Synthesis and Characterization of LiNiO

LiNiO2 powders were synthesized with acrylic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, and triethanolamine (TEA) as a chelating agent. Crystallized LiNiO2 was synthesized in air at a calcinations temperature of 500∘C for 12 hours, when the molar ratio of chelating agents to total metal ion (RPM) was 1.0. The TEA-assisted method had the highest intensity ratio of (003)/(104) peaks of X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicates that the sample prepared with triethanolamine obtained the smallest particle size with average particle size of only 12 nm. The results indicate that chelating agents have an important role in the intensity ratio of (003)/(104) peaks of XRD spectrum, size and shape of powders

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

The application of organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes allows for a synergy between the desirable thermal and mechanical properties of inorganic materials with the reactivity, dielectric properties, durability, flexibility, and processability of the polymeric materials. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) suffer from some problems including water content management, carbon monoxide poisoning, hydrogen reformate, and fuel crossover through the membrane. Herein, specific solutions have been proposed to the above-mentioned problems using organ-inorganic nanocomposites. These solutions include doping proton conductive inorganic nano-particles in the proton exchange membrane, preparing nanocomposites via the sol-gel method, covalence bond of inorganic compounds with the polymer structure, and acid-based proton exchange nanocomposite membranes. Furthermore, hydrogen production with low carbon monoxide content using the ethanol steam reforming method, as well as the effect of CO in the hydrogen feed of PEMFC are explained and discussed. Finally, desirable conditions for achieving the maximum power density in exchange membrane cells (EMFCs) are discussed

Effects of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian (KOM) extract on blood lipid in Balb/c mice

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: فلاونوییدها یک گروه از ترکیبات پلی فنولیک با خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی می باشند و به کاهش خطر بیماری های قلبی عروقی کمک می کند. کرفس کوهی (Kelussia odoratissima Mozoffarian) گیاهی است حاوی فلاونویید که در این تحقیق اثر آن بر کاهش چربی خون در موش سوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی 70 سر موش بالغ سوری نژاد Balb/c به 5 گروه 14 سری تقسیم شدند. به گروه 1 (کنترل) غذای معمولی، گروه 2 غذای معمولی به علاوه روغن زیتون، گروه 3 غذای با درصد کلسترول بالا (کلسترول 5+روغن زیتون)، گروه 4 رژیم پر کلسترول به همراه عصاره هیدروالکلی 10 کرفس کوهی و به گروه 5 رژیم پر کلسترول به همراه عصاره های هیدروالکلی 20 کرفس کوهی به مدت دو هفته داده شد. در پایان دو هفته از موش ها خونگیری و فاکتورهای چربی خون شامل کلسترول، تری گلیسرید، لیپوپروتیین با دانسیته پایین (LDL)، لیپوپروتیین با دانسیته بسیار کم (VLDL)، لیپوپروتیین با دانسیته بالا (HDL) و قند خون ناشتا ( ( FBSاندازه گیری و اطلاعات با کمک آزمون آماری کروسکال والیس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: بدنبال دو هفته تغذیه با عصاره گیاه کرفس کوهی سطوح تمام لیپیدهای سرم شامل کلسترول، HDL، VLDL، LDL و تری گلیسرید و قند خون ناشتا در گروه با عصاره هیدروالکلی 10 گیاه کاهش معنی داری داشت (05/0

Effect of kelussia odoratissima mozaffarian on lipid and glucose profile

Background: Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties that help reduce cardiovascular risk factors. Kelussia odoratissima is a flavonoid-containing plant, the effect of which was analyzed on decreasing blood lipid levels in mice. Objectives: The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the anti-hyperlipidemia effects of this herb on mice. Materials and Methods: In this preclinical study, 70 Balb/c mice were divided to five 14-member groups and received normal diet, normal diet containing 5% olive oil, high cholesterol (2% cholesterol and 5% olive oil) diet and high cholesterol diet accompanied by Kelussia odoratissima 10% or 20% hydro-alcoholic extract. After two weeks, blood samples were taken and cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured. Results: In this animal model, the levels of all serum lipids including cholesterol, HDL, VLDL, LDL, triglyceride and FBS had a significant decrease two weeks after the beginning of the study. Moreover, at the same time, in the group that received 20% hydro-alcoholic extract, the serum levels of cholesterol, HDL and LDL had a significant decrease (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Kelussia odoratissima might have a desirable effect on serum lipid profile and might have beneficial effects on hyperlipidemic patients

Computer Simulation Study of the Levy Flight Process

Random walk simulation of the Levy flight shows a linear relation between the mean square displacement and time. We have analyzed different aspects of this linearity. It is shown that the restriction of jump length to a maximum value (lm) affects the diffusion coefficient, even though it remains constant for lm greater than 1464. So, this factor has no effect on the linearity. In addition, it is shown that the number of samples does not affect the results. We have demonstrated that the relation between the mean square displacement and time remains linear in a continuous space, while continuous variables just reduce the diffusion coefficient. The results are also implied that the movement of a levy flight particle is similar to the case the particle moves in each time step with an average length of jumping . Finally, it is shown that the non-linear relation of the Levy flight will be satisfied if we use time average instead of ensemble average. The difference between time average and ensemble average results points that the Levy distribution may be a non-ergodic distribution.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure

Effect of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian (KOM) on hyperlipidemia: a clinical trial study

Background and aim: Flavonoids constitute a large group of polyphenolic compounds and have been shown to reduce risk of various heart diseases. KOM is a plant which contains flavonoids. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to figure out the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of KOM in patients, on lovastatin treatment. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 74 patients referred to internal clinic of Hajar hospital in Shahrekord, Iran, were divided randomly into two groups. Control group was given lovostatin (40 mg/day) and case group was given lovostatin (40 mg/day) and 2gr KOM powder. The levels of serum lipids (including triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL) and FBS were determined in both groups at the beginning, 2 weeks and one month after starting day of the experiment. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. Results: A significant reduction was observed in cholesterol, TG, LDL and VLDL levels of patients (P0.05). The HDL level was increased following KOM usage (P<0.05), but it was reduced in control group (P<0.05). LDL/HDL was reduced in both groups (P<0.001). The level of FBS was not significantly changed during the study. Conclusion: Consumption of KOM may have beneficial effect on hyperlipidemic patients by enhancing serum levels of HDL