Molecular characterization of mulberry genotypes and species in Turkey

Mulberries are one of the most important traditional fruit in Turkey and either consumed fresh or processed into several traditional products. Mulberry trees (genotypes) belong to Morus alba L., Morus nigra L., and Morus rubra L. shows high phenotypic diversity. In this study, 26 genotypes of Morus nigra, 21 genotypes of Morus rubra and 26 genotypes and landraces of Morus alba sampled from different parts of eastern Anatolia region in Turkey were fingerprinted using 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Among SSR markers, the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 (SS01, SS05) to 11 (MulSTR3) with an average of 5.19. A total of 83 alleles were obtained for the 16 SSR markers. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.43 to 0.84 with an average of 0.61 per locus. In this study, MulSTR3, MulSTR5, MulSTR6, SS04 and SS20 were found to be the most useful SSR markers to detect genetic differences between mulberry species, genotypes and landraces. Genetic similarity ratio ranged from 0.24 to 0.94 with a mean similarity value of 0.41 indicating a high level of polymorphism among the mulberry species, genotypes and landraces. Clustering based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient and an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) revealed 3 main clusters that corresponded with species. The results of the present study indicate that white mulberry landraces and genotypes were more diverse than the red and black mulberry genotypes. Therefore, white mulberry genotypes can be a good source for the mulberry-breeding programme due to its better genetic diversity as well as its high economical and yield properties

Phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of some grape accessions (<i>Vitis</i> spp.) native to Eastern Anatolia of Turkey

Phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of four historical grape accessions (‘Kuzu Kuyrugu’, ‘Miskali’, ‘Erkek miskali’, and ‘Kirmizi Kismisi’) grown in Igdir province located in Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey were examined. Levels of vitamin C, organic acids (citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid), sugars (fructose, glucose), phenolic acids (catechin, rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic  acid, ferulic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, and gallic acid), and antioxidant capacity (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant capacity, TEAC assay) were determined. Accession was found to be important source of variation for all the parameters identified above (P<0.01). Among the grape accessions analyzed, ‘Kuzu Kuyrugu’ had the predominant vitamin C (47.19 mg/100 g), chlorogenic acid (2.687 mg/L), ferulic acid (1.303 mg/L), o-coumaric acid (1.317 mg/L), and syringic acid content (1.687 mg/L). The highest citric acid (55.360 mg/L), fructose (10.36 g/100g), glucose (11.51 g/100g), and catechin (1.353 mg/L) were recorded in ‘Miskali’ genotype. ‘Kirmizi Kismisi’ was determined to be the accession with the highest tartaric acid (21.29 mg/L), succinic acid (0.94 mg/L), and caffeic acid (2.137 mg/L) levels. ‘Erkek Miskali’ accession produced the paramount contents for fumaric acid (0.42 mg/L), rutin (2.477 mg/L), quercetin (0.447 mg/L), and vanillic acid (0.313 mg/L). The investigated grape genotypes showed notable levels of sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds. These accessions could be valuable in breeding programs for improving grape quality and nutrition, as well as enhancing commercial worth and production of the grapes in Igdir province of Turkey.

Phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of some grape accessions (Vitis spp.) native to Eastern Anatolia of Turkey

Phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of four historical grape accessions (‘Kuzu Kuyrugu’, ‘Miskali’, ‘Erkek Miskali’, and ‘Kirmizi Kismis’) grown in Igdir province located in Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey were examined. The amount of vitamin C, organic acids (citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid), sugars (fructose and glucose), phenolic acids (catechin, rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, and gallic acid), and antioxidant capacity (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant capacity, TEAC assay) were determined. Accession was found to be important source of variation for all the parameters identified above (P<0.01). Among the grape accessions analyzed, ‘Kuzu Kuyrugu’ had the predominant vitamin C (47.19 mg/100 g), chlorogenic acid (2.687 mg/L), ferulic acid (1.303 mg/L), o-coumaric acid (1.317 mg/L), and syringic acid content (1.687 mg/L). The highest citric acid (0.873 g/L), fructose (10.36 g/100g), glucose (11.51 g/100g), and catechin (1.353 mg/L) were recorded in ‘Miskali’ accession. ‘Kirmizi Kismis’ was determined to be the accession with the highest tartaric acid (10.80 g/L), succinic acid (0.94 g/L), and caffeic acid (2.137 mg/L) levels. ‘Erkek Miskali’ accession produced the paramount contents for fumaric acid (0.0042 g/L), rutin (2.477 mg/L), quercetin (0.447 mg/L), and vanillic acid (0.313 mg/L). The investigated grape accessions showed notable levels of sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds. These accessions could be valuable in breeding programs for improving grape quality and nutrition, as well as enhancing commercial worth and production of the grapes in Igdir province of Turkey.This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Association for Applied Botany e. V. The published article can be found at: http://pub.jki.bund.de/index.php/JABFQ/index

An Improved Tissue Culture Medium for Hazelnuts

14th Quadrennial Congress of the International-Association-of-Plant-Biotechnology (IAPB), AUG 19-24, 2018, Dublin, IRELANDWOS: 000440289900158…Int Assoc Plant Biotechnol, Univ Coll Cork, Dow AgroSciences, Environm Protect Agcy, Springer Nature, Teagasc, Wile

Using the CHAID Data Mining Algorithm for Tissue Culture Medium Optimization.

WOS: 000376926800163

MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL DIVERSITY IN Rosa SPECIES

The Rosa L. is one of the widely grown plants in the world and its flowers and fruits has been used in different parts of the world for centuries. Wild grown Rosa plants is one of the most important element of the natural landscape and used as rootstock for roses for centuries as well. In this study the main flower, shrub and fruit characteristics of a large number of Rosa canina L. and Rosa dumalis Bechst. genotypes naturally found in Ardahan province of Turkey has been studied. All plants found very health conditions and indicated their strong defense mechanism of the genera to harsh abiotic and biotic conditions. The majority of genotypes had attractive flowers. The genotypes exhibited fruit mass between 2.81 g to 4.60 g. SSC (soluble solid content), vitamin C, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total carotenoid, and total anthocyanin content of the genotypes ranged from 15.8-20.6%, 502-714 mg per 100 g FW (fresh weight), 405-507 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g FW, 1.02-2.00 mg per g FW, 8.40-13.30 mg per g FW and 4.35-6.98 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent per liter, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined between 22.3-30.9 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per g fresh weight. Chlorogenic acid was the major phenolic acids in fruits of Rosa ecotypes. Our results indicated promising perspectives for usage of R. canina and R. dumalis fresh fruits studied with considerable levels of bioactive compounds

Improved Statistical Analysis for Projecting Mineral Nutrient Ranges

In Vitro Biology Meeting of the Society-for-In-Vitro-Biology (SIVB), JUN 02-06, 2018, St Louis, MOWOS: 000440293300037…Soc In Vitro Bio

Phytochemical Profiles of Wild Grown Blackberry and Mulberry in Turkey

WOS: 000372940400001Blackberry and mulberry are main berry crops grown in Black Sea region mostly in humid shade forest areas and its important for local people's diet and also important for the maintenance of their health and prevention of disease. Present study aimed to determine the content of vitamin C, organic acids (citric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid), sugars (glucose and fructose) and phenolic compounds (catechin, rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, and gallic acid), as well as antioxidant capacity (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity, TEAC assay) in the wild grown blackberry and mulberry fruit. Among phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid was the predominant for all wild grown blackberries, white and black mulberries. The presence of oxalic acid was only detected in the wild blackberry genotype. As a result, the phytochemical recognition of the wild grown blackberry, black and white mulberries might contribute to forthcoming investigations for developing the efficiency of food industry

Field trials in genome edited plants: a bibliometric approach

We have performed bibliometric analysis on field trials of genome edited plants utilizing Scopus and Web of Science core collections. All documents published until May, 2023 were extracted. The final bibliographic data consisted of 39 publications after merging both databases and removing duplicates. Bibliometrix package and Biblioshiny interface available in R studio were utilized to perform the bibliometric analysis. The documents were published in various sources (38) with diverse scopes. Frontiers in Plant Science and Plant Biotechnology Journal were the most active followed by Research Journal of Biotechnology. India and the USA were the leading countries on the topic. The Sankey plot demonstrated that besides publishing on genome editing and field trials, the USA was also publishing in CRISPR/Cas9, acrylamide and biosafety as sub-topics. India was also associated with acrylamide. Acrylamide as a keyword and sub-topic was published in Plant Biotechnology Journal based on our data collection. The most frequent keywords displayed with the word cloud following gene/genome editing and field trials were CRISPR, CRISPR/Cas9, genetic engineering, acrylamide, agronomic traits, biosafety, biotechnology, and crop productivity

Sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds of ancient grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) from Igdir province of Eastern Turkey

BACKGROUND: The Eurasian grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is the most widely cultivated and economically important horticultural crop in the world. As a one of the origin area, Anatolia played an important role in the diversification and spread of the cultivated form V. vinifera ssp. vinifera cultivars and also the wild form V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris ecotypes. Although several biodiversity studies have been conducted with local cultivars in different regions of Anatolia, no information has been reported so far on the biochemical (organic acids, sugars, phenolic acids, vitamin C) and antioxidant diversity of local historical table V. vinifera cultivars grown in Igdir province. In this work, we studied these traits in nine local table grape cultivars viz. 'Beyaz Kismis' (synonym name of Sultanina or Thompson seedless), 'Askeri', 'El Hakki', 'Kirmizi Kismis', 'Inek Emcegi', 'Hacabas', 'Kerim Gandi', 'Yazen Dayi', and 'Miskali' spread in the Igdir province of Eastern part of Turkey. RESULTS: Variability of all studied parameters is strongly influenced by cultivars (P < 0.01). Among the cultivars investigated, 'Miskali' showed the highest citric acid content (0.959 g/l) while 'Kirmizi Kismis' produced predominant contents in tartaric acid (12.71 g/l). The highest glucose (16.47 g/100 g) and fructose (15.55 g/100 g) contents were provided with 'Beyaz Kismis'. 'Kirmizi Kismis' cultivar had also the highest quercetin (0.55 mg/l), o-coumaric acid (1.90 mg/l), and caffeic acid (2.73 mg/l) content. The highest ferulic acid (0.94 mg/l), and syringic acid (2.00 mg/l) contents were observed with 'Beyaz Kismis' cultivar. The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained as 9.09 μmol TE g-1 from 'Inek Emcegi' in TEAC (Trolox equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) assay. 'Hacabas' cultivar had the highest vitamin C content of 35.74 mg/100 g. CONCLUSIONS: Present results illustrated that the historical table grape cultivars grown in Igdir province of Eastern part of Turkey contained diverse and valuable sugars, organic acids, phenolic acids, Vitamin C values and demonstrated important antioxidant capacity for human health benefits. Further preservation and use of this gene pool will be helpful to avoid genetic erosion and to promote continued agriculture in the region