熱帯気候流域における貯水池－水力発電－水文統合モデルの開発と気候変動下の貯水池運用評価および実時間最適化への応用

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(工学)甲第23480号工博第4892号新制||工||1764(附属図書館)京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻(主査)教授 立川 康人, 准教授 市川 温, 教授 堀 智晴学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering)Kyoto UniversityDFA

RELIGION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

“What will be the relationship between religion and artificial intelligence?” This was the main research question for the current study. I chose Mikael Stenmark’s multidimensional model for describing relationship between religion and science, as my theoretical framework to help figure out the answer. Considering the novel and hypothetical nature of the topic it was necessary to accomplish following sub goals before I could tackle the main analysis: Establish the fact that religion is viable and growing part of the society in the future. Demonstrate how science and religion have been intertwined through the history until modern day. Confirm that the field of artificial intelligence is developing fast and intelligent machines will have growing presence in various areas of our lives. Give overview of relationship between religion and AI since the emergence of the field and examine this interconnection from different perspectives. Recent theories by Jose Casanova and Pippa Norris and correlating statistical data helped to establish and confirm that despite the popularity of the traditional secularization theory the number of people who affiliate themselves with religion is on the rise. Demonstration of the enduring interconnectedness of religion and science included covering birth of the modern science from the bosom of Christianity, followed by insight to problematic relationship between Islam and science. Thereafter I presented how new technologies are accepted in the religious environments of Islamic countries and Christian Africa. Additional examples demonstrated how religion has been related to the virtual worlds and explored how advances of innovative technology are creating potential alternatives for the traditional religion in the example of Transhumanism

Students Watching Stars Evolve

We describe a study of period changes in 59 RR Lyrae stars, using times of maximum brightness from the GEOS database. The work was carried out by outstanding senior high school students in the University of Toronto Mentorship Program. This paper is written in such a way that high school or undergraduate physics and astronomy students could use it as a guide and template for carrying out original research, by studying period changes in these and other types of variable stars

Koolinoorte rahulolu ja teadlikkus noorsootöö võimalustest ühe valla näitel : lõputöö

http://www.ester.ee/record=b4483039*es

Uncertainty assessment of water resources and long-term hydropower generation using a large ensemble of future climate projections for the Nam Ngum River in the Mekong Basin

[Study region] The Nam Ngum River Basin, the major tributary of the Mekong River, is located in the Laos PDR. [Study focus] This study aims to assess the sensitivity of Nam Ngum 1 reservoir operation to water resource uncertainty driven by a combination of climate change and upstream cascade dam development. [New hydrological insights for the region] Precipitation projections of the basin under a 4° increase scenario vary in the range of −9.6 % to +6.9 %, compared to the historical observed precipitation (present climate). The impact of climate change on hydropower resources was investigated. Based on the combined effect of climate change and upstream cascade dam development, the projected inflow of the Nam Ngum 1 reservoir at the full development stage will change from −16.0 % to +6.5 %, which results in a large range of annual energy production changes from −18.8 % to +2.8 % compared to the current condition (present climate and existing dam stage). Furthermore, water losses from the reservoir due to water discharge from the spillway for extreme floods and evaporation are expected to increase with increasing temperature, which will lead to a loss in energy production. Our study indicates that the operation of hydropower should be adapted to the effects of climate change. This information can be used by stakeholders to propose water resource management strategies

Die Reformation und ihre versteckten Wurzeln in der Kirchengeschichte

Käesoleva magistritöö teema on „Reformatsioon ja selle varjatud juured kirikuajaloos”. Töö on ajendatud 2017. aastal tähistatud reformatsiooni 500. aastapäevast. Töös on käsitletud reformaatoreid, kes on tegutsenud erinevate sajandite jooksul erinevates maades enne 16. sajandi reformatsiooni Saksamaal. Eesmärk on näidata, et juba alates 12. sajandist, seega ammu enne Martin Lutherit, on kirikuloos võimalik leida isikuid ja liikumisi, kes rahulolematusest kirikliku korraga on püüdnud läbi viia väiksemaid või laiaulatuslikemaid kirikuelu reforme. Töös püütakse näidata, et Martin Lutheri reformatsioon ei olnud esimene kiriku uuenduskatse, vaid Luther oli üks mitmetest kiriku reformaatoritest, kes viis lõpule teiste poolt juba varem kavatsetud uuendused ning kelle tegevuse tagajärjel sündis uus kiriklik liikumine – protestantism. Selle kõrval antakse töös ka lühiülevaade kristluse ajaloost selle algusaegadest saadik, näidatakse tema saamist maailmausundiks ning jälgitakse kristluse arengulugu läbi keskaja kuni reformatsioonini 16. sajandilhttp://www.ester.ee/record=b5143204*es

Real-time optimization of a large-scale reservoir operation in Thailand using adaptive inflow prediction with medium-range ensemble precipitation forecasts

Study region: The Sirikit Dam in the Nan River Basin is located on a main tributary of the Chao Phraya River in Thailand. Study focus: This study investigates forecasting river flows and real-time optimization of dam release using a distributed hydrological model with ensemble weather forecasting for reservoir operations which provide hydropower and irrigation facilities in Thailand during a case study of the 2019 drought event. Medium-range ensemble precipitation forecasts were employed using a hydrological model to predict the real-time reservoir inflow. Real-time optimization of the water release strategy determined a week in advance with an effective initial condition for hydropower generation and irrigation was conducted with different scenarios using dynamic programming considering inflow predictions. New hydrological insights for the region: The medium-range ensemble precipitation forecast conducted by the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts was used to quantify precipitation for the study basin. The ensemble precipitation forecast with the hydrological model was employed for inflow prediction of the study basin which was located in a tropical climate with a distinct wet and dry season. The initial conditions of the hydrological model largely influenced the real-time inflow forecast. To determine the initial conditions of the model, the empirical data assimilation considering a drainage area factor was utilized and observed precipitation data were used for model input forcing data during the initial analysis period. This method improved the reservoir inflow prediction and real-time reservoir optimization using dynamic programming with considering ensemble forecasts provided more efficient operating decisions than employing historical data. The resulting information will be useful for water resource management, which may be adapted to other basins in the study region

Bone robusticity in two distinct skeletal dysplasias diverges from established patterns

Achondroplasia (ACH) is a heritable disorder of endochondral bone formation characterized by disproportionate short stature. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable bone and connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility. To investigate bone morphology of these groups, we retrospectively reviewed 169 de‐identified bone age films from 20 individuals with ACH, 39 individuals with OI and 37 age‐ and sex‐matched controls (matched to historical measurements from the Bolton–Brush Collection). We calculated robustness (Tt.Ar/Le) and relative cortical area (Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar) from measurements of the second metacarpal, which reflect overall bone health. Relative cortical area (RCA) is a significant predictor of fracture risk and correlates with robustness at other sites. Individuals with OI had RCH values above and robustness values below that of the control population. Bisphosphonate treatment did not significantly impact either robustness or RCA. In contrast to that reported in the unaffected population, there was no sexual dimorphism found in OI robustness or relative cortical area. We suggest that the underlying collagen abnormalities in OI override sex‐specific effects. Individuals with ACH had robustness values above and RCA values below that of the control population. Sexual dimorphism was found in ACH robustness and RCH values. Clinical significance: Identifies morphologic trends in two distinct skeletal dysplasia populations (OI and ACH) to better understand development of bone robusticity and slenderness in humans. Understanding these patterns of bone morphology is important to predict how individuals will respond to treatment and to increase treatment effect. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2392–2396, 2017.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139130/1/jor23543_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139130/2/jor23543.pd

Computed tomography-osteoabsorptiometry for assessing the density distribution of subchondral bone as a measure of long-term mechanical adaptation in individual joints

To estimate subchondral mineralisation patterns which represent the long-term loading history of individual joints, a method has been developed employing computed tomography (CT) which permits repeated examination of living joints. The method was tested on 5 knee, 3 sacroiliac, 3 ankle and 5 shoulder joints and then investigated with X-ray densitometry. A CT absorptiometric presentation and maps of the area distribution of the subchondral bone density areas were derived using an image analyser. Comparison of the results from both X-ray densitometry and CT-absorptiometry revealed almost identical pictures of distribution of the subchondral bone density. The method may be used to examine subchondral mineralisation as a measure of the mechanical adaptability of joints in the living subject