Fatigue Crack Inspection and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Precast RC Beam under Repetition Loading

Abstract. Fatigue crack of the precast reinforced concrete beam under repetition loading is vital to be examined. Reinforced concrete structures exposed to excessive repetition loading could lead to the failure of the structures. In order to examine the active fatigue crack, the reinforced concrete beams were subjected to three-point repetition maximum loading. Eight phases of maximum fatigue loading with sinusoidal wave, frequency of 1 Hz and 5000 cycles for each phase were performed on the reinforced concrete beams. The inspection was carried out with visual observation of the crack pattern and acoustic emission technique for each load phase. The signal strength of acoustic emission was investigated. It is found that the signal strength of acoustic emission and crack pattern of the reinforced concrete beam subjected to repetition loadings showed promising results for structural health monitoring

Assessment of Malaysian brown seaweed Padina gymnospora antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity in different solvent extractions

The combination of a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based metabolomics approach and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to differentiate variations of active metabolites in Padina gymnospora subjected to different extraction solvents. Their proximate composition and phytochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity were also evaluated. A total of 13 metabolites were identified in the different solvents (polar, semipolar, and nonpolar) via 1H-NMR analysis. The present study demonstrated that P. gymnospora brown seaweed was rich in protein, lipid, and carbohydrates. Phytochemical investigation of the different P. gymnospora extracts revealed various secondary metabolites. The most abundant essential amino acid was leucine [5.79 ± 0.06 mg g−1 dry weight (DW)], and the most abundant nonessential amino acid was glutamic acid (8.62 ± 0.04 mg g−1 DW). The presence of metabolites such as alanine, N-phenylacetylphenylalanine, glutamic acid, 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid, sarcosine, and π-methylhistidine in the seaweed extracts was strongly correlated with their level of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity. P. gymnospora appeared to have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43,300). The study also revealed P. gymnospora’s potential for use as a rich source of antioxidant agents, implying that commercial cultivation of this seaweed may be incentivized

Fatigue Crack Inspection and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Precast RC Beam under Repetition Loading

Abstract. Fatigue crack of the precast reinforced concrete beam under repetition loading is vital to be examined. Reinforced concrete structures exposed to excessive repetition loading could lead to the failure of the structures. In order to examine the active fatigue crack, the reinforced concrete beams were subjected to three-point repetition maximum loading. Eight phases of maximum fatigue loading with sinusoidal wave, frequency of 1 Hz and 5000 cycles for each phase were performed on the reinforced concrete beams. The inspection was carried out with visual observation of the crack pattern and acoustic emission technique for each load phase. The signal strength of acoustic emission was investigated. It is found that the signal strength of acoustic emission and crack pattern of the reinforced concrete beam subjected to repetition loadings showed promising results for structural health monitoring

Detection of human sarcocystosis using dried blood on filter papers: An immunofluorescent antibody test

Sarcocystosis, a parasitic infection caused by a protozoa belonging to the genus Sarcocystis, is found worldwide in both and animals. Sarcocystis spp., require two animal hosts to complete their life cycle. The infection has gathered more global attention after recent outbreaks, especially amongst wester travellers to Malaysia. Other than sporadic cases and the current outbreaks, little information is available regarding human Sarcocystis infection in Malaysia. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of sarcocystosis among humans using an immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test applied to dried blood on filter papers. A total of 200 blood samples were collected on filter papers from autopsy cases at two Malaysian hospitals: Sungai Buloh Hospital (peninsular Malaysia) and Queen Elizabeth Hospital (Malaysian Borneo). Antigens were prepared from bradyzoites harvested from positive goats’ muscle samples. Of the 200 samples, 32 (16%) had Sarcocystis antibodies that showed positive fluorescence reactions on filter papers. There was no significant difference (t-test, p value > 0.05) in prevalence rates between samples collected from autopsies at peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. The results demonstrated that the filter paper technique can be used as one of the alternative serological tests in the diagnostic of human sarcocystosis. © 2019, Malaysian Society for Parasitology. All rights reserved

Abstracts of the International Halal Science Conference 2023

This book presents the extended abstracts of the selected contributions to the International Halal Science Conference, held on 22-23 August 2023 by the International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), IIUM, Malaysia in collaboration with Halalan Thayyiban Research Centre, University Islam Sultan Sharif (UNISSA), Brunei Darussalam. With the increasing global interest in halal products and services, this conference is timely. Conference Title:  International Halal Science ConferenceConference Acronym: IHASC23Conference Theme: Halal Industry Sustainability Through ScienceConference Date: 22-23 August 2023Conference Venue: International Islamic University (IIUM), MalaysiaConference Organizer: International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), International Islamic University (IIUM), Malaysi