Metformin inhibits polyphosphate-induced hyper-permeability and inflammation

Circulating inflammatory factor inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) released from activated platelets could enhance factor XII and bradykinin resulted in increased capillary leakage and vascular permeability. PolyP induce inflammatory responses through mTOR pathway in endothelial cells, which is being reported in several diseases including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, sepsis, and cancer. Systems and molecular biology approaches were used to explore the regulatory role of the AMPK activator, metformin, on polyP-induced hyper-permeability in different organs in three different models of polyP-induced hyper-permeability including local, systemic shortand systemic long-term approaches in murine models. Our results showed that polyP disrupts endothelial barrier integrity in skin, liver, kidney, brain, heart, and lung in all three study models and metformin abrogates the disruptive effect of polyP. We also showed that activation of AMPK signaling pathway, regulation of oxidant/ anti-oxidant balance, as well as decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration constitute a set of molecular mechanisms through which metformin elicits it's protective responses against polyP-induced hyper-permeability. These results support the clinical values of AMPK activators including the FDA-approved metformin in attenuating vascular damage in polyP-associated inflammatory diseases.Peer reviewe

Intraperitoneal administration of Telmisartan prevents postsurgical adhesion band formation

Background Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) have a potential role in reducing inflammation and fibrosis. We have integrated systems and molecular biology approaches to investigate the therapeutic potential of ARBs in preventing postsurgical adhesion band formation. Material and methods we have followed the ARRIVE guidelines point by point during experimental studies. Telmisartan (1 and 9 mg/kg), valsartan (1 and 9 mg/kg), and losartan (1 and 10 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally in different groups of male albino Wistar rat. After 7 d of treatment, macroscopic evidence and score of fibrotic bands based on scaling methods was performed. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effects of telmisartan on reduction of fibrotic bands were investigated by using histopathology, ELISA, and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. Results Telmisartan, but not losartan or valsartan, prevented the frequency as well as the stability of adhesion bands. Telmisartan appears to elicit anti-inflammatory responses by attenuating submucosal edema, suppressing proinflammatory cytokines, decreasing proinflammatory cell infiltration, and inhibiting oxidative stress at the site of peritoneal surgery. We also showed that telmisartan prevents fibrotic adhesion band formation by reducing excessive collagen deposition and suppression of profibrotic genes expression at the peritoneum adhesion tissues. Conclusions These results support the potential application of telmisartan in preventing postsurgical adhesion band formation by inhibiting key pathologic responses of inflammation and fibrosis in postsurgery patients

Effect of Video Education in Native Language on Vital Signs Caused by Anxiety in Coronary Angiography Patients

Background & objectives: Most of coronary angiography patients have not enough information about undergoing procedure . This lack of knowledge makes anxiety in patients and thereby changes their vital signs. There is no study regarding the effective education of patients based on their native language. This study was done to investigate the effect of video education in native language on vital signs caused by anxiety of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods: This quasi experimental study was done in 2013 on 160 patients undergoing angiography in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil. Participants were divided into two groups randomly (80 in each group): case (native video education) and control groups. The sheets of hemodynamic variables were completed in determined time intervals for data collection. ANOVA with repeated measures and Chi square were used to analyze the data in SPSS13 software. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed significant improvement in vital sign variables except for temperature in both groups over the time (p<0.05). And there was significant difference in the mean vital sign variables in determined time intervals (p<0.05). Conclusion: Video education in native language decreases the vital signs in coronary angiography patients. Therefore the video education especially in native language is recommended for improving vital signs before invasive procedures