.26% , 13/46). Single or multiple scattered long T1 and T2 abnormal signal patches were seen, and the lesion often involved 2 or less than 2 vertebrae (84.78%, 39/46) and might involve more than 2 vertebral segments (15.22%, 7/46). Different signal intensity was seen on enhanced scanning. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of patients with multiple sclerosis involved spinal cord are diverse. MRI shows that spinal cord involvement presents single or multiple lesions which usually do not involve more than 2 vertebral segments. Even if the lesion segment is extended, multiple sclerosis can not be excluded. MRI is the most sensitive and most specific imaging method to diagnose multiple sclerosis involved spinal cord. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2011.01.02

CRCM: A New Combined Data Gathering and Energy Charging Model for WRSN

With the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the problem about how to increase the lifecycle of the WSNs is always a hot discussion point, and some researchers have devoted to the &lsquo;energy saving&rsquo; to decrease the energy consumption of the sensor nodes by different algorithms. However, the fundamental technique is &lsquo;energy acquiring&rsquo; for the battery which can solve the limited capacity problem. In this paper, we study the data gathering and energy charging by a mobile charger (MC) at the same time that most energy consumption can be saved by short communication distance. We have named this as the recharging model-combined recharging and collecting data model on-demand (CRCM). Firstly, the hexagon-based (HB) algorithm is proposed to sort all sensor nodes in the region to make data collecting and energy charging work at the same time. Then we consider both residual energy and geographic position (REGP) of the sensor node to calculate the priority of each cluster. Thirdly, the dynamic mobile charger (DMC) algorithm is proposed to calculate the number of MCs to make sure no sensor node will die in each charging queue. Finally, the simulations show that our REGP algorithm is better than Earliest Deadline First (EDF) and Nearest-Job-Next with Preemption (NJNP), and the DMC plays well when the number of sensor nodes increase

A New Split Gate Resurf Stepped Oxide UMOSFET Structure with High Doped Epitaxial Layer for Improving Figure of Merit (FOM)

The split gate resurf stepped oxide with highly doped epitaxial layer (HDSGRSO) UMOSFET has been proposed. The epitaxial layer of HDSGRSO u-shape metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (UMOSFET) has been divided into three parts: the upper epitaxial layer, the lower epitaxial layer and the middle epitaxial layer with higher doping concentration. The research shows that the reduced SURface field (RESURF) active has been enhanced due to the high doped epitaxial layer, which can modulate the electric field distribution and reduce the internal high electric field. Therefore, the HDGRSO UMOSFET has a higher breakdown voltage (BV), a lower on-state specific resistance (RSP) and a better figure of merit (FOM). According to the results of Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations, the FOM (BV2/RSP) of HDSGRSO UMOSFET has been improved by 464%, and FOM (RSP &times; Qgd) of HDSGRSO UMOSFET has been reduced by 27.9% compared to the conventional structure, respectively, when the BV is 240 V. Furthermore, there is no extra special process required in this advanced fabrication procedure, which is relatively cost-effective and achievable

A Single-Event Burnout Hardened Super-Junction Trench SOI LDMOS with Additional Hole Leakage Paths

In this paper, a novel super-junction trench silicon-on-insulator laterally-diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor (SJT SOI LDMOS) power device with additional hole leakage paths to improve single-event burnout (SEB) performance under high liner energy transfer (LET) is proposed for the first time. The electrical characteristics and SEB performance of the proposed SJT SOI LDMOS are both enhanced effectively. The replacement of a lightly doped N drift region with a heavily doped P pillar and N pillar considerably improves the tradeoff between breakdown voltage (BVDS) and specific on-resistance (Ron,sp). Compared with the conventional trench SOI LDMOS (CT SOI LDMOS), the static figures of merit (FOM, BVDS2/Ron,sp) of the SJT SOI LDMOS increases by 239%. The SEB performance of the SJT SOI LDMOS is significantly improved as the holes induced by the heavy ion can be quickly absorbed to the trench source metal through the heavily doped P+ region and P buried region rather than the base resistor of the parasitic bipolar junction transistor (BJT). The SEB threshold voltage (VSEB) of the CT SOI LDMOS is 58 V (39% of the BVDS) and that of the SJT SOI LDMOS is up to 173 V (87% of the BVDS) at high LET of 1 pC/μm

Internet of things-based cloud computing platform for analyzing the physical health condition

BACKGROUND: Health monitoring is important for early disease diagnosis and will reduce the discomfort and treatment expenses, which is very relevant in terms of prevention. The early diagnosis and treatment of multiple conditions will improve solutions to the patient's healthcare radically. A concept model for the real-time patient tracking system is the primary goal of the method. The Internet of things (IoT) has made health systems accessible for programs based on the value of patient health. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the IoT-based cloud computing for patient health monitoring framework (IoT-CCPHM), has been proposed for effective monitoring of the patients. METHOD: The emerging connected sensors and IoT devices monitor and test the cardiac speed, oxygen saturation percentage, body temperature, and patient's eye movement. The collected data are used in the cloud database to evaluate the patient's health, and the effects of all measures are stored. The IoT-CCPHM maintains that the medical record is processed in the cloud servers. RESULTS: The experimental results show that patient health monitoring is a reliable way to improve health effectively

Effects of tidal creeks on Spartina Alterniflora expansion: A perspective from multi-scale remote sensing

Rapid expansion of Spartina Alterniflora (S. alterniflora) has led to severe ecological consequences in coastal wetlands in China. Better understanding of the mechanism of S. alterniflora expansion is of great importance for its control and management. Although previous research has reported that the expansion of S. alterniflora is closely related to tidal creeks via field investigations, few studies have quantitatively investigated their relationships using remote sensing at different scales. In this study, we utilized time series satellite remote sensing imagery with different spatial resolutions to investigate the effects of tidal creeks on S. alterniflora expansion at both landscape scale and patch scale. We took the Yellow River Delta (YRD), China as our study area, where S. alterniflora has spread across the intertidal wetlands during the past decade. At landscape scale, we first derived the yearly maps of S. alterniflora and tidal creeks during 2009–2020 based on Landsat-series satellite imagery, then analyzed the spatio-temporal relationship between S. alterniflora and tidal creeks. By using grid analysis method, we evaluated the change of S. alterniflora area and tidal creek length and compared their change time. The results showed that 30.46 % of the grids experienced no change in tidal creeks while expansion of S. alterniflora, and 54.02 % of the grids experienced S. alterniflora area increase after the lengthening of tidal creeks. The results indicated that relationship between tidal creeks and S. alterniflora in YRD was dominated by “tidal creeks promoting S. alterniflora expansion”. We then simulated the S. alterniflora expansion at patch scale using an improved spatially explicit individual-based model based on S. alterniflora maps derived from Landsat imagery (30 m) and GF-1 high spatial resolution imagery (2 m), respectively. The results showed that consideration of long-distance dispersal of seeds along the direction of tidal creeks considerably enhanced the simulation accuracy, regardless of the spatial resolution of the S. alterniflora maps. High-resolution S. alterniflora maps yielded higher simulation accuracies. Our study suggests that the long-distance dispersal of seeds led by tidal creeks is an important manner for S. alterniflora expansion. Satellite remote sensing imagery have great potential to discover the mechanism of S. alterniflora expansion, facilitating control of S. alterniflora at the early invasion stage