Control of swelling and release rate of electrospray fabricated calcium alginate microparticles by freeze-thaw cycles

To improve structure of the electrospray fabricated calcium alginate microhydrogels in order to control the swelling and release properties, Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) PVP were used and structure of the microhydrogels were reinforced by two freezing and thawing cycles. The particles did not show any swelling in HCl (pH=1.2). Swelling in the phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) showed amending effect of PVA and PVP and freeze-thaw cycles on the particles. In phosphate buffer media the freeze dried calcium alginate particles (ALG), the particles which improved by PVA and PVP (FD) and particles reinforced by freeze-thaw cycles (FT) showed swelling of 244.65, 152.15 and 126.34% respectively after 8 hours. On the other hand release rate of caffeine as a hydrophilic compound delayed in the FD and FT particles. According to the FTIR spectra, caffeine was entrapped physically in the particles. Results showed that calcium alginate particles reinforced with PVA and PVP especially those were undergone on freeze-thaw cycles could be applied for more efficient encapsulating of bioactive compounds without any chemical cross-linkers

Treatment of eccrine porocarcinoma with metastasis to the parotid gland using intensity-modulated radiation therapy: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Cutaneous eccrine porocarcinomas are uncommon malignant tumors of the sweat gland.</p> <p>Case Presentation</p> <p>A 76-year-old Caucasian man presented to our hospital with a left temporal mass. We describe a case of eccrine porocarcinoma with metastasis to the parotid gland with special emphasis on the role of surgical resection and adjuvant radiation therapy.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Besides surgical resection, little is known about the role of adjuvant therapy in managing eccrine porocarcinomas. Radiation therapy should be considered within a multidisciplinary approach in patients with primary or recurrent eccrine porocarcinomas.</p

Metastatic eccrine porocarcinoma: report of a case and review of the literature

Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare type of skin cancer arising from the intraepidermal portion of eccrine sweat glands or acrosyringium, representing 0.005-0.01% of all cutaneous tumors. About 20% of EPC will recur and about 20% will metastasize to regional lymph nodes. There is a mortality rate of 67% in patients with lymph node metastases. Although rare, the occurrence of distant metastases has been reported

Benign follicular tumors

Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or several portions of the normal hair follicle, or recapitulate part of its embryological development. Most cases present it as clinically nondescript single lesions and essentially of dermatological relevance. Occasionally, however, these lesions be multiple and represent a cutaneous marker of complex syndromes associated with an increased risk of visceral neoplasms. In this article, the authors present the microscopic structure of the normal hair follicle as a basis to understand the type and level of differentiation of the various follicular tumors. The main clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of benign follicular tumors are then discussed, including dilated pore of Winer, pilar sheath acanthoma, trichoadenoma, trichilemmoma, infundibuloma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor, trichoblastoma and its variants, pilomatricoma, trichodiscoma/fibrofolliculoma, neurofollicular hamartoma and trichofolliculoma. In addition, the main syndromes presenting with multiple follicular tumors are also discussed, namely Cowden, Birt-Hogg-Dubé, Rombo and Bazex-Dupré-Christol syndromes, as well as multiple tumors of follicular infundibulum (infundibulomatosis) and multiple trichoepitheliomas. Although the diagnosis of follicular tumors relies on histological examination, we highlight the importance of their knowledge for the clinician, especially when in presence of patients with multiple lesions that may be the cutaneous marker of a cancer-prone syndrome. The dermatologist is therefore in a privileged position to recognize these lesions, which is extremely important to provide further propedeutic, appropriate referral and genetic counseling for these patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cutaneous lesions of the external ear

Skin diseases on the external aspect of the ear are seen in a variety of medical disciplines. Dermatologists, othorhinolaryngologists, general practitioners, general and plastic surgeons are regularly consulted regarding cutaneous lesions on the ear