Motor imagery classification in Brain Computer Interface (BCI) based on EEG signal by using machine learning technique

This paper focuses on classification of motor imagery in Brain Computer Interface (BCI) by using classifiers from machine learning technique. The BCI system consists of two main steps which are feature extraction and classification. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) features is extracted from the electroencephalography (EEG) signals to transform the signals into frequency domain. Due to the high dimensionality of data resulting from the feature extraction stage, the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is used to minimize the number of dimension by finding the feature subspace that optimizes class separability. Five classifiers: Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree and Logistic Regression are used in the study. The performance was tested by using Dataset 1 from BCI Competition IV which consists of imaginary hand and foot movement EEG data. As a result, SVM, Logistic Regression and Naïve Bayes classifier achieved the highest accuracy with 89.09% in AUC measurement

Design of Generalized Chebyshev Lowpass Filter with Defected Stripline Structure (DSS)

This paper presents the design of generalized Chebyshev lowpass filter (LPF) and integrated with Defected Stripline Structure (DSS) using Suspended Stripline Structure (SSS). The study involves circuit analysis to determine generalized Chebyshev responses with a transmission zero at finite frequency in order to produce a reduced number of elements values of prototype circuit. The LPF provides a cut-off frequency at 6 GHz with a return loss better than -19 dB, while the DSS exhibits a notch at frequency of 3.2 GHz with a stopband response better than -40 dB. Thus, the integrated LPF and DSS will produce lowpass and band reject response simultaneously. The design is implemented on a Roger Duroid RO4350 with a thickness of 0.168 mm and dielectric constant, εr of 3.48. The simulation performance results show promising results that could be proved in the experiment works. This new class of integrated LPF and DSS would be useful in any RF/ microwave communication systems particularly in wideband applications where the reduction of overall physical volume, weight and cost is critical to maintaining its good performance

Design and development of Modified-Proportional Fair scheduler for LTE/LTE-advanced

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is well known as a cellular network that can support very high data rates in diverse traffic conditions. One way of achieving it is through packet scheduling which is the key scheme of Radio Resource Management (RRM) for LTE traffic processing that is functioning to allocate resources for both frequency and time dimensions. The main contribution of this paper is the design of a new scheduling scheme and its performance is compared with the Proportional Fair (PF) and Round Robin (RR) downlink schedulers for LTE by utilizing LTE Downlink System Level Simulator. The proposed new scheduling algorithm, namely the Modified-PF scheduler divides a single subframe into multiple time slots and allocates the resource block (RB) to the targeted User Equipment (UE) in all time slots for each subframe based on the instantaneous Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) feedback received from UEs. Simulation results show that the Modified-PF scheduler provides the best performance in terms of throughput and spectral efficiency with comparale fairness as compared to RR and PF schedulers. Although PF scheduler has the best fairness index, the Modified-PF scheduler provides a better compromise between the throughput/spectral efficiency and fairness. This shows that the newly proposed scheme improves the LTE output performances while at the same time maintains minimal required fairness among the UEs

β-Divergence Nonnegative Matrix Factorization on Biomedical Blind Source Separation

β-divergence has been studied for years, but it is yet to be discovered thoroughly. In this paper, we proposed the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) by using β-divergence in blind source separation (BSS) on biomedical field. The proposed idea is basically aimed at the separation of normal heart sound with normal lung sound. Temporal codes and spectral basis were modelled into a separated source, which is applied to the synthesis and real life data using multiplicative update rules. In the experiment, estimated and original source were compared to evaluate the performance of various source separation algorithms within a general framework, where the original sources and the noise that perturbed the mixture were included

Anti N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor encephalitis with ovarian teratoma: a dilemma in diagnosis

We report a rare case of altered mental status in a young patient with immature ovarian teratoma. A 22-year-old woman presented with seizures, hallucination, amnesia and orofacial dyskinesia. Examination and investigation revealed an ovarian massand asalphing-oophorectomy was performed. The histopathological examination result showed an immature teratoma grade 2 with thepresence of immature primitive glial tissue. Her CSF N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid receptor (Anti-NMDAR) antibodytest was positive. N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid receptor antibody associated limbic encephalitis is an autoimmune antibody-mediated neuropsychiatric disorder. Resection of the tumour and immunotherapy resulted in full recovery

Profiling The Promotion Of Green Technology In Industry Through GTFS

Malaysia has devoted itself into promoting a green economy by creating some programs that would foster the partnership of green technology and green financing. This has given birth to the Green Technology Financial Scheme, which was started in 2010 supporting companies that are advocating green technology. It covers 2 types of companies and 4 sectors of green technology that any company can choose from. Since its initiation, hundreds of companies have been recipients of the scheme. The paper studied the Green Technology Financial Scheme’s overall profile, starting from the rationale of why it was formed, to the statistics of its recipients. This study is important indicator to encourage other industries to adopt green technology as their competitive advantage for extensive competition. An analysis is made as to how balanced is the distribution of financing among the sectors that has been identified

Thermal conductivity and viscosity of deionized water and ethylene glycol-based nanofluids

This paper focused on thermal conductivity and viscosity of deionised water and ethylene glycol-based nanofluids at three different temperatures (6C, 25C and 40C). For the preparation of nanofluids, a two-step method, comprised of homogenisation and sonication, was used on a mixture of MWCNT-OH, PVP and the base fluid. The results revealed that thermal conductivity was enhanced by about 8.86% for 0.8 wt% deionised water-based MWCNT-OH nanofluid, and by 5.37% for 0.2 wt% ethylene glycol-based MWCNT-OH nanofluid. Meanwhile, in viscosity test, the highest temperature of 40C exhibited lowest viscosity. This phenomenon happened only with ethylene glycol-based nanofluid, whilst the data on the viscosity of deionised water-based nanofluid was inconsistent at certain nanofluid concentrations. In conclusion, addition of MWCNT-OH into base fluid enhanced base fluid performance, giving it the potential to be used in cooling system applications

Boer goats appear to lack a functional IgA and eosinophil response against natural nematode infection

Gastrointestinal nematode infection is one of the major diseases affecting small ruminants. Although some breeds of goats are quite resistant, many breeds of goats are relatively susceptible. This study used a combined parasitological, immunological, bioinformatic and statistical approach to examine the role of goat IgA and eosinophils in protection against Teladorsagia circumcincta. Molecular modelling suggested that the transmembrane domain of the high affinity IgA receptor was dysfunctional in goats. Statistical analyses failed to find any association in naturally infected goats between high IgA or eosinophil responses and low faecal egg counts. Together these results indicate that IgA and eosinophil responses against T. circumcincta are less effective in goats than sheep

A whole genome analyses of genetic variants in two Kelantan Malay individuals

The sequencing of two members of the Royal Kelantan Malay family genomes will provide insights on the Kelantan Malay whole genome sequences. The two Kelantan Malay genomes were analyzed for the SNP markers associated with thalassemia and Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter pylori infection was reported to be low prevalence in the north-east as compared to the west coast of the Peninsular Malaysia and beta-thalassemia was known to be one of the most common inherited and genetic disorder in Malaysia.By combining SNP information from literatures, GWAS study and NCBI ClinVar, 18 unique SNPs were selected for further analysis. From these 18 SNPs, 10 SNPs came from previous study of Helicobacter pylori infection among Malay patients, 6 SNPs were from NCBI ClinVar and 2 SNPs from GWAS studies. The analysis reveals that both Royal Kelantan Malay genomes shared all the 10 SNPs identified by Maran (Single Nucleotide Polymorphims (SNPs) genotypic profiling of Malay patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection in Kelantan, 2011) and one SNP from GWAS study. In addition, the analysis also reveals that both Royal Kelantan Malay genomes shared 3 SNP markers; HBG1 (rs1061234), HBB (rs1609812) and BCL11A (rs766432) where all three markers were associated with beta-thalassemia.Our findings suggest that the Royal Kelantan Malays carry the SNPs which are associated with protection to Helicobacter pylori infection. In addition they also carry SNPs which are associated with beta-thalassemia. These findings are in line with the findings by other researchers who conducted studies on thalassemia and Helicobacter pylori infection in the non-royal Malay population.Wan Khairunnisa Wan Juhari, Nur Aida Md Tamrin, Mohd Hanif Ridzuan Mat Daud, Hatin Wan Isa, Nurfazreen Mohd Nasir, Sathiya Maran, Nur Shafawati Abdul Rajab, Khairul Bariah Ahmad Amin Noordin, Nik Norliza Nik Hassan, Rick Tearle, Rozaimi Razali, Amir Feisal Merican and Bin Alwi Zilfali

Intertwining the arts and sciences to stimulate a creative mind

From the basic motion of a simple pendulum, which acts as a tool that turns a blank canvas into pure abstract art, this particular concept has been applied to science-related art to showcase its tremendous impact on scientific, psychological and educational fields. The Art and Science Program is a collaborative artistic program between the committees from the Chemical and Energy School of Engineering, UTM, and Sekolah Tun Fatimah (STF), with the aim of examining the impacts of the rotational motion of the pendulum which can generate mesmerizing art on blank mahjong papers. The outcome of the art has been influenced by various factors, such as the viscosity of the paint used, the flowrate of the paint drip, the velocity of the paint-pendulum-modelled dripper, the position of the release point, and the motion of the dripper arising from the resultant force of multiple interacting forces. By showing the interconnections between pendulum motion, gravitational force, potential and kinetic energies, and the fundamentals of fluid dynamics, artistic abstract paintings can be created from the science of mechanics. Intertwining the arts and sciences that has been the main focus of this program can garner greater appreciation, even embraced, as it results in a significant effect on the development of both creative and critical thinking among the participants and committees