Assessment of genetic diversity using DNA markers among Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson germplasm lines collected from Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand hills

The genetic diversity and the relatedness among thirty-one germplasm lines of yellow sarson collected from eastern UP were evaluated using morphological characters and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Molecular parameters, viz. A total number of bands, average polymorphic band, average percent polymorphism, average polymorphic information content (PIC), Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) and dendrogram generated using RAPD markers. A total of 148 different polymorphic amplification products were obtained using 10 selected decamer primers. The Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged from 0.557-0.899. Maximum polymorphism detected was 100 %.The range of amplification was from 190bp to 9 kb. Some unique bands were also reported with different primers that can be used for the identification of particular accession. PYSC-11-11 and PYSC-11-36 genotypes showed a maximum number of unique loci of different size. 31 germplasm lines grouped into two major clusters I and II based on RAPD profiling. Morphological characterization was done on the basis of leaf, petal and beak characteristics. The similarity value among the germplasm lines ranged from 0.222 to 1.000 using morphological descriptors. The dendrogram generated grouped the germplasm accession into two major groups at 44% similarity value. The cluster analysis was comparable up to some extent with Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) of two and three-dimensional plots. The variability revealed by morphological and molecular profile were found to be non-comparable. This study indicated the presence of high genetic diversity among collected yellow sarson germplasm, which could be used for developing for breeding and germplasm management purposes

Additive Manufacturing: The Significant role in Biomedical and Aerospace applications

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an innovative approach to manufacturing, which has proved itself way too efficient and opening a new era for complex designs and lattice structures. AM is a bottom-up manufacturing process that builds parts by stacking one layer over another. It is often called 3D printing which directly prints the object via material addition instead of subtraction in conventional manufacturing methods. It has shown a tangible approach to mass customization and unhindered options to create a complex design part. It has proved itself in many industries like the biomedical industry, aerospace industry, manufacturing firms, and academic research purposes. This article has reviewed the advancement of AM in the aerospace and biomedical industry. 3D printing technology has been incorporated in the biomedical industry to produce customized design features and implants for specific applications and performance. Implants effect like corrosion and carcinogenic properties have been discussed in the human body. This paper also discussed the design flexibility of AM with the topological study of a specific part to reduce the weight for system efficiency in the aerospace industry.

Additive manufacturing: The significant role in biomedical and aerospace applications

330-342Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an innovative approach to manufacturing, which has proved itself way too efficient and opening a new era for complex designs and lattice structures. AM is a bottom-up manufacturing process that builds parts by stacking one layer over another. It is often called 3D printing which directly prints the object via material addition instead of subtraction in conventional manufacturing methods. It has shown a tangible approach to mass customization and unhindered options to create a complex design part. It has proved itself in many industries like the biomedical industry, aerospace industry, manufacturing firms, and academic research purposes. This article has reviewed the advancement of AM in the aerospace and biomedical industry. 3D printing technology has been incorporated in the biomedical industry to produce customized design features and implants for specific applications and performance. Implants effect like corrosion and carcinogenic properties have been discussed in the human body. This paper also discussed the design flexibility of AM with the topological study of a specific part to reduce the weight for system efficiency in the aerospace industry

Regional variation in pig farmer awareness and actions regarding Japanese encephalitis in Nepal : implications for public health education

The objective was to explore regional variations in farmer awareness and actions towards Japanese Encephalitis (JE) in Nepal; the association of awareness and actions with farm and farmer variables; and the implications for public health education and extension services. Social factors such as literacy, gender, and cultural practices were associated with farmer attitudes, knowledge and practices for JE control. The low uptake of vaccine and lack of infrastructure or financial capacity to house pigs adequately suggest that farmer personal protection should be a priority for education. JE is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease with pigs as the amplifying hosts

Constraints on the χ_(c1) versus χ_(c2) polarizations in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The polarizations of promptly produced χ_(c1) and χ_(c2) mesons are studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at √s=8  TeV. The χ_c states are reconstructed via their radiative decays χ_c → J/ψγ, with the photons being measured through conversions to e⁺e⁻, which allows the two states to be well resolved. The polarizations are measured in the helicity frame, through the analysis of the χ_(c2) to χ_(c1) yield ratio as a function of the polar or azimuthal angle of the positive muon emitted in the J/ψ → μ⁺μ⁻ decay, in three bins of J/ψ transverse momentum. While no differences are seen between the two states in terms of azimuthal decay angle distributions, they are observed to have significantly different polar anisotropies. The measurement favors a scenario where at least one of the two states is strongly polarized along the helicity quantization axis, in agreement with nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics predictions. This is the first measurement of significantly polarized quarkonia produced at high transverse momentum