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    Improvement of the production technology of tokay wines based on the revealed effect of enzyme activity on the quality of grape variety

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    Wines of the Tokay type are produced using a special technology. According to Hungarian technology, for the production of these wines, bunches of white and red grape varieties are twisted on the vine, withered for a certain time, then dropped for processing. At the same time, the percentage of sugar in grapes is artificially increased due to the evaporation of moisture. In pre-dried grapes, the percentage of sugar should be in the range of 40–45 %. For the production of Tokay-type wines, the fermentation of grape must is carried out naturally without the addition of alcohol and other ingredients. After formation in the must of 14‒16 vol. % alcohol, the fermentation process is suspended naturally. As a result, natural sugar and alcohol remain in the wine material. Withered grape varieties, despite their high sugar content, are economically inefficient due to low juice yield and a quantitative decrease in extractive substances. Thus, the enrichment of wine material for the production of Tokay-type wines has not been studied. As an object of research, ripe technical grape varieties Bayan Shirey, Rkatsiteli, Cabernet Sauvignon, Madrasa cultivated in the foothills of the Geygol district and in the low-lying zone of the Samukh district were used. Grape varieties were harvested from the vineyards of the winery, located in the Goygol district and from the farm "Amin", located in the village of Gara-Yeri, Samukh district. For the production of wine, both ripe and separately withered grape varieties were used, twisting on the vine for 10–12 days. However, when twisted on the vine, about 15–20 % of the bunches of grapes break and fall to the ground. Further, in ripe and withered grape varieties, the quantitative content of dry matter, total sugar, including glucose and fructose, phenolic compounds, titratable acidity, vitamin C, and in both variants the yield of unclarified juice was determined separately. The regularities of increasing the activity of enzymes of the class oxidoructase and a representative of hydrolase-pectinesterase were considered. The results make it possible to adjust the quality indicators of grape varieties depending on their zoning and use them for the production of high-quality Tokay-type wines

    Вдосконалення технології виробництва виноматеріалу для токайського вина

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    The object of this study is the production technology of Tokaj-type wine materials. The material used was white and red grape varieties, withered by twisting on the vine for 4–5 days. Wine materials were prepared from these grape varieties using new technology, i.e., by adding the wort to the alcohol along with the pulp. The technology for the production of environmentally friendly Tokaj-type sweet dessert wines using technical grape varieties cultivated in the foothills of the Goy-Gol and flat zone of the Samukh region has been improved. Providing the population with environmentally friendly food products, as well as wines, is one of the most important tasks of our time. Poor quality food creates conditions for the development of various diseases. For this purpose, a technological scheme for the production of Tokaj-type wine materials has been devised. The quality indicators of Tokaj wine material prepared by fermenting in alcohol must from grapes withered by twisting on the vine for 4–5 days with pulp for 3–4 days were studied. The rates of alcohol loss were calculated based on the contraction coefficient (0.08 %) during co-fermentation with wort. For wine materials prepared from grape varieties grown under the conditions of the Samukh region, alcohol consumption is reduced. This is due to the high sugar content in the wine material. In the prepared wine material, the amount of alcohol and sugar corresponded to the norm – the alcohol content reached 14–15 % and residual sugar 16 %. As a result of the tasting, wine material prepared from the Rkatsiteli grape variety in the Samukh region was rated 9.5 points, and wine material prepared from the red Madras grape variety 9.3 points. The results make it possible to regulate the desired quality of wine material and use it in the production of Tokaj wineОб'єктом дослідження є технологія виробництва виноматеріалу токайського типу. Як матеріал використовували білі та червоні сорти винограду, зів'ялені скручуванням на лозі протягом 4-5 днів. З цих сортів винограду було виготовлено виноматеріали за новою технологією, тобто. шляхом додавання до спирту сусла разом з мезгою. Удосконалено технологію виробництва екологічно чистих солодких десертних вин токайського типу з використанням технічних сортів винограду, що вирощуються у передгір'ях Гей-Гельського та рівнинній зоні Самухського районів. Забезпечення населення екологічно чистими продуктами харчування, і навіть винами одна із найважливіших проблем сучасності. Неякісні продукти харчування створюють умови для розвитку різних захворювань. З цією метою розроблено технологічну схему виробництва виноматеріалу токайського типу. Вивчено якісні показники токайського виноматеріалу, приготованого шляхом зброджування в спирті сусла із зів'яленого скручуванням на лозі протягом 4-5 днів винограду з мезгою протягом 3-4 діб. Розраховано норми втрат спирту за коефіцієнтом контракції (0,08%) при сумісному бродінні із суслом. Для виноматеріалу, виготовленого з сортів винограду, вирощених в умовах Самухського району, витрата спирту зменшується. Це пов'язано з великим вмістом цукру у виноматеріалі. У виготовленому виноматеріалі кількість спирту і цукру відповідала нормі - вміст спирту досяг 14-15% і залишкового цукру 16%. В результаті дегустації виноматеріал, виготовлений з сорту винограду Ркацителі в умовах Самухського району був оцінений 9,5 балом, і виноматеріал, виготовлений з червоного сорту винограду Мадраса 9,3 балами. Отримані результати дають можливість регулювати бажану якість виноматеріалу та використовувати його для виробництва токайського вин
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