The effect of carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (Corm-2) on healing of ischemic colon anastomosis in rats

Background/aim: Ischemia on the colon wall negatively affects healing of anastomosis. We were aimed to evaluate the effects of carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) on the healing of anastomosis in a rat model of the ischemic colon. Materials and methods: In this prospective study a total of 60 rats were randomly divided into three groups as colon transection and end-to-end anastomosis (Group I), colon transection, and end-to-end anastomosis following the induction of ischemia (Group II), and colon transection and end-to-end anastomosis following the induction of ischemia and treated with daily intraperitoneal administration of CORM-2 (Group III). Each group was also divided into two equal subgroups as postoperative 3rd and 7th day. Postoperative healing of anastomoses was evaluated by anastomosis burst pressure (ABP), tissue biomarkers including hydroxyproline (HP), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and histopathological findings. Results: In the ischemic group treated with CORM-2, lower MDA and higher HP levels were observed in comparison to the untreated ischemic group on the 3rd day. GSH and HP levels were higher and MDA levels was lower in the ischemic rats treated with CORM-2 than in the ischemic untreated rats on the 7th day. In the ischemic group treated with CORM-2, the mucosal epithelial score decreased and the neoangiogenesis score increased compared to the untreated rats on the 7th day. Conclusion: In ischemic colon anastomosis, reduces cell destruction by suppressing the oxidative reaction, and strengthening the antioxidative mechanisms of the cells. It also increases collagen formation, epithelial development, and neoangiogenesis

Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study

: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (p = 0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (p = 0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (p = 0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (p = 0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (p = 0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)

Incidental midgut malrotation detected during second laparotomy: Case report and literature review

Introduction: Intestinal malrotation is defined as intestinal nonrotation or incomplete rotation around superior mesenteric artery (SMA), involving anomalies of intestinal fixation as well. The patients may be recognized incidentally during other surgical procedures or at autopsy. Here in, we present a case of midgut malrotation which was diagnosed incidentally during hepaticojejunostomy procedure for benign biliary stricture. Presentation of case: A 46 years old male patient was referred to our clinic with failed surgery for biliary stricture due to extensive adhesions. Prior to our surgery, intestinal malrotation was not reported and noticed by the diagnostic tools. When the patient underwent relaparotomy, midgut malrotation was observed. Discussion: Distruption in the normal embryological development of bowel is the cause of intestinal malrotation. Various anatomic configurations and anomalies resulting from rotation anomalies of midgut. Adult patients are usually asymptomatic and the anomaly is discovered only at autopsy or incidentally at surgery. The role of additional surgery especially in patients with asymptomatic disease related to malrotation is debated. Conclusion: Performing loop hepaticojejunostomy with Braun enteroenterostomy is feasible and acceptable option rather than Roux-N-Y hepaticojejunostomy in case of intestinal malrotation

Outcomes of Phacoemulsification with Anterior Chamber Maintainer in Vitrectomized Eyes

Pur po se: To evaluate the outcomes of phacoemulsification with anterior chamber maintainer in vitrectomized eyes with complicated cataract. Ma te ri al and Met hod: Twenty eyes of 20 patients who developed complicated cataract after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were included in the study. Phacoemulsification with clear corneal incision and foldable intraocular lens implantation was performed. In group 1, anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) was used during phacoemusification and in group 2, ACM was not used. Pre- and postoperative visual acuities as well as per- and postoperative complications were reviewed retrospectively. Re sults: Anterior chamber maintainer was used during the surgery in 12 (60%) cases and was not used in 8 (40%) cases. Phacoemulsification was performed 16.5±9.2 (4-40) months after PPV. Best-corrected visual acuities were between hand motions and 0.4 preoperatively and between counting fingers from 1 meter and 1.0 postoperatively in group 1. Best-corrected visual acuities were between hand motions and 0.1 preoperatively and between counting fingers from 1 meter and 0.8 postoperatively in group 2. Posterior capsule was ruptured in 1 eye peroperatively in group 1. In group 2, phacoemulsification was more difficult due to deep anterior chamber in 8 eyes and intraoperative complications were iris sphincter rupture in 1 eye and posterior capsule rupture in 1 eye. Mild corneal edema in 7 (58.3%) eyes, fibrin reaction in 2 (16.6%), intraocular lens decentralization in 1 (8.3%) and posterior capsule opacification in 4 (33.3%) eyes were the postoperative complications in group 1. Mild corneal edema in 5 (62.5%) eyes, fibrin reaction in 1 (12.5%) and posterior capsule opacification in 2 (25%) eyes were the postoperative complications in group 2. Dis cus si on: Complicated cataracts which may develop after PPV can be treated safely with phacoemulsification. Continuous irrigation during the surgery may provide a stable anterior chamber and prevents surgical complications. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2012; 42: 253-6