مقایسه حقوق بیمار در پندنامه علی بن عباس مجوسی اهوازی با اخلاق پزشکی نوین

One of the known Iranian physicians in the period after Islam advent was Ali Ebn Abbas Majusi-e-Ahvazi who, in his famous book (Kamel-al sanae) one chapter to medical ethics, and his written a affidavit that is more comprehensive than Boghrat oaths. It seems that Ahvazi added principals according to Islamic to this book. These teaching have been a more perfect over time. The aim of present analytical-review article is to compare Ali Ebn Majusi-e-Ahvazi affidavits to patient rights prisms from ministry of health of Islamic republic of Iran. In this article in order to achieving comprehensive comparison, we divided to seven approaches (physicians characteristics and behavior, giving health services and physicians decision for treatment, giving information and patients decision, secrecy, privacy policy, medical emergency, physicians up to date information) and has been investigated. Major part of affidavit and prism topics are identical but other cases which are noticed in affidavit, but not in prism are more relevant to topics such as personal behavior and medic his owns personality.از پزشکان معروف ایران در دوران بعد از اسلام علی بن عباس مجوسی اهوازی است که در اثر معروف خود کامل الصناعه بابی را به اخلاق پزشکی اختصاص داده و پندنامه‌ای را به نگارش درآورده که از سوگندنامه بقراط جامع‌تر است و به نظر می‌رسد که اهوازی با توجه به تعالی اسلامی، اصولی به آن افزوده است. این تعالیم به مرور زمان کامل‌تر شده و امروزه به صورت منشور حقوق بیماران مطرح است. هدف مطالعه مروری و تحلیلی حاضر، مقایسه پندنامه علی بن مجوسی اهوازی با منشور حقوق بیماران ابلاغ‌شده از سوی وزارت بهداشت و درمان جمهوری اسلامی ایران به مراکز درمانی است. در این مقاله به منظور مقایسه‌ای جامع،هفت رویکرد (ویژگی‌ها و نحوه رفتار پزشک، ارائه خدمات و تصمیم‌گیری پزشک برای درمان، ارائه اطلاعات و تصمیم‌گیری بیمار، رازداری، حریم خصوصی، موارد حاد پزشکی و اطلاعات کامل و به‌روز پزشک) در نظر گرفته شده که بر اساس این رویکردها ارزیابی و مقایسه انجام شده است. قسمت عمده موضوعات پندنامه و منشور با همدیگر همخوانی دارد اما مطالب دیگری که در پندنامه به آن‌ها اشاره‌شده ولی در منشور ذکر نشده بیشتر مسائلی از قبیل رفتار شخصی و ویژگی‌های شخصیتی خود پزشک هستند. همچنين مطالب جامع و با جزئیات بیشتر منشور هم که در پندنامه وجود ندارد، در مورد مسائلی است که به اقتضای زمان کامل تر و جامع‌تر شده است

Immunogenicity of Hepatitis B Vaccine among Medical Staff of Shahid Madani Hospital of Tabriz, Iran

Background & Objectives: Vaccination is one of the best methods of prevention against hepatitis B virus. With respect to various vaccines against this virus and based on the differences of selected factors of immunogenicity, various studies on different groups in different locations is necessary. In present research, therefore the titer amount value of antibody against surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (anti-HBs) was determined and its relation with different factors among medical staff was investigated. Materials & Methods: This study is descriptive observational, retrospective which is conducted using questionnaire and serology tests. 146 persons of medical staff of Shahid Madani Hospital of Tabriz, Iran were the population. The sample size was selected based on the high risk group. Anti-HBs value was measured based on ELISA method. Results: Out of 146 subjects, 32 persons (24%) had no protective titers (anti-HBs<10 MIU/ML), 38 persons (25.3%) had relative protective titers (10≤anti-HBs≤100 MIU/ML), and 76 persons (50.7%) had complete protective titers (anti-HBs>10 MIU/ML). It was indicated that there was a significant relation between antibody titer and age, smoking, and the injection of full dose of vaccine (p0.05). Conclusion: Since the medical staff is in the high risk group, full training and vaccination is recommended and their anti-HBs should be analyzed annually and if necessary, revaccination in older ones should be done.

Variants in GNPTAB, GNPTG and NAGPA genes are associated with stutterers

Non-syndromic stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by disruptions in normal flow of speech in the form of repetition, prolongation and involuntary halts. Previously, mutations with more severe effects on GNPTAB and GNPTG have been reported to cause Mucolipidosisll (ML-ll) and Mucolipidosislll (ML-lll), two lysosomal storage disorders with multiple pathologies. We used homozygosity mapping and Sanger sequencing to investigate variants of the three genes in 25 Iranian families with at least two first degree related non-syndromic stutterers. Bioinformatic evaluation and Segregation analysis of the found variants helped us define probable consequences. We also compared our findings with those related to Mucolipidosis. 14 variations were found in the three genes 3 of which, including a novel variant within intronic region of GNPTG and a heterozygous 2-bp deletion in coding region of GNPTAB, co-segregated with stuttering in the families they were found. Bioinformatics analysis predicted all three variants causing deleterious effects on gene functioning. Our findings support the role of these three variants in non-syndromic stuttering. This finding may challenge the current belief that variations causing stuttering are at different sites and have less severe consequences than genetic changes that cause ML-ll and ML-lll.Peer reviewe

Common Mutations of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene in Non-Syndromic Cleft Lips and Palates Children in North-West of Iran

Introduction: Cleft lips and cleft palates are common congenital abnormalities in children. Various chromosomal loci have been suggested to be responsible the development of these abnormalities. The present study was carried out to investigate the association between the suspected genes (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR] A1298C and C677T) that might contribute into the etiology of these disorders through application of molecular methods.   Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and explanatory study was carried out on a study population of 65 affected children, 130 respective parents and 50 healthy individuals between 2009 and 2012 at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, IR Iran. After DNA extraction, amplification refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-PCR were used respectively to investigate the C677T and A1298C mutations for the MTHFR gene.   Results: There was a significant difference in the rates of the C677T mutation when affected patients and their fathers were compared with the control group (odds ratio [OR]=0.44) (OR=0.64). However, there was no significant difference observed in the rate of this mutation between the patients’ mothers and the control group (OR=1.35). In addition, the abnormality rate was higher in patients with the A1298C mutation and their parents, when compared with the control group. This abnormality rate was higher for the affected children and their fathers in comparison with their mothers (Fathers, OR=0.26; Mothers, OR=0.65; Children, OR=0.55). No significant difference was seen in the rate of the polymorphism C677T in its CC, when the affected children and their parents were compared with the control group. However, there was a significant difference in the A1298C mutation.   Conclusion:  An association was seen between the A1298C mutation and cleft lip and cleft palate abnormalities in Iran. However, there seems to be a stronger relationship between the C67TT mutation and these abnormalities in other countries, which could be explained by racial differences. Moreover, this association was more notable between the affected children and their fathers than their mothers. The findings in this study may be helpful in future studies and screening programs

Clinical significance of NDRG3 in patients with breast cancer

[Aim]: The expression level of NDRG3 gene is investigated among breast cancer (BC) patients.[Methods]: Real-time quantitative PCR was performed.[Results]: NDRG3 was downregulated in BC patients particularly in advanced stage of the disease. HER2 status was significantly correlated with the expression of NDRG3. Also, triple-negative BC patients showed low levels of NDRG3 expression in comparison to other subtypes. Lastly, the expression of NDRG3 had significant impact on survival, with NDRG3 downregulated patients having the worst event-free survival rate among others.[Conclusion]: We have presented that NDRG3 might be a tumor suppressor candidate. NDRG3 downregulation might be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of invasive BC in an advanced phase of the disease.Peer reviewe

Early detection of Toxoplasma gondii by real-time polymerase chain reaction methods in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortions

Introduction: One of the causes of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) is an infection by the toxoplasmosis Protozoa. In comparison, we present detailed results using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods of detection. In this study, it was tried to detect Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) by real-time PCR methods in patients with RSA. Methods: Amniotic fluid sampling was performed in the 16-20th weeks of gestation in 50 pregnant women with a history of RSA. The extracted deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: In all the cases, the detection of T. gondii was negative in the peripheral blood, and amniotic fluid samples by using the molecular methods (real-time PCR). Using the serological detection methods, 6% of patients were diagnosed as positive for the immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody. In addition, the IgG antibody was positive in 46% of the patients. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the serological methods lack specificity

High expression of CEACAM19, a new member of carcinoembryonic antigen gene family, in patients with breast cancer

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family members play important roles in malignancies and are introduced as biomarkers in different types of cancers. Among them CEACAM19 (CEAL1) gene, a new member of the CEA family, remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was investigating the mRNA expression level of CEACAM19 in tumor samples of breast cancer patients compared to breast tissue of normal individuals. We evaluated the expression level of this gene in 75 breast tumors by using real-time quantitative PCR. Also, we studied the correlation between CEACAM19 expression and clinicopathological features and hormone receptors status, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 of patients. Out of the enrolled patients, six of them (7.9%) showed low expression, ten (13.2%) showed normal expression and 59 (77.6%) showed high expression of CEACAM19. There was a significant correlation between high expression of CEACAM19 gene in tumor samples compared to normal tissues (P = 0.039). No significant correlation was seen between clinicopathological factors and disease-free survival with mRNA levels of CEACAM19 in tumor samples, while the difference between the expression of CEACAM19 in ER/PR-positive and ER/PR-negative breast cancer patients was statistically significant (P = 0.046). In conclusion, CEACAM19 showed high expression in tumor samples compared to normal mammary tissue. In addition, CEACAM19 may represent as a novel therapeutic target in certain subgroups of breast cancer patients such as ER/PR-negative. Critical roles of CEA proteins in tumor progression may nominate them as robust potential targets for therapeutic intervention in near future.Peer reviewe