Pakistan lags behind in technical textile

This paper highlights and demonstrates the technical and economical impact of technical textiles in the industrially developed countries and their future contribution to the development of economics of newly developing countries, such as China, South East Asia, and North Africa etc. Pakistan still lags behind in technical textile products as neither the government nor the textile industry has made any serious efforts towards synchronizing textile products with the emerging needs of the world market by developing higher value-added products. Although the textile sector is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy, the Government as well as the textile industry has kept their focus on conventional textiles, ignoring technical textiles and knowledge-based products. A special focus is placed on the application of technical textiles related automotive, medical, construction/civil engineering and sportswear’s fields.

Effect of Fly Ash and Un-crushed Coarse Aggregates on Characteristics of SCC

This research paper discusses the change in the workability and strength characteristics of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) due to addition of fly-ash and use of un-crushed Coarse Aggregate (CA). Laboratory based experimental work was carried out by preparing 12 SCC mixtures among which six mixtures contained crushed aggregate and other six mixtures contained un-crushed coarse aggregate. A total of 550 kg/m3 binder content and fixed Water-Binder (W/B) ratio as 0.35 were used. Two mixtures were controlled by using Portland Cement (PC) and other ten mixtures contained PC and Fly Ash (FA). Slump flow time, slump flow diameter and J-ring height tests were conducted to study the fresh properties of SCC. Furthermore, compressive strength was calculated at 7, 14 and 28 days of curing. The outcomes indicated that the slump flow time, slump flow diameter and J-Ring height for all the mixes are within the limits specified by EFNARC guidelines. The compressive strength of SCCs depends upon dosage of fly ash. Compressive strength for SCCs with crushed CA was better than obtained in case of un-crushed CA. The maximum compressive-strengths were observed as 64.58 MPa and 58.05 MPa for SCC with crushed and un-crushed CA respectively

Effect of using Nylon Fibers in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC)

The self-compacted concrete (SCC) is a special type of concrete which settles down in the formwork and fills its every corner without any use of compaction or vibration. As SCC has higher flow-ability that causes brittle behaviour resulting in poor performance under tension and bending. The inclusion of randomly distributed short and discrete fibers is one of the most effective way to improve the tensile as well as flexural performance of SCC. In this regard this experimental study is undertaken to investigate the effect of nylon fibers (NF) on fresh and hardened properties of SCC. Two different lengths; 20 mm and 12 mm and five different volumetric percentages; 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5% of NF were used. The results revealed that addition of NF slightly affects the fresh properties of SCC. However, the extent of the effect is not of that order to be considered as major factor. The fresh properties for entire mixes lie within the required range according to EFNARC guidelines. The strength properties increases with addition of NF, the extent of increment is greater for the longer length of NF. The optimum volumetric fraction of NF for producing high strength SCC was found as 0.5%. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091734 Full Text: PD

Pakistan lags behind in technical textile

This paper highlights and demonstrates the technical and economical impact of technical textiles in the industrially developed countries and their future contribution to the development of economics of newly developing countries, such as China, South East Asia, and North Africa etc. Pakistan still lags behind in technical textile products as neither the government nor the textile industry has made any serious efforts towards synchronizing textile products with the emerging needs of the world market by developing higher value-added products. Although the textile sector is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy, the Government as well as the textile industry has kept their focus on conventional textiles, ignoring technical textiles and knowledge-based products. A special focus is placed on the application of technical textiles related automotive, medical, construction/civil engineering and sportswear’s fields

Pakistan lags behind in technical textile

This paper highlights and demonstrates the technical and economical impact of technical textiles in the industrially developed countries and their future contribution to the development of economics of newly developing countries, such as China, South East Asia, and North Africa etc. Pakistan still lags behind in technical textile products as neither the government nor the textile industry has made any serious efforts towards synchronizing textile products with the emerging needs of the world market by developing higher value-added products. Although the textile sector is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy, the Government as well as the textile industry has kept their focus on conventional textiles, ignoring technical textiles and knowledge-based products. A special focus is placed on the application of technical textiles related automotive, medical, construction/civil engineering and sportswear’s fields

ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF BUSINESS STUDENTS IN PAKISTAN: MOTIVATIONS AND OBSTACLES

The aim of this study is to examine the entrepreneurial intention of Pakistani business students and the influence of motivators and obstacles of it. Total 637 final year graduates and post graduates business student of Hyderabad and Jamshoro districts participated in the survey. The data was accumulated through self-administrated questionnaires. To measure the reliability, Cronbach’s alpha and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality were employed. Descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, varimax orthogonal rotation method were used to analyze the data. The result showed low degree of entrepreneurial intention amongst business students in Pakistan. They prefer jobs as compare to establish their own business in near future but at the same time they have good intention to start their own business someday. Furthermore, the key motivators recognized by this study are autonomy and employment, whereas capital and risk are significant obstacles. Â

ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF BUSINESS STUDENTS IN PAKISTAN: MOTIVATIONS AND OBSTACLES

The aim of this study is to examine the entrepreneurial intention of Pakistani business students and the influence of motivators and obstacles of it. Total 637 final year graduates and post graduates business student of Hyderabad and Jamshoro districts participated in the survey. The data was accumulated through self-administrated questionnaires. To measure the reliability, Cronbach’s alpha and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality were employed. Descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, varimax orthogonal rotation method were used to analyze the data. The result showed low degree of entrepreneurial intention amongst business students in Pakistan. They prefer jobs as compare to establish their own business in near future but at the same time they have good intention to start their own business someday. Furthermore, the key motivators recognized by this study are autonomy and employment, whereas capital and risk are significant obstacles. 

Non-Operative Management of Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children

Objective: To compare the efficacy of non-surgical conservative management with surgical management in cases of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children. Study design: Prospective comparative study. Settings: Pediatric surgery Department, --removed for blind review---- Study duration: 1st February 2020 to 31st May 2021. Methodology: Ninety patients of either gender with age range from 5-12 years, diagnosed as uncomplicated acute appendicitis, were divided in two groups. Group C patients were managed conservatively with antibiotics (ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg/day, amikacin 10mg/kg/day and metronidazole 22.5 mg/kg/day) and maintenance fluids were started. Patients were observed for improvement or any signs of deterioration. Those who deteriorated within 24 hours were management with surgical management immediately. Follow ups were carried out after discharge at 7th day, 1 month and six months. Patients reporting with recurrence of symptoms were managed with appendicectomy. Group S patients were managed with appendicectomy with open technique. Patients were observed for post-operative complications. Results: Demographic data of both groups was comparable. In group C, 34 (75.56%) patients were successfully treated with conservative management, whereas in group S, 39 (86.67%) were successfully treated with surgical management. The difference was insignificant with a p-value of 0.114. In group C, 5 (11.11%) patients did not respond to conservative management and they were managed with appendicectomy and recurrence of symptoms was seen in 6 (13.33%) patients in group C, they were also managed with appendicectomy. In group S, 6 (13.33%) patients suffered post-operative complications. Mean length of stay in hospital was 4.31±1.20 and 4.09±1.12 days in group C and S respectively. This difference was statistically insignificant with a p-value of 0.368. Conclusion:     It is concluded in our study that uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children can be successfully managed with non-surgical conservative management. Keywords: Acute appendicitis, Appendicectomy, Conservative management, Non-surgical management, Pediatric surgery, Uncomplicated acute appendicitis

Non-Operative Management of Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis in Children

Objective: To compare the efficacy of non-surgical conservative management with surgical management in cases of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children. Study design: Prospective comparative study. Settings: Pediatric surgery Department, --removed for blind review---- Study duration: 1st February 2020 to 31st May 2021. Methodology: Ninety patients of either gender with age range from 5-12 years, diagnosed as uncomplicated acute appendicitis, were divided in two groups. Group C patients were managed conservatively with antibiotics (ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg/day, amikacin 10mg/kg/day and metronidazole 22.5 mg/kg/day) and maintenance fluids were started. Patients were observed for improvement or any signs of deterioration. Those who deteriorated within 24 hours were management with surgical management immediately. Follow ups were carried out after discharge at 7th day, 1 month and six months. Patients reporting with recurrence of symptoms were managed with appendicectomy. Group S patients were managed with appendicectomy with open technique. Patients were observed for post-operative complications. Results: Demographic data of both groups was comparable. In group C, 34 (75.56%) patients were successfully treated with conservative management, whereas in group S, 39 (86.67%) were successfully treated with surgical management. The difference was insignificant with a p-value of 0.114. In group C, 5 (11.11%) patients did not respond to conservative management and they were managed with appendicectomy and recurrence of symptoms was seen in 6 (13.33%) patients in group C, they were also managed with appendicectomy. In group S, 6 (13.33%) patients suffered post-operative complications. Mean length of stay in hospital was 4.31±1.20 and 4.09±1.12 days in group C and S respectively. This difference was statistically insignificant with a p-value of 0.368. Conclusion:     It is concluded in our study that uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children can be successfully managed with non-surgical conservative management. Keywords: Acute appendicitis, Appendicectomy, Conservative management, Non-surgical management, Pediatric surgery, Uncomplicated acute appendicitis