10,173 research outputs found
Cavity-Enhanced Ultrafast Transient Absorption Spectroscopy
We present a new technique using a frequency comb laser and optical cavities
for performing ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy with improved
sensitivity. Resonantly enhancing the probe pulses, we demonstrate a
sensitivity of OD = 1 \times 10^{-9}/\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}} for averaging
times as long as 30 s per delay point (OD).
Resonantly enhancing the pump pulses allows us to produce a high excitation
fraction at high repetition-rate, so that signals can be recorded from samples
with optical densities as low as OD , or column densities molecules/cm. This high sensitivity enables new directions for
ultrafast spectroscopy
Note on improvement precision of recursive function simulation in floating point standard
An improvement on precision of recursive function simulation in IEEE floating
point standard is presented. It is shown that the average of rounding towards
negative infinite and rounding towards positive infinite yields a better result
than the usual standard rounding to the nearest in the simulation of recursive
functions. In general, the method improves one digit of precision and it has
also been useful to avoid divergence from a correct stationary regime in the
logistic map. Numerical studies are presented to illustrate the method.Comment: DINCON 2017 - Conferencia Brasileira de Dinamica, Controle e
Aplicacoes - Sao Jose do Rio Preto - Brazil. 8 page
Cross-shelf circulation and momentum and heat balances over the inner continental shelf near Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2007.The water circulation and evolution of water temperature over the inner continental
shelf are investigated using observations of water velocity, temperature, density, and
bottom pressure; surface gravity waves; wind stress; and heat flux between the ocean
and atmosphere during 2001-2007.
When waves are small, cross-shelf wind stress is the dominant mechanism driving
cross-shelf circulation. The along-shelf wind stress does not drive a substantial cross-shelf
circulation. The response to a given wind stress is stronger in summer than
winter. The cross-shelf transport in the surface layer during winter agrees with a
two-dimensional, unstratified model. During large waves and onshore winds the cross-shelf
velocity is nearly vertically uniform, because the wind- and wave-driven shears
cancel. During large waves and offshore winds the velocity is strongly vertically
sheared because the wind- and wave-driven shears have the same sign.
The subtidal, depth-average cross-shelf momentum balance is a combination of
geostrophic balance and a coastal set-up and set-down balance driven by the cross-shelf
wind stress. The estimated wave radiation stress gradient is also large. The
dominant along-shelf momentum balance is between the wind stress and pressure
gradient, but the bottom stress, acceleration, Coriolis, Hasselmann wave stress, and
nonlinear advection are not negligible. The
fluctuating along-shelf pressure gradient is
a local sea level response to wind forcing, not a remotely generated pressure gradient.
In summer, the water is persistently cooled due to a mean upwelling circulation.
The cross-shelf heat
flux nearly balances the strong surface heating throughout midsummer,
so the water temperature is almost constant. The along-shelf heat
flux
divergence is apparently small. In winter, the change in water temperature is closer
to that expected due to the surface cooling. Heat transport due to surface gravity
waves is substantial.My last three years of thesis work were supported by National Aeronautics and
Space Administration Headquarters under the Earth System Science Fellowship Grant
NNG04GQ14H, and by WHOI Academic Programs Fellowship Funds. I also benefited
from the freedom of a Clare Boothe Luce Fellowship during my first year in the Joint
Program, which allowed me more time than is usual to explore different research
topics before choosing an advisor.
This research was also funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
under grant NNG04GL03G and the Ocean Sciences Division of the National
Science Foundation under grants OCE-0241292 and OCE-0548961. The Martha's
Vineyard Coastal Observatory is partly funded by the Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution and the Jewett/EDUC/Harrison Foundation. The ADCP deployments at
CBLAST site F were funded by National Science Foundation Small Grant for Exploratory
Research OCE-0337892. Ship time for deployment and recovery of the F
ADCP was provided by Robert Weller through Office of Naval Research contracts
N00014-01-1-0029 and N00014-05-10090 for the Low-Wind Component of the Coupled
Boundary Layers Air-Sea Transfer Experiment
Shame in the Supervisory Hour: Do Supervisors Sense What is Hidden?
Shame inevitably arises for psychologists in training, as they are required to expose potential mistakes or oversights in their personal and professional selves (Hahn, 2001). However, studies show that shame impedes superviseeâs willingness to disclose information to the supervisor, especially regarding clinical difficulties (Ladany et al., 1996; Yourman, 2003) or concerns with professional competence (Ladany & Lehrman-Waterman, 1999). The presence of shame in supervision threatens the assumption of most supervision models: supervisees will willingly disclose pertinent information (Falender & Shafranske, 2004). Fortunately, strong supervisory relationships can buffer negative emotions and supervisors can encourage disclosures (Hess et al., 2008). Utilizing qualitative research methods, this study used Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to examine the interviews of 8 psychologists who have experience supervising clinical and counseling psychology graduate students. The results provide common experiences that supervisors face when dealing with shame within supervision, how they recognize shame, how one might intervene, and what they did to help manage their own uncomfortable feelings. Seven superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: (a) learning how to supervise and manage shame, (b) the supervisory relationship is a protective factor, (c) factors that lead to shame in and out of the supervision room, (d) recognizing shame through nonverbal and verbal cues, (e) âWe need to talk about it,â (f) shame can help and hinder growth, (g) feeling stuck. The author applies participantsâ reactions to shame to Nathansonâs (1992) âCompass of Shameâ theory and implications for supervisory practice are discussed
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