16,981 research outputs found
Heterotic free fermionic and symmetric toroidal orbifold models
Free fermionic models and symmetric heterotic toroidal orbifolds both
constitute exact backgrounds that can be used effectively for phenomenological
explorations within string theory. Even though it is widely believed that for
Z2xZ2 orbifolds the two descriptions should be equivalent, a detailed
dictionary between both formulations is still lacking. This paper aims to fill
this gap: We give a detailed account of how the input data of both descriptions
can be related to each other. In particular, we show that the generalized GSO
phases of the free fermionic model correspond to generalized torsion phases
used in orbifold model building. We illustrate our translation methods by
providing free fermionic realizations for all Z2xZ2 orbifold geometries in six
dimensions.Comment: 1+49 pages latex, minor revisions and references adde
A rapid, two step construction of novel C<SUB>48</SUB>H<SUB>24</SUB> and C<SUB>54</SUB>H<SUB>24</SUB> polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons represented on the C<SUB>60</SUB>-fullerene surface via a threefold intramolecular heck coupling reaction
In a new approach towards deeper, higher order 'bucky bowls', two step syntheses of novel polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, C48H24 and C54H24, having 13 and 16 rings, respectively, from readily available precursors and involving threefold palladium mediated intramolecular Heck coupling as the pivotal step is described
Bucky-bowls: a general approach to benzocorannulenes: synthesis of mono-, di- and tri-benzocorannulenes
We outline a conceptually simple and general route to bowl-shaped benzocorannulenes based on readily assembled PAHs which on flash vacuum pyrolysis result in the sequential formation of a five- and six-membered ring; following this approach, syntheses of mono-, di- and tri-benzocorannulenes have been achieved
Magnetic susceptibility of ultra-small superconductor grains
For assemblies of superconductor nanograins, the magnetic response is
analyzed as a function of both temperature and magnetic field. In order to
describe the interaction energy of electron pairs for a huge number of
many-particle states, involved in calculations, we develop a simple
approximation, based on the Richardson solution for the reduced BCS Hamiltonian
and applicable over a wide range of the grain sizes and interaction strengths
at arbitrary distributions of single-electron energy levels in a grain. Our
study is focused upon ultra-small grains, where both the mean value of the
nearest-neighbor spacing of single-electron energy levels in a grain and
variations of this spacing from grain to grain significantly exceed the
superconducting gap in bulk samples of the same material. For these ultra-small
superconductor grains, the overall profiles of the magnetic susceptibility as a
function of magnetic field and temperature are demonstrated to be qualitatively
different from those for normal grains. We show that the analyzed signatures of
pairing correlations are sufficiently stable with respect to variations of the
average value of the grain size and its dispersion over an assembly of
nanograins. The presence of these signatures does not depend on a particular
choice of statistics, obeyed by single-electron energy levels in grains.Comment: 40 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B, E-mail addresses:
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Solitons in the Calogero model for distinguishable particles
We consider a large two-family Calogero model in the Hamiltonian,
collective-field approach. The Bogomol'nyi limit appears and the corresponding
solutions are given by the static-soliton configurations. Solitons from
different families are localized at the same place. They behave like a paired
hole and lump on the top of the uniform vacuum condensates, depending on the
values of the coupling strengths. When the number of particles in the first
family is much larger than that of the second family, the hole solution goes to
the vortex profile already found in the one-family Calogero model.Comment: 14 pages, no figures, late
Large Deviations of Extreme Eigenvalues of Random Matrices
We calculate analytically the probability of large deviations from its mean
of the largest (smallest) eigenvalue of random matrices belonging to the
Gaussian orthogonal, unitary and symplectic ensembles. In particular, we show
that the probability that all the eigenvalues of an (N\times N) random matrix
are positive (negative) decreases for large N as \exp[-\beta \theta(0) N^2]
where the parameter \beta characterizes the ensemble and the exponent
\theta(0)=(\ln 3)/4=0.274653... is universal. We also calculate exactly the
average density of states in matrices whose eigenvalues are restricted to be
larger than a fixed number \zeta, thus generalizing the celebrated Wigner
semi-circle law. The density of states generically exhibits an inverse
square-root singularity at \zeta.Comment: 4 pages Revtex, 4 .eps figures included, typos corrected, published
versio
Study of metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome
Background: Objective of the study was to measure the efficacy and safety of insulin sensitizing drug metformin in reversing the metabolic and endocrine disturbances in fifty women with polycystic ovarian disease.Methods: The study was performed on 57 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology, V. S. General Hospital, Ahmedabad. Metformin 500 mg thrice daily was given until the cysts disappeared which was taken as the end point of the study. Follicular studies were done to check the effect of metformin on ovulation. Significance was tested by paired t test and p value calculated.Results: Metformin was found effective in regressing polycystic changes in ovary, regularization of menstrual cycles and improving ovulation.Conclusions: The present study shows that metformin has a beneficial role in effective management of PCOS.
Negative moments of characteristic polynomials of random GOE matrices and singularity-dominated strong fluctuations
We calculate the negative integer moments of the (regularized) characteristic
polynomials of N x N random matrices taken from the Gaussian Orthogonal
Ensemble (GOE) in the limit as . The results agree nontrivially
with a recent conjecture of Berry & Keating motivated by techniques developed
in the theory of singularity-dominated strong fluctuations. This is the first
example where nontrivial predictions obtained using these techniques have been
proved.Comment: 13 page
Baker-Akhiezer functions and generalised Macdonald-Mehta integrals
For the rational Baker-Akhiezer functions associated with special
arrangements of hyperplanes with multiplicities we establish an integral
identity, which may be viewed as a generalisation of the self-duality property
of the usual Gaussian function with respect to the Fourier transformation. We
show that the value of properly normalised Baker-Akhiezer function at the
origin can be given by an integral of Macdonald-Mehta type and explicitly
compute these integrals for all known Baker-Akhiezer arrangements. We use the
Dotsenko-Fateev integrals to extend this calculation to all deformed root
systems, related to the non-exceptional basic classical Lie superalgebras.Comment: 26 pages; slightly revised version with minor correction
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