Surgical Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease of skin, characterized by recurrent draining sinuses and abscesses, predominantly in skin folds carrying terminal hairs and apocrine glands

Antimicrobial activities, pollen diversity and physicochemical properties of natural honey from Southeastern Anatolia of Turkey

Background: Honey, a natural sweetener, is produced from the nectar of many plants. The pollen diversity, physicochemical properties, and antimicrobial activities were analyzed in honey samples from Mardin (Southeastern Anatolia). Methods: The melissopalynological method was used to identify and enumerate the pollen granules. Analytical methods and agar well diffusion assays were employed for the determination of some quality parameters and the antimicrobial potential of honey samples, respectively. Results: The pollen composition consisted of 27 taxa belonging to 13 families. The origins of all honey were determined as the multifloral sources. The most predominant taxa were mainly Hedysarum sp., Carduus sp., Melissa officinalis, Gossypium hirsitum, Paliurus spina-christi, Salix sp. and Pimpinella anisum. The secondary pollen taxa were Hedysarum sp., Trifolium sp., Astragalus sp., Salix sp., Paliurus spina-christi, Asphodeline sp., Centaurea sp., Carduus sp., Zea mays and Cistus sp., respectively. Asphodeline sp. as a secondary pollen taxon in a honey sample could be considered as the first report. The pH, total acidity, brix, refractive index, electrical conductivity, moisture and L, a, b values of the samples varied from 3.75 to 4.28, 30 to 42, 67.3 to 85.70, 1.45 to 1.50, 12.40 to 31.61, 0.24 to 0.90, 47.81 to 57.59, -0.94 to 4.31, 20.37 to 31.28, respectively. Antimicrobial activities of the honey specimens were also effective on five bacterial species and two yeast species. Conclusions: Honey samples from Southeastern Anatolia revealed a good diversity of pollen granules. The rich multiflora of honey increases not only its nutritional quality as well as antimicrobial potential on various clinically important microorganisms.

THE INVESTIGATION OF VISUAL AND AUDITORY REACTION TIME IN RACKET SPORTS BY SKILLS AND SEDENTARY

Objective: Performance in racquet sports is closely related to both physical and psychomotor skills. Reaction time is one of the variables assessed in psychomotor skills and is the primary predictor of psychomotor performance evaluation. This study was designed to compare visual and auditory reaction time between badminton, table tennis and tennis players and non-sport sedentary. In addition, in this study, it was researched whether the gender of the athletes was effective on the response time of the players to auditory and visual stimuli. Methods: The study included 56 volunteers, including 36 athletes and 20 sedentary who actively participated in sports for at least 2 years in the badminton, table tennis and tennis skills between the ages of 18 and 30 years. Age, height, body weight, simple visual reaction time and simple auditory reaction time were measured. Results: When visual and auditory reaction times of racquet athletes and sedentary were compared, there was no significant difference between athletes in different branches, whereas sedentary had significantly higher visual and auditory reaction times than all branches (p <0.05). No significant difference was found between the visual and auditory reaction times according to the genders of the same branch athletes (p> 0,05). However, both visual and auditory reaction times of sedantery women were found to be longer than that of males (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results have led to the belief that racquet sports develop neurocognitive brain functions.  Article visualizations

AMELANOTIC MALIGNANT MELANOMA IN THE LOWER EXTREMITY MIMICKING SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

Amelanotik malign melanom; pigment eksikliği ile karakterize ve klinik olarak tanıda zorluk yaratan ve tedavide gecikmeye yol açabilen sınıflandırılmamış bir melanom alt grubudur. Bu çalışmada da alt ekstremite de klinik olarak epidermoid karsinom ve piyojenik granülomu taklit eden iki amelanotik malign melanom olgusu sunulmuştur. Yanıltıcı klinik görünümleri nedeniyle bu lezyonların eksizyonunun gecikmesi veya benign lezyonlar gibi tedavi edilmesi tümör derinliğinin artmasına ve hayatı tehdit eden bir lezyon haline gelmesine neden olabilir. Amelanotic malignant melanoma that is characterized with lack of melanin pigment in the tumor cells, is an unclassified sub-type of malignant melanoma. Because of the lack of pigmentation, there are difficulties in clinical diagnosis, which can lead delays in the treatment. Two cases of amelanotic malignant melanoma in the lower extremity are reported. These lesions were mimicking epidermoid carcinoma and pyogenic granuloma on the heel . The misleading clinical appearance of this form of cutaneous melanoma can have serious implications for the patient if such a misdiagnosed malignant melanoma is treated as benign lesion. This delay in diagnosis can allow a thin melanoma to become a more invasive, life-threatening lesion

Evaluation of knowledge and attitudes of the faculty of medicine students about human papillomavirus infections, related cancers, and human papillomavirus vaccines

Background and Design: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a non-enveloped DNA virus infecting skin and mucosal surfaces and causes one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Thus, physicians must know about HPV infections, associated cancers, and immunization for public health. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of medical faculty students about HPV infections, related cancers, and vaccines and examine related variables. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study included all students in the first to fifth grades of the faculty of medicine. Data were collected with a two-part questionnaire consisting of 37 questions. Questionnaires were filled voluntarily. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 18.0. Results: The study included 250 medical students, and 52.4% (n=131) were men. While 95.6% (n=239) stated that they were aware of HPV, only 39.2% thought that they had sufficient knowledge. The most important sources of information were lectures and the Internet. Only 3.6% (n=9) of the students had been vaccinated against HPV. The most important reason (58%) for not being vaccinated was not having heard of the HPV vaccine before or not knowing someone who had it, and the other important reason was economics. Nearly 80% of the students thought that HPV vaccines should be included in routine vaccination. While 60% of the students stated that they would get an HPV vaccine if a free vaccine is provided, the lack of sufficient information was cited as the most important reason (45%) against the widespread use. Conclusion: The knowledge of medical school students about HPV infection and vaccines was not very sufficient, and the vaccination rate was low. Our results suggest that HPV-related courses in medical education and reimbursement of vaccines by health authorities require some adjustments in the core education curriculum and national health policies

Use of robust multivariate linear mixed models for estimation of genetic parameters for carcass traits in beef cattle

Assumptions of normality of residuals for carcass evaluation may make inferences vulnerable to the presence of outliers, but heavy-tail densities are viable alternatives to normal distributions and provide robustness against unusual or outlying observations when used to model the densities of residual effects. We compare estimates of genetic parameters by fitting multivariate Normal (MN) or heavy-tail distributions (multivariate Student’s t and multivariate Slash, MSt and MS) for residuals in data of hot carcass weight (HCW), longissimus muscle area (REA) and 12th to 13th rib fat (FAT) traits in beef cattle using 2475 records from 2007 to 2008 from a large commercial operation in Nebraska. Model comparisons using deviance information criteria (DIC) favoured MSt over MS and MN models, respectively. The posterior means (and 95% posterior probability intervals, PPI) of v for the MSt and MS models were 5.89±0.90 (4.35, 7.86) and 2.04±0.18 (1.70, 2.41), respectively. Smaller values of posterior densities of v for MSt and MS models confirm that the assumption of normally distributed residuals is not adequate for the analysis of the data set. Posterior mean (PM) and posterior median (PD) estimates of direct genetic variances were variable with MSt having the highest mean value followed by MS and MN, respectively. Posterior inferences on genetic variance were, however, comparable among the models for FAT. Posterior inference on additive heritabilities for HCW, REA and FAT using MN, MSt and MS models indicated similar and moderate heritability comparable with the literature. Posterior means of genetic correlations for carcass traits were variable but positive except for between REA and FAT, which showed an antagonistic relationship. We have demonstrated that genetic evaluation and selection strategies will be sensitive to the assumed model for residuals