Predicting young imposter syndrome using ensemble learning

Background. Imposter syndrome (IS), associated with self-doubt and fear despite clear accomplishments and competencies, is frequently detected in medical students and has a negative impact on their well-being. This study aimed to predict the students' IS using the machine learning ensemble approach. Methods. This study was a cross-sectional design among medical students in Bangladesh. Data were collected from February to July 2020 through snowball sampling technique across medical colleges in Bangladesh. In this study, we employed three different machine learning techniques such as neural network, random forest, and ensemble learning to compare the accuracy of prediction of the IS. Results. In total, 500 students completed the questionnaire. We used the YIS scale to determine the presence of IS among medical students. The ensemble model has the highest accuracy of this predictive model, with 96.4%, while the individual accuracy of random forest and neural network is 93.5% and 96.3%, respectively. We used different performance matrices to compare the results of the models. Finally, we compared feature importance scores between neural network and random forest model. The top feature of the neural network model is Y7, and the top feature of the random forest model is Y2, which is second among the top features of the neural network model. Conclusions. Imposter syndrome is an emerging mental illness in Bangladesh and requires the immediate attention of researchers. For instance, in order to reduce the impact of IS, identifying key factors responsible for IS is an important step. Machine learning methods can be employed to identify the potential sources responsible for IS. Similarly, determining how each factor contributes to the IS condition among medical students could be a potential future direction

Evaluation of Zinc in various Arums, Bananas, Vegetables and Pulses from Five Upazila of Chittagong region in Bangladesh by Spectro-photometric Method

Abstract: Zinc is an essential element needed by the body in small amount

Obesity and Diabetes Mediated Chronic Inflammation: A Potential Biomarker in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the sixth leading cause of death and is correlated with obesity, which is the second leading cause of preventable diseases in the United States. Obesity, diabetes, and AD share several common features, and inflammation emerges as the central link. High-calorie intake, elevated free fatty acids, and impaired endocrine function leads to insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. Systemic inflammation triggers neuro-inflammation, which eventually hinders the metabolic and regulatory function of the brain mitochondria leading to neuronal damage and subsequent AD-related cognitive decline. As an early event in the pathogenesis of AD, chronic inflammation could be considered as a potential biomarker in the treatment strategies for AD

Use of Duckweed (Lemna perpusilla) as a Protein Source Feed Item in the Diet of Semi-Scavenging Jinding Layer Ducks

An experiment was conducted for a period of 75 days at farmers house to investigate the effect of feeding duckweed (Lemna perpusilla) that replaced conventional protein supplement mustard oil cake (MOC) in the diets for Jinding ducks. The experiment included a total of 84 laying ducks with four treatments and three replicates and seven ducks per replicate. The diets were based on rice by products where soybean meal and mustard oil cake as protein source. The control diet A contained 15% MOC and 5, 10 and 15% MOC was replaced with dry duckweed in diets B, C and D respectively. The birds were raised under extensive system and feeds were supplied two times daily before and after herded. The replacement of MOC by duckweed non-significantly depressed live weight gain (P>0.05), egg weight (P>0.05) and feed conversion efficiency (P>0.05) but significantly increased egg production (P<0.01) and profitability (P<0.01) through reducing production cost of feeding. Body weight gain and egg productivity showed a linear declining trend as the proportion of duckweed in the diet was increased. Considering economic benefit it may be recommended to replace MOC by duckweed up to 15% level in the diet of laying duck

Body Composition Changes In Female Apoe*3Leiden.Cetp Transgenic Mice After 5-Week Injection Of Resveratrol-Encapsulated Liposomes To Inguinal White Adipose Tissue (P21-041-19)

Objectives Many cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that Trans-resveratrol (R) has the potential to induce beige cell formation and activity. Although human studies indicate that R can maintain metabolic health, evidence is inconclusive regarding its browning effectiveness mainly due to its low aqueous solubility and high hepatic metabolism in humans. To combat the shortcomings of R, we have successfully synthesized biocompatible and biodegradable R-encapsulated liposomes (Rlipo). We will directly inject Rlipo into inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) in this project. The purpose of this study to evaluate the anti-obesity effects of resveratrol-encapsulated liposomes in female APOE*3Leiden.CETP transgenic mice, which have human-like lipoprotein metabolism. Methods Rlipo was prepared using R and soy phosphatidylcholine (soy-PC) dissolved in ethanol. After mixing and drying with nitrogen, deionized water was added followed by a sonication step. Ultrafiltration was used to remove any unencapsulated R. The void liposomes (Vlipo) were prepared using only soy-PC., Female APOE*3Leiden.CETP mice (n = 40) were fed with a high fat diet (45% of calorie from fat) throughout the study. After 4 weeks of the high-fat diet administration, mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10) and received iWAT injections of Rlipo, Vlipo, free R and saline (control) once per week for 5 weeks. R concentration was 17.5 mg/kg body weight/week. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly. Body composition of mice was measured using an EchoMRITM every other week. Paired sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were used to analyze differences between means. Results After 5-weeks of treatment compared to baseline, fat percentage differences were 1.99 ± 0.93%, 1.85 ± 0.58%, 1.45 ± 0.67%, and 1.40 ± 0.68% in control, free R, Vlipo and Rlipo groups, respectively. Body weight and fat mass showed a similar trend of change. Although control group showed an increase in lean mass (0.25 ± 0.95 g), RLipo group showed a decrease (−0.14 ± 0.52 g). Food intake was similar among four groups. Conclusions Nanoencapsulation of R can enhance R's anti-obesity effects. However longer treatment time might be necessary to see more prominent results. Funding Sources NIH/NCCIH (Grant R15AT008733).PubMe

Effect of Cow Manure on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Content of Mungbean

The experiment was conducted at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from March to June 2014 to study the effect of cowdung on the growth, yield and nutrient content of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). The variety BARI Mung-5 was used as the test crop. The experiment consist of single factor: Cowdung (3 levels); C0: 0 ton cowdung ha-1 (control), C1: 5 ton cowdung ha-1 and C2: 10 ton cowdung   ha-1. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replications. Data on different growth parameters and yield showed statistically significant variation for different levels of cowdung. The tallest plant, the highest number of leaves plant-1, the highest number of branches plant-1, the minimum number of days required for 1st flowering, the minimum number of days required for 80% pod maturity, the highest number of pods plant-1, the highest number of seeds pod-1, the longest pod, the maximum weight of 1000-seeds, the highest seed yield, the highest stover yield and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur content in seeds were recorded from 10 ton cowdung ha-1, whereas the lowest value was found from control treatment

Prevalence and determinants of physical violence against doctors in Bangladeshi tertiary care hospitals

Abstract Background The increasing physical violence against doctors in the health sector has become an alarming global problem and a key concern for the health system in Bangladesh. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of physical violence against doctors in Bangladeshi tertiary care hospitals. Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed among 406 doctors working in tertiary care hospitals. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and the binary logistic regression model was employed for predicting physical violence against doctors. Results Of the participants, 50 (12.3%) doctors reported being exposed to physical violence in 12 months prior to the survey. According to logistic regression analysis, aged less than 30 years or younger, male and never-married doctors were prone to physical violence. Similarly, doctors from public hospitals and those worked in emergency departments were at higher risk of physical violence. More than 70% of victims reported that patients’ relatives were the main perpetrators. Two-thirds of the victims referred to violence in the hospitals as a grave concern. Conclusions Physical violence against doctors is relatively common in the emergency departments and public hospitals in Bangladesh. This study found that male and younger doctors were at high risk of exposing physical violence. To prevent hospital violence, authorities must develop human resources, bolster patient protocol and offer physician training

A critical review on contemporary power electronics interface topologies to vehicle‐to‐grid technology: Prospects, challenges, and directions

Abstract With the evolution of the smart grid concept, the production of electric vehicles (EVs) is predicted to rise because of environmental concerns, technological advancements, and improvements in EV management. Vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) is an enabling, realistic, and affordable technology to cope with a large number of EVs, increase energy sustainability, provide economical solutions, satisfy user‐side consumers, and facilitate power flow to the grid. Power electronics (PE) converters, particularly bidirectional power converters, are promising interfaces for V2G infrastructure because they determine the characteristics and functionalities of V2G. Therefore, this study provides an extensive review of the characteristics, technological aspects, and visions of V2G infrastructure. This review helps to identify the current state, most recent developments, and problems related to bidirectional interface topologies and control strategies in V2G infrastructure. It further examines the classification of chargers or dischargers based on numerous factors, including limitations and impacts. Furthermore, the benefits, challenges with possible mitigation solutions, and future outlooks in the implementation of V2G technology are discussed. This review is planned to serve as a reference for existing work in V2G frameworks, PE interfacing topologies, and control strategies, and to also facilitate a guideline for future work that can be implemented to flourish V2G technology

Neural Underpinnings of Obesity: The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Brain

Obesity prevalence is increasing at an unprecedented rate throughout the world, and is a strong risk factor for metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological/neurodegenerative disorders. While low-grade systemic inflammation triggered primarily by adipose tissue dysfunction is closely linked to obesity, inflammation is also observed in the brain or the central nervous system (CNS). Considering that the hypothalamus, a classical homeostatic center, and other higher cortical areas (e.g. prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum, hippocampus, etc.) also actively participate in regulating energy homeostasis by engaging in inhibitory control, reward calculation, and memory retrieval, understanding the role of CNS oxidative stress and inflammation in obesity and their underlying mechanisms would greatly help develop novel therapeutic interventions to correct obesity and related comorbidities. Here we review accumulating evidence for the association between ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, the main culprits responsible for oxidative stress and inflammation in various brain regions, and energy imbalance that leads to the development of obesity. Potential beneficial effects of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds on CNS health and obesity are also discussed

Protein Appetite at the Interface between Nutrient Sensing and Physiological Homeostasis

Feeding behavior is guided by multiple competing physiological needs, as animals must sense their internal nutritional state and then identify and consume foods that meet nutritional needs. Dietary protein intake is necessary to provide essential amino acids and represents a specific, distinct nutritional need. Consistent with this importance, there is a relatively strong body of literature indicating that protein intake is defended, such that animals sense the restriction of protein and adaptively alter feeding behavior to increase protein intake. Here, we argue that this matching of food consumption with physiological need requires at least two concurrent mechanisms: the first being the detection of internal nutritional need (a protein need state) and the second being the discrimination between foods with differing nutritional compositions. In this review, we outline various mechanisms that could mediate the sensing of need state and the discrimination between protein-rich and protein-poor foods. Finally, we briefly describe how the interaction of these mechanisms might allow an animal to self-select between a complex array of foods to meet nutritional needs and adaptively respond to changes in either the external environment or internal physiological state