Arbitration in Islamic Law for the Treatment of Civil and Criminal Cases: An Analytical Overview

Introduction: This is because Islam is not just a religion, it is away of life. Din-the Arabic word for religion, encompasses, theology, scripture, politics, morality, law, justice, and all other aspects of life relating to the thoughts or actions of men...it is not that religion dominates the life of a faithful Muslim, but that religion...is his life.[1] The Shari'ah regulates all aspects of life, ethical and social, and to encompass criminal as well as civil jurisdiction. Every act of believers must conform to Islamic law and observe ethical standards derived from Islamic principles[2]. Dispute settlement is one of the fundamental affairs of the Muslim as he was ordained to do so peacefully and this was declared as best way of resolving problems among them.  Arbitration and amicable settlement (sulh) have a long history within Arab and Islamic societies and have their roots in pre-Islamic Arabia. Sulh is the preferred result and process in any form of dispute resolution.  Further, arbitration is favored to adjudication in Islamic jurisprudence. In tribal and Islamic cultures, the overarching objectives in conflict settlement are collectivity.[3] Sulh or reconciliation is becoming an alternative problem solver in many cases lately. It is a mutual agreement between the conflicting parties so that the dispute is solved amicably. Many people assume that sulh is only applicable in civil cases. Nevertheless, in Islamic law sulh is also applicable in criminal cases particularly in homicide and bodily injury cases. [1] D.S. Roberts, Islam: A Westerner’s Guide From Business and the Law to Social Customs and Family Life London: Hamlyn, 1981), pp. 67-68. [2] Islamic Banking in Theory and Practice by Mervyn K Lewis, Monash Business Review Volume 3 Issue 1 – April. (2007), Pp. 1-16. [3] Sulh : A Crucial Part of Islamic Arbitration by Aseel Al-Ramahi, LSE Law, Society and Economy Working Papers 12/2008 London School of Economics and Political Science Law Department, www.lse.ac.uk/collections/law/wps/wps.htm,http://ssrn.com/abstract=115365

In-vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Ficus racemosa Linn. fruits

Abstract The antimicrobial activity methanol extracts of Ficus racemosa Linn., belonging to the family Moringaceae, was determined in vitro, using disc diffusion method against human pathogenic bacteria fungi. The displayed a potential antibacterial activity against all the tested four Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholera, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella species and Proteus species as well four fungi: Alternaria spp., Colletotrichum spp., Curvularia spp. and Fusarium spp. The highest zone of inhibition was found in the concentration of 200 µg/disc for Staphylococcus aureus (18mm) and in the concentration of 150 µg/disc for Fusarium spp. (12mm). The consequences of this investigation suggest that the extracts of Ficus racemosa can be used to discover antibacterial agent for developing new pharmaceuticals to control studied human pathogenic bacteria responsible for severe illness

Correction to: Impact of Continuous Professional Education on Leadership for Rehabilitation Professionals in Bangladesh: A Pilot Study

In the publication of this article, the abstract, full-text of the article and the author's affiliations had some mistakes with regards to the writing/language. The abstract, full-text and the affiliations of the authors has now been updated in the original article. The authors declare that the correction does not change the results or conclusion of this paper

Population Forecasts for Bangladesh, Using a Bayesian Methodology

Population projection for many developing countries could be quite a challenging task for the demographers mostly due to lack of availability of enough reliable data. The objective of this paper is to present an overview of the existing methods for population forecasting and to propose an alternative based on the Bayesian statistics, combining the formality of inference. The analysis has been made using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique for Bayesian methodology available with the software WinBUGS. Convergence diagnostic techniques available with the WinBUGS software have been applied to ensure the convergence of the chains necessary for the implementation of MCMC. The Bayesian approach allows for the use of observed data and expert judgements by means of appropriate priors, and a more realistic population forecasts, along with associated uncertainty, has been possible

Impact of Continuous Professional Education on Leadership for Rehabilitation Professionals in Bangladesh: A Pilot Study

Background: In healthcare and rehabilitation profession, continuous professional education (CPE) is deemed as an essential tool by institutions, regulatory bodies and organizations. It is considered to be a safeguard to professional practice to ensure patient safety and efficient service delivery. Leadership program is an emerging subject that integrates technical, management and leadership skill that found indispensable to enhance ultimate professional development. Objective: The purpose of this article is to explore the potential impact of CPE on leadership training for rehabilitation professionals in Bangladesh. Methodology: This pilot study was a mixed methods study. 20 rehabilitation professionals participated in the study. Quantitative data were collected by structured questionnaire and qualitative data were obtained by face to face video recording interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)   and thematic analysis was considered for qualitative data. Result: Study findings showed that 95% of the participants (n=19) were in their 2nd to 3rd decade of life, there mean age were 26 and male participation (n=12) were higher than female (n=8). Highest academic qualification was master’s degree and none of the participants attended leadership training before. Overall objective, planning and atmosphere of the training course, quality of trainers and time management seemed effective and satisfactory to the participants they agreed with. Leadership qualities and elements have profound impacts on knowledge and attitude towards positivity in performing professional duties and Responsibilities. The training also enhances motivation to be a skilled professional in clinical practice, also encourages serving with outmost excellence towards patients or clients. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that education on leadership to professionals have an impact on motivation and positivity towards developing technical, management and professional skills. The study may have impact on developing diverse qualities of a professional in personal and organizational perspective; this can be explored by continuing education on leadership and evaluation of the behavioral changes, professional and management skills in rehabilitation professionals’ serving in an organization in longer run

Lymphoid Polyposis in an Adult Male- A Case Report

Benign lymphoid polyposis is a rare histologic entity and should not be confused with malignant disease of the colon and rectum. We present a case of lymphoid polyposis in the intestine in a 26 years old male patient who was admitted for the treatment of faecal fistula. He had history of appendectomy, followed by ileostomy four years back. Physical examination revealed multiple faecal fistulae in the right lower abdomen. Right-sided hemicolectomy was done. Gross examination showed multiple polyps through out the specimen; the junction between caecum and ascending colon was found partially stenosed. Microscopy revealed polypoid structures consisting of multiple lymphoid follicles with prominent germinal centers. A stenosed area represented probable fistulous tract within the fibrosis. The final diagnosis was lymphoid polyposis based on clinical, gross and microscopic features. Keywords: Lymphoid polyposis; Faecal fistula. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v4i2.8643 BSMMU J 2011; 4(2):119-12

Green Supply Chain Management Practices by Superstores in Bangladesh: A Case Study in Dhaka

Green Supply Chain Management  has emerged as a comparatively newfangled area of supply chain management in Bangladesh. Implementation  of green supply chain management practices has been directed by the ever-increasing demand of protection of the environment in various sectors across the country, especially in the capital Dhaka. Several business institutions are dealing with the issue of sustainability in the supply chain by employing green Supply Chain Management .The study analyzes various green logistics practices implemented by different superstores in Dhaka. Primary data were collected through a pre-assigned questionnaire which included questions towards the respondents regarding green logistics practices employed. The respondents of the study were the branch or outlet managers or their counterpart in various superstores in Dhaka. The sample size of the study was 90 drawn randomly from different locations in Dhaka. Data were analyzed applying Pearson’s correlation coefficient, test of significance etc. via SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). Significance was determined with p-value ≤ 0.01. Findings of the study revealed highly significant correlation between arrangement of seminar and workshop with management of greening and tree plantation. One limitation of the study was the fact that some of the respondents were a bit diffident to give enough time as the superstores were going through busy schedules most of the time. Keywords: Supply chain management, Pearson’s correlation coefficient,  test of significance. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/11-16-08 Publication date:June 30th 201