Experiments and simulations of hollow cylinders falling through quiescent liquids

Acknowledgment This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers: 22078191, 21978165, 22081340412 and 92156020).Peer reviewe

Estimation of relatedness among non-pedigreed Yakutian cryo-bank bulls using molecular data : implications for conservation and breed management

v2010okAbstrac

Change detection in SAR images based on the salient map guidance and an accelerated genetic algorithm

This paper proposes a change detection algorithm in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images based on the salient image guidance and an accelerated genetic algorithm (S-aGA). The difference image is first generated by logarithm ratio operator based on the bi-temporal SAR images acquired in the same region. Then a saliency detection model is applied in the difference image to extract the salient regions containing the changed class pixels. The salient regions are further divided by fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm into three categories: changed class (set of pixels with high gray values), unchanged class (set of pixels with low gray values) and undetermined class (set of pixels with middle gray value, which are difficult to classify). Finally, the proposed accelerated GA is applied to explore the reduced search space formed by the undetermined-class pixels according to an objective function considering neighborhood information. In S-aGA, an efficient mutation operator is designed by using the neighborhood information of undetermined-class pixels as the heuristic information to determine the mutation probability of each undetermined-class pixel adaptively, which accelerates the convergence of the GA significantly. The experimental results on two data sets demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed S-aGA. On the whole, S-aGA outperforms five other existing methods including the simple GA in terms of detection accuracy. In addition, S-aGA could obtain satisfying solution within limited generations, converging much faster than the simple GA

Caregiving Experiences of Family Caregivers for Children with Tumors：a Qualitative Systematic Review

BackgroundAs the most direct caregivers, family caregivers play a crucial role in caring children with cancer. Qualitative studies on their emotions and experiences have reported that they face great challenges and pressures during caring children with cance.ObjectiveTo perform an integrative synthesis of caregiving experiences of family caregivers of children with cancer, providing evidence derived from practice for improving the caring for such children, and their family caregivers' physical and mental health.MethodsQualitative studies regarding caregiving experiences of family caregivers for children with cancer were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, EmBase, Medline, CNKI, and Wanfang Data from inception to June 1, 2021. Literature screening, and data extraction were performed by two researchers, separately. Methodological quality was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. And the results were synthesized using an integrative review approach.ResultsTwelve studies were finaly enrolled. Thirty-eight complete evidence of 11 types arose from the synthesis and were summarized into two themes: (1) care challenges and burdens; (2) care resources. Each primary topic encompasses multiple sub-topics.ConclusionWe found that family caregivers face a variety of burdens and challenges, and they attempt to actively solve them using their own strengths, supports from their own personal networks, other people, external sources (non-governmental, public and supportive policy resources) , culture and belief, as well as knowledge about hospice care. To relieve their care burden, and improve the quality of life of these children, it is suggested that medical workers should provide these caregivers with targeted guidance and supports with the features of the specific treatment phase of the children, and their caregivers' caregiving experiences and culture taken into consideration

Magnetic skyrmion generation by reflective spin-wave focusing

We propose a method to generate magnetic skyrmions by focusing spin waves totally reflected by a curved film edge. Based on the principle of identical magnonic path length, we derive the edge contour that is parabolic and frequency-independent. Micromagnetic simulations are performed to verify our theoretical design. It is found that under proper conditions, magnetic droplet first emerges near the focal point where the spin-wave intensity has been significantly enhanced, and then converts to magnetic skyrmion accompanied by a change of the topological charge. The phase diagram about the amplitude and frequency of the driving field for skyrmion generation is obtained. Our finding would be helpful for the designment of spintronic devices combing the advantage of skyrmionics and magnonics.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Case report: Clinical and histopathological characteristics of psoriasiform erythema and de novo IL-17A cytokines expression on lesioned skin in atopic dermatitis children treated with dupilumab

BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease, and dupilumab, a human monoclonal antibody, is the firstly approved biological drug for AD. Psoriasiform erythema (PE) during dupilumab treatment in adults has been reported. This study describes the risk of PE in children after initiation of dupilumab treatment.ObjectivesTo evaluate the de novo cytokines gene expression in the transition of atopic dermatitis symptoms to psoriasiform erythema during dupilumab treatment in children.MethodsTwo 17-year-old teenage twin patients with AD were included in this study who developed psoriasiform erythema after initiation of dupilumab. The lesional skin biopsy specimens were obtained for the histopathological investigation and RNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (RNA-FISH). Dermoscopy, cytometry (cytokine detection in the blood), and blood investigations were completed for the pedigree and the lesioned descriptions.ResultsTwo twin patients with AD presented with erythematic scaly plaques on the back, scalp, abdomen, and extensor extremities after 20 weeks of dupilumab treatment. The transitional change of AD to psoriasiform erythema treated with dupilumab was observed. Our subjects' dermoscopy showed pinpoint bleeding and white scales on pink background. Histopathology features showed psoriasiform hyperplasia, epidermal hyperplasia (acanthosis), ectatic capillaries, perivascular lymphocytes infiltration, and parakeratosis, with the absence of the granular cell layer. mRNA (RNA-FISH) cytokines gene expression showed a significantly high concentration of IL-17A. Blood investigation results showed a high concentration of (Immunoglobulin E) IgE and Eosinophils, and cytokines detection in blood showed IL-5,6 and IL-17 in one patient; however, only IL-5 in another patient. The dupilumab was discontinued and initiated with Baricitinib. Baricitinib showed a significant reduction in skin lesions.ConclusionPsoriasiform erythema can appear during dupilumab treatment in atopic dermatitis children. Potently, by suppressing skewed Th2 activation in patients with AD, the balance might shift toward Th1/Th17 predominance, and psoriasis develops. Baricitinib is a potential drug for psoriasiform erythema with significant therapeutic effects

Educational degree differences in the association between work stress and depression among Chinese healthcare workers: Job satisfaction and sleep quality as the mediators

BackgroundDepressive status of medical personnel worldwide and especially in China is an important public health and social problem. There is a strong relationship between education and depression, but no studies have studied grouping healthcare workers (HCWs) with different educational degree to discuss whether there are differences in the factors that affect depression. This study aims to examine the role of job satisfaction and sleep quality in the relationship between work stress and depression among Chinese HCWs, and teste whether the mediation models are differed by the differences of educational degree.MethodsPatient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale was used to test depression. Work stress was assessed using the Challenge-blocking stress scale (CBSS). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). HCWs’ satisfaction with their current work was assessed using the Job Satisfaction Index (JSI). The representative sample of HCWs was chosen using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling procedure and 844 HCWs were utilized to the statistical analysis of the study.ResultsIn the overall sample, sleep quality could mediate the relationship between work stress and depression in healthcare workers (p < 0.001, CMIN/DF = 3.816, GFI = 0.911, AGFI = 0.886, IFI = 0.943, TLI = 0.933, CFI = 0.942, RMSEA = 0.058, SRMR = 0.055, AIC = 1039.144), and the mediating effect accounted for 36.5%. After grouping educational qualifications, the model with sleep quality and job satisfaction as mediating variables reported a better fit in the group with low educational qualifications. The intermediary effect accounted for 50.6 and 4.43%, respectively. The highly educated group only has sleep quality as an intermediary variable in the structural model, and the mediating effect accounted for 75.4% (p < 0.001, CMIN/DF = 2.596, GFI = 0.887, AGFI = 0.857, IFI = 0.937, TLI = 0.926, CFI = 0.937, RMSEA = 0.044, SRMR = 0.056, AIC = 1481.322).ConclusionIn the overall sample, sleep quality could mediate the relationship between work stress and depression in HCWs. Among HCWs with technical secondary school education and below, job satisfaction can mediate the positive relationship between work stress and depression, while this mediating effect is not significant among HCWs with college degree and above

The Ginger-shaped Asteroid 4179 Toutatis: New Observations from a Successful Flyby of Chang'e-2

On 13 December 2012, Chang'e-2 conducted a successful flyby of the near-Earth asteroid 4179 Toutatis at a closest distance of 770 $\pm$ 120 meters from the asteroid's surface. The highest-resolution image, with a resolution of better than 3 meters, reveals new discoveries on the asteroid, e.g., a giant basin at the big end, a sharply perpendicular silhouette near the neck region, and direct evidence of boulders and regolith, which suggests that Toutatis may bear a rubble-pile structure. Toutatis' maximum physical length and width are (4.75 $\times$ 1.95 km) $\pm$10$\%$, respectively, and the direction of the +$z$ axis is estimated to be (250$\pm$5$^\circ$, 63$\pm$5$^\circ$) with respect to the J2000 ecliptic coordinate system. The bifurcated configuration is indicative of a contact binary origin for Toutatis, which is composed of two lobes (head and body). Chang'e-2 observations have significantly improved our understanding of the characteristics, formation, and evolution of asteroids in general.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

CONTROL OF STICKY CONTAMINANTS WITH CATIONIC TALC IN DEINKED PULP

In this study a cationic talc was applied to deinked pulp for control of sticky contaminants. Effects of the cationic talc on stickies and dissolved and colloid substances were investigated and compared with those of a conventional talc. Characteristics of wet-end chemistry were examined for the pulp with addition of both kinds of talc samples. Furthermore, influences on paper properties were also compared. The results showed that the addition of cationic talc can effectively decrease the content of stickies and DCS, while reducing the cationic demand of the pulp, and the turbidity of the filtrate. Deposition of stickies can be reduced by about 63% with the addition of 2.0% cationic talc into the pulp, and the DCS was reduced from 1989 mg/L to 1927 mg/L. Addition of cationic talc significantly increased the ash content of the paper, but it negatively influenced the paper strength properties

Estimation of breed contributions to present and future genetic diversity of 44 North Eurasian cattle breeds using core set diversity measures

v2006o