Giant cell tumor-like lesion of the urinary bladder: a report of two cases and literature review; giant cell tumor or undifferentiated carcinoma?

<p>Summary</p> <p>Giant cell tumor, excluding its prototype in bone, is usually a benign but local aggressive neoplasm originating from tendon sheath or soft tissue. Malignant behavior is uncommon. Visceral organ involvement including urinary bladder is rare. Giant cell tumors in visceral organs usually accompany epithelial tumors and the clinical behavior of giant cell tumor in urinary bladder is similar to its bone counterpart. Here, we report two cases of giant cell tumor located in urinary bladder in comparison with nine reported cases in the English literature. Concurrent noninvasive urothelial carcinoma was also described in all these previous reports and only one patient with follow-up died of disease. One of the two cases we present had no concurrent urothelial tumor at the time of diagnosis but had a history of a low grade noninvasive urothelial carcinoma with three recurrences. The histology of these two cases was similar to the giant cell tumor of bone and composed of oval to spindle mononuclear cells with evenly spaced osteoclast-like giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the giant cells showed staining with osteoclastic markers including CD68, TRAP, and LCA. Immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, CD68, LCA, and smooth muscle actin in mononuclear cells supported a mesenchymal origin with histiocytic lineage. The histologic and immunohistochemical properties in our cases as well as their clinical courses were consistent with a giant cell tumor. Consequently, tumors in urinary bladder showing features of giant cell tumor of bone may also be considered and termed "giant cell tumor".</p

Utility investigation of automated techniques in hematopoietic progenitor cell count and viability assessment in the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) settingg

Aim: To compare our parameters as regards: i) cell count via two different automated cell count techniques, and ii) viability via automated trypan blue exclusion and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) staining. Method: We used the trypan blue exclusion technique and an automated cell counter and for viability testing, and the trypan blue exclusion technique and the 7-AAD evaluation by flow cytometry. The trypan blue exclusion and the radio frequency techniques were used for automated cell counting. Flow cytometric analysis was performed by evaluating the yielded cellular products for 7-AAD uptake during the cell count of CD34+ cells. Results: The mean values for cell count were estimated as 3.44±1.22x106/ml (range, 2.48-5.71x106/ml) and 4.14±1.94x106/ml (range, 1.77-7.43x106/ml) for the trypan blue exclusion and radio frequency techniques, respectively. Additionally, the mean values for viability analyses via the automated trypan blue exclusion and 7-AAD were 93.38±6.09% (range, 79.00-98.00%) and 99.49±0.60% (range, 98.40-100.00%), respectively. Conclusions: Our study has responded to two fundamental questions: whether the results of both of the automated techniques for cell count correspond with each other, and whether the results of the automated viability assessment conform those of the 7-AAD technique during the manufacturing processes of cellular therapy products intended for clinical use. Even though we have the opportunity to use the hemocytometer in our laboratory setting, the automated trypan blue exclusion technique gives cell count results in concordance within the range of the expectations of our Quality Management System (QMS)

Breast milk expression as a challenge for mothers of premature infants

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the 11-item Breast Milk Expression Experience Scale and determine the level of breast milk expression experience of mothers after preterm delivery in Turkey. 165 mothers who agreed to participate between February 2019 and March 2020 used the Breast Milk Expression Experience Scale (BMEE-S). The general Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.82 for the BMEE-S. The fit indices calculated by confirmatory factor analysis were χ2 (41) = 87.95, p = .00003, χ2/sd = 2.15, GFI = 0.91, NNFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.08 and SRMR = 0.078. The BMEE-S three-factor structure was verified by the confirmatory factor analysis. The BMEE-S was a valid and reliable instrument for mothers of preterm infants. Multiparity and high-risk pregnancy history negatively affected the milk expression experience, whereas spousal support positively affected it.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? The risk of infectious diseases, obesity, diabetes, and impaired intellectual development increases in children who do not breast milk (Verduci et al. ). International breastfeeding guidelines recommend supporting all mothers to start breastfeeding within one hour of birth, and counselling mothers who are separated from their babies about expressing milk. What the results of this study add? The breast milk expression experience scale is a valid and reliable tool for women who give preterm birth and express milk. The experience of expressing breast milk can affect the amount of milk that passes from mother to baby. Multiparity and high risk pregnancy history of mothers negatively affects the milk expression experience while husband support positively affects the milk expression experience. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our study provides a quantitative examination of the experiences of mothers who are separated from their babies. The BMEE-S should be adapted to different cultures and the experiences of mothers in this process should be determined

Treatment of automotive industry wastewater using anaerobic batch reactors: The influence of substrate/inoculum and molasses/wastewater

WOS: 000381238300063A study of the anaerobic treatment of an automotive-industry wastewater was conducted at mesophilic temperature in batch mode. In this study, molasses was used as a co-substrate. The experiments were carried out with samples prepared in 500 ml bottles using a shaker at 35 degrees C. The concentration of inoculum was prepared to be 5000 mg/L VSS. Substrate-inoculum ratios (SIR) were 0.75 and 1.0. Molasses-wastewater ratios (MWR) were 0.3, 1, and 3. All tests were carried out against controls of inoculum without substrate. A speed of 150 rpm was used for the sample bottles and they were examined daily for chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, total solids, and total gas. The highest COD removal efficiency, 47%, was at SIR=0.75 and MWR=3. The highest total solid material removal efficiency was at SIR=1 and MWR=0.3. The best result in biogas production was at SIR=1 and MWR=0.3 and SIR=0.75 and MWR=3. Monod-, zero-, first-, and second-order kinetic models were used to calculate and define model constants for organic removal rates. Data show a close fit to the Monod kinetic model based on the verification constants (R-2) and other parameters (K-s, D-max, k(0), k(1), and k(2)). (C) 2016 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Cumhuriyet University [M-514]This study was supported by Cumhuriyet University for their financial support of the present study under project No. M-514. Language edition of the manuscript has been made by Language Experts. This work was carried out as a part of the PhD thesis by Oznur Begum Gokcek, completed under the supervision of Dr. M.Sarioglu (Cebeci)

A Resource Based and Context Dependent Model of Firm Competitivenes

In today’s global business environment, competitiveness is very crucial for superior performance in marketplace. In order to survive and be profitable, firms should establish and improve competitive advantage over their competitors. However, competitive advantage is not an easy concept to define and evaluate. Several factors, directly or indirectly, affect and jointly determine the competitive strength of an individual firm. The challenge is the identification of the specific factors, and how and to what extent they affect firm competitiveness. This study addresses these questions through a new model of firm competitiveness which incorporates both the firm specific (internal firm resources) and the environment based determinants (industry and country-related factors) of competitive advantage and specifies how and under which conditions firm resources can lead to competitive advantage and how the industry and the country-related factors can affect the value of firm resources for competitiveness

RESPONSE SURFACE MODELLING FOR REACTIVE DYE REMOVAL USING BIO-SOLIDS: APPLICATION OF BOX-BEHNKEN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

WOS: 000367699000006The removal of reactive dyes is rather difficult by chemical coagulation/flocculation because of strong resistance to biodegradation in aerobic environments. The removal of color from textile wastewater using low-cost adsorbents instead of expensive adsorbents is considered to be an important application of adsorption. In this study, powder-activated sludge was studied for the removal of color from aqueous solutions in a batch system using response surface methodology. Effects of initial pH, initial reactive dye concentration (Everzol Yellow 3RS H/C), contact time, and amount of bio-solid dosage (dried activated sludge) was optimized by using a four-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design for response surface modeling. Experiments were carried out in a lab-scale batch study. Four independent variables (initial pH: 2-8, initial concentration of dye ions (Co): 25-200 mg/L, contact time (tc): 10-180 min, and bio-solid amount (m): 1-15 g/L) were labeled as A, B, C, and D at three levels (-1, 0, 1), and a second-order polynomial regression equation was used to predict responses. The variables were tested by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal conditions were found to be pH = 2, Co = 200 mg/L, tc = 95 min, and m = 0.8 g/100 ml for which EY3RS removal was 92.75%. The results show that dye concentrations, bio-solid amount, and contact time are the most important factors in color removal. All factors showed combined effects on dye removal

Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Version of Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale

YUCEYAR, NUR/0000-0003-4590-6423; Erbay Dalli, Oznur/0000-0003-2282-0846WOS: 000534336200009PubMed: 32282487OBJECTIVE This study aimed to establish the equivalence, reliability, and validity of the Multiple Sclerosis Self-Management Scale Turkish Version (MSSM-T). METHODS This methodological study consisted of 240 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who were followed in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital between October 2016 and April 2017. Data were collected using the demographic characteristics form and the 24-item MSSM-T. Language equivalence, content validity, and construct validity methods were used for the validity of the scale; internal consistency, item analysis, and test-retest methods were used for the reliability. Explanatory factor analysis was used for construct validity, and principal component analysis and varimax rotation were used in the analysis of factor structure. RESULTS the item-total correlations for the Turkish version were found to be sufficient (between 0.238 and 0.674). the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was 0.85, indicating high reliability. the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.84, indicating high consistency. the Turkish version was found to have 5 factors for the 24 items (F1, healthcare provider relationship/communication; F2, knowledge and information about MS; F3, treatment adherence/barriers; F4, maintaining health behavior; and F5, social/family support), which accounted for the 62.584% of the characteristics in question. CONCLUSION the MSSM-T is valid and reliable in determining the self-management behaviors of patients with MS for Turkish patients

The shrinkage effect of formalin on renal cell carcinoma: Does it change the stages?

Objective: To determine the shrinkage effect of formalin on renal cell carcinoma. Method: The retrospective study was conducted from October to November 2020 at Tekirdag Namil kemal University, Turkey and comprised all radical and partial nephrectomy cases performed by a single surgeon in a single clinic between January 2014 and August 2020. Preoperative images and postoperative pathology were reviewed by the same clinician. Preoperative longest tumour diameter of radiological images and pathological specimens measured after formalin fixation shrinkage were compared, and the effect of the difference between the two measurements on the circumference of the tumour was examined. The formalin related shrinkage rates of renal tumours according to the tumour size and the tumour types were also analysed. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 101 cases, 58(57.4%) were of radical and 43(42.6%) of partial nephrectomy. Also, there were 77(76.2%) renal cell carcinoma cases, 22(21.8%) benign renal tumours and 2(1.9%) had other malignant tumours. There were 59(58.4%) males and 42(41.6%) females with an overall mean age of 58.1±12,2 years (range: 30-82 years). The mean radiological size of the renal tumours was 55.3±30.4mm and it was 52.9±31.6mm at pathological examination (p>0.05). Conclusion: Formalin fixation of tissues post-surgery caused a difference between the radiological and pathological dimensions. Though the difference was no significant, under-staging due to the shrinkage post-surgery should be considered. Key Words: Renal tumours, Tissue shrinkage, Formalin, radiological dimension, Pathological dimension. ---Continu

Cytological features of pure micropapillary carcinoma of various organs: A report of eight cases

Micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) is a rare aggressive tumor, which generally accompanies the primary carcinoma of the organ of its origin, while the pure form is extremely uncommon. Angiolymphatic involvement is widespread and a considerable proportion of the cases present with metastases. The current study presents eight pure MPC cases arising from the breast (n=3), urinary bladder (n=3), parotid gland (n=1) and lung (n=1, presenting with pericardial effusion), with the cytological findings. The eight patients included three female and five male cases aged between 48 and 74 years. The most common cytological findings were three-dimensional aggregates, cell clusters with angulated or scalloped borders, single cells with a columnar configuration and eccentric nuclei, and high-grade nuclear features. Histopathological sections showed accompanying in situ ductal carcinoma in the cases of MPC arising in the parotid gland and breast (n=3), and one case in the bladder exhibited only in situ MPC. The average follow-up period was 20 months (range, 6-54 months) and, during this period, three patients succumbed to the disease. At present, four patients are alive with disease and one patient is alive and disease-free. In conclusion, cytology is an important tool for the diagnosis and management of MPC

Lichen nitidus presenting with trachyonychia

[No Abstract Available