An efficient conversion approach of the bangla infinite verb sentence into unl

This paper presents conversion procedure of Bangla infinite verb sentences to assimilate them into an interlingua representation called Universal Networking Language (UNL). It focuses on the analysis of infinite verbs and develops the morphological rules to resolve morphological analysis between the infinite and finite verbs. This paper also develops semantic rules to perform semantic analysis between the words in a sentence for the EnConverter to convert infinite verb sentence into UNL expression. Finally, we have shown the conversion procedures of a Bangla infinite verb sentence into UNL

Numerical Simulation of High Efficiency Environment Friendly CuBi2O4-Based Thin-Film Solar Cell Using SCAPS-1D

In this research work, a copper bismuth oxide- (CuBi2O4-) based thin-film solar cell has been proposed for the lead and toxic-free (Al/ITO/TiO2/CuBi2O4/Mo) structure simulated in SCAPS-1D software. The main aim of this work to make an ecofriendly and highly efficient thin-film solar cell. The absorber layer CuBi2O4, buffer layer TiO2, and the electron transport layer (ETL) ITO have been used in this simulation. The performance of the suggested photovoltaic devices was quantitatively evaluated using variations in thickness such as absorber, buffer, defect density, operating temperature, back contact work function, series, shunt resistances, acceptor density, and donor density. The absorber layer thickness is fixed at 2.0 μm, the buffer layer at 0.05 μm, and the electron transport layer at 0.23 μm, respectively. The CuBi2O4 absorber layer produces a solar cell efficiency of 31.21%, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.36 V, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 25.81 mA/cm2, and a fill factor (FF) of 88.77%, respectively. It is recommended that the proposed CuBi2O4-based structure can be used as a potential for thin-film solar cells that are both inexpensive and highly efficient

Construction of word dictionary for Bangla vowel ended roots and its verbal inflexions in UNL based machine translation scheme

This paper focuses on the development of word dictionary of Bangla vowel ended roots and their verbal inflexions for an interlingua representation called Universal Networking Language (UNL) processors. A considerable amount of work has been done on the development of Bangla morphological analysis on verbs, nouns, prefixes and suffixes for machine translation. As far as the researchers are aware, no attempts, however, have been made to integrate the previous developments on Bangla vowel ended roots and their inflexions to a concrete computational output. This paper attempts to bridge the gap on Bangla vowel ended roots and inflexions in the framework of UNL system aiming to produce a Bangla word dictionary for UNL. The paper analyzes the Bangla vowel ended roots and verbal inflexions and develops their formats in the UNL structure. Dictionary entries of all vowel ended roots and their inflexions are developed in order to generate associated verbs for sentences. Following semantic rules these verbs can be used to convert Bangla native language sentences into UNL expressions, which are then converted into required native languages using the language specific generation rules. Conversion of a Bangla language sentence into UNL expression has also been shown in this paper