Study of the electrodes length influence on the trajectories of water droplets dispersed in oil and affected by non-uniform electric field

The paper presents the results of numerical modelling of the processes accompanying movement of drop viscous media (water) in oil under the influence of exterior forces of the electric and dynamic nature. Systematic calculations of influence on the electric field heterogeneity drops, created by a symmetric and asymmetrical configuration of electrodes are carried out both in inter electrode and behind electrode areas taking into account a complex operation of dielectrophoresis forces, buoyancies and drag, as well as the variability of electrode sizes. The analysis of drop movement trajectories shows that the asymmetrical configuration of electrodes can be applied for an electro-coalescence intensification of water-in-oil emulsion. Correctness of calculations of the mathematical model and numerical methods are confirmed by good results if compared with the available data of the other authors

Moving metals IV: Swords, metal sources and trade networks in Bronze Age Europe

European Bronze Age swords had high functional and symbolic value, and therefore they are an interesting case for approaching questions of provenance and trade in Bronze Age Europe. It is often assumed that there is a strong affinity between metal supplies and artefact type. However, this study demonstrates that metal supply and sword types are mostly unrelated. In this paper we present a comparative provenance study of 118 Bronze Age swords, which includes lead isotope and trace elemental data for swords from Scandinavia, Germany and Italy dated between 1600 and 1100 BCE. About 70% of the swords have been analysed and published before while about 30% have been sampled and analysed for this study. The chronology and geography of the deposited swords indicate that the different regions relied on different metal trade routes which changed during the course of the Bronze Age. The analytical data indicates that the largest variation of the origin of copper is in the period of 1600\u20131500 BCE, when copper ores from Wales, Austria and Slovakia constituted the major copper sources for the swords. There is a visible change around 1500 BCE, when copper mines in the Italian Alps become the main suppliers for Scandinavian and Italian swords, while swords from Germany were foremost based on copper from Slovakia and Austria. Further, in the period 1300\u20131100 BCE the sources in the Italian Alps became the dominant supplier of copper for the swords in all regions discussed here

Life stage dissolution’ in Anglo-American advertising and popular culture: Kidults, Lil’ Britneys and Middle Youths

The ‘long road to adulthood’ that supposedly now characterizes the period from the teens to the late twenties (for individuals in developed countries) has been the subject of much recent media and academic commentary. This paper adopts a sociological perspective to review and critique this commentary, and in particular the argument made by certain developmental psychologists that the period between adolescence and fully-fledged adulthood is now distinct enough to constitute a new stage in the life cycle known as ‘emerging adulthood’. In contrast, it is argued that, rather than anything as significant as a new life stage, what is actually happening is the erosion of established ones. To illustrate this point, the article introduces the new theoretical concept of ‘life stage dissolution’ (and its attendant bi-directional processes of ‘adultification’ and ‘infantilization’) – a blurring (or more accurately merging) process that makes it increasingly difficult for young people to differentiate and disassociate themselves from the generation immediately ahead of them, and indeed vice versa. The paper argues that, whilst this process takes a number of cultural/psychosocial forms, it is at its most prominent in contemporary Anglo-American advertising and marketing practices that actively seek to erode traditionally demarcated adult and childhood roles, differences, and oppositions as a new and distinct message within contemporary consumerism