地方都市における地域公共交通の実態と外出支援に関する研究

To maintain and expand local public transportation services that serve not only residents in general but also the mobility-handicapped, local cities are expected to implement and seek effective policies even in the current severe financial situation, and are currently restructuring and reviewing public transportation services such as the railways and bus services. This study focusing on public transportation in local cities reveals the present-day problems and challenges of public transportation in local cities, and proposes possible solutions to these problems. More specifically, it explores methods by which public transportation can be valued both comprehensively and objectively, using case studies on future public transportation systems in local cities that are currently being implemented in municipalities. In conclusion, this study examines the actual situation of the reginal public transport and the support for residents’ Outing in local cities.学位記番号:工博甲1

Analysis of Radioactive Elements in Testes of Large Japanese Field Mice Using an Electron Probe Micro-Analyser after the Fukushima Accident

The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident drew global attention to the health risks of radiation exposure. The large Japanese field mice (Apodemus speciosus) are rodents endemic to, and distributed throughout, Japan. This wild rodent live in and around the ex-evacuation zone on the ground surface and/or underground. In this study, we evaluated the effect of chronic radiation exposure associated with FDNPP accident on the testes of large Japanese field mice. Morphological analysis and electron-prove X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) was undertaken on the testes. Morphological analysis of testes based on H&E staining showed that the spermatogenesis was observed normally in the breeding season of wild mice in the heavily contaminated area. However, caesium (Cs) was not detected in all testes of wild mice from FDNPP ex-evacuation zone. In conclusion, even if the testes and the process of spermatogenesis are hypersensitive to radiation, we could not detect radiation effects on the spermatogenesis and Cs in the examined large Japanese field mice testes following chronic radiation exposure associated with the FDNPP accident

ホットパック療法における治療時間の検討

温熱療法は痛みの治療、循環の改善、筋緊張の緩解等の治療で、最もよく使われる治療法である。その温熱療法の中では、その手軽さからホットパック療法がよく使われる。ホットパック療法は、シリカゲルを厚手の布袋に詰めたものを熱水（80〜90℃）に浸した後、バスタオルでくるみ患部に当て、温熱刺激を与えるものである。シリカゲルは、多孔質で、比熱のきわめて高い物資で、水分を含んだシリカゲルは、ゲル状の半固形化することで、水分子の対流を防止する。このようなことから、比熱が高いので熱容量が大きく、また、対流をなくすことで、熱エネルギーをゆっくりと身体に伝えることができる。このホットパックの熱伝達の特徴を表面温、深部温、皮下血流量を指標として、ホットパック療法の最も適した治療時間を研究したものである。実験は、右下腿部にホットパック療法を30分間行なった時の表面温、深部温、皮下血流量を測定し、その変化から最適な治療時間を求めた。その結果、表面温は、治療開始後18分で最高温度に達し、その後9分間ほぼ同じ温度を保ち、治療終了後徐々に下降した。治療終了後30分においても治療前の温度よりも高い状態であった。深部温は、治療開始後26分で最高温度に達し、治療終了後1分まで同じ温度を保ち、その後徐々に下降した。治療終了後30分においても治療前の温度より高い状態であった。皮下血流量は、治療開始後30分において最高の増加を示し、その後、徐々に減少するが、治療終了後30分においても治療前より増加を示した。また、治療側と反対側の表面温と深部温を同時に測定し、その変化を調べた。その結果、非治療側の表面温、深部温のわずかな上昇をみた。以上のようなことから、ホットパック療法は、20〜30分の治療時間が必要と認められた。また、治療側と離れた部位の温熱刺激を行なうことができることも確認できた

The immunohistochemistry of LV tissue for 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) in the diabetic heart.

<p>Brown staining is positive for 4-HNE, while nuclei are stained blue by hematoxylin. At 6 weeks, staining for 4-HNE was stronger in WT-DM mice compared with WT-control mice, whereas there was no significant difference between KO-DM and KO-control mice. At 12 weeks, however, staining for 4-HNE was also stronger in KO-DM mice compared with KO-control mice. Eplerenone treatment prevented these changes. All pictures are at ×400 magnification. Scale bar = 50 μm.</p

Ca²⁺ handling in the diabetic heart.

<p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA2a) mRNA expression in LV tissue measured by real-time PCR (A), SERCA2a protein level (B), the contents of total (C) and phosphorylated (D) phospholamban protein in LV tissue determined by Western blotting, the ratio of phosphorylated to total phospholamban (E), and representative images of Western blots (F). Number of mice per group is indicated in bar graph. Values are the mean±SEM. DM, diabetes mellitus; KO, AT_1a receptor knockout; WT, wild-type; PL, phospholamban; C, control. *p<0.05 vs. the respective control group. ††p<0.01 vs. WT-DM, ¶¶p<0.01 vs. KO-DM.</p

Experimental design.

<p>Six-week model (A) and 12-week model (B). STZ, streptozotocin; BG, blood glucose; DM, diabetes mellitus; KO, AT_1a receptor knockout; WT, wild-type.</p

Apoptosis in the diabetic heart.

<p>The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cardiomyocytes in LV tissue (A), expression of Bcl-2 (B) and Bax (C) protein in LV tissue determined by Western blotting, and representative images of the bands for Bcl-2 and Bax protein (D). Number of mice per group is indicated in bar graph. Values are the mean±SEM. DM, diabetes mellitus; KO, AT_1a receptor knockout; WT, wild-type; C, control. *p<0.05 vs. the respective control group, **p<0.01 vs. the respective control group, †p<0.05 vs. WT-DM, ††p<0.01 vs. WT-DM, ¶¶p<0.01 vs. KO-DM.</p

Blood glucose level and morphology.

<p>Values are expressed as mean±SEM. WT, wild-type mice; KO, AT_1a receptor knockout mice; E, eplerenone; BW, body weight; LV, left ventricle. *p<0.05 compared with respective control groups, **p<0.01 compared with respective control groups.</p