3D mapping of safe and danger zones of both maxilla and mandible for the placement of orthodontic mini-implant in Malay class II malocclusion patients

The mini-implants, are now a common technique of treatment in Orthodontics which offer flexibility, minimal invasiveness and acceptable costing. Mini-implants have replaced conventional anchorage in circumstances where anchorage is considered perilous, unsatisfactory and expected to have unwanted side effects. The main objective of this research was to find safe location between dental roots to offer an anatomic map to contribute the orthodontist with the information for mini-implant placement. A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 96 Malay class II orthodontic patients (age range 14-30 years), receiving treatment in Orthodontic Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The images were analyzed by the Planmeca Romexis® 3.0 software (Planmeca Oy, Helsinki, Finland). A total of 244 variables were measured in each image, in every image interradicular space, the mesiodistal and the buccolingual distances measured at four cut levels of 2mm, 5mm, 8mm and 11mm from the alveolar crest and mesiodistal tooth size width along with arch size. In this study, measurements from the right sided second molar to the left sided second molar in both maxilla and mandible are presented. Independent t-test and paired t-test were conducted to analyze the mesiodistal, buccopalatal, buccolingual distances, mesiodistal tooth size width and arch size consequently gender and side disparities. The study shows that in maxilla, the safe zone for mini-implant placement are from distal of lateral incisor to mesial of second molar towards the apices for the right side and mesial of first molar for the left side. In the mandible, safe zones are mainly in posterior region between first premolarand second molar. Mesiodistal width of maxilla shows significant differences between male and female at premolar and molar region whereas in mandible was at canine and premolar region in both side of the jaws. Buccolingual width shows obvious significant differences between right and left side in mandible. Other findings revealed, male has significantly higher buccopalatal/buccolingual width, mesiodistal tooth size width, intercanine, interpremolar, intermolar width and arch length in both side of maxilla and mandible than female

Deconstruction of prior knowledge and visual narratives in Computing pedagogy

[EN] Evaluating students’ prior knowledge, particularly in higher education, has been a difficult task due to lack of any known reliable technique. This paper describes a research that involved a technology-enhanced approach for collecting prior knowledge data and presented those through visual narratives. The use of visual narratives is new in the research within engineering discipline, particularly in Computing. The study took place at a British university where forty five Computing students participated in the data collection process. The students were asked questions about their concepts around certain topics, academic interests, and assessment preferences. Data were collected using an online audience reply and analysis tool, Mentimeter, which also generated real time visuals, such as word clouds and graphs, based on the student responses. Several narratives were composed upon the findings depicted through the visuals. The key contribution of the research is a unique prior knowledge data analysis procedure which is convenient and effective in deciding pedagogic principles.http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/HEAD/HEAD18Jamil, M.; Isiaq, S. (2018). Deconstruction of prior knowledge and visual narratives in Computing pedagogy. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1179-1187. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD18.2018.8173OCS1179118

The Effect Of Sewage Sludge Ash As Cement Replacement Material On The Mechanical And Chemical Properties Of Mortar Concrete And Terrazzo Tiles

Sewage sludge is a residual from wastewater treatment plant. Nowadays, the large production in sewage sludge quantity is led by the rapid development of sewage treatment plant. This large amount of sewage sludge is generated continuously and has caused in limitation of the disposal area. Hence, an alternative way must be sought out to reuse the sewage sludge for sustainable development. The main objective of this study is to utilize the sewage sludge as a natural admixture in terrazzo tile application. The sewage sludge ash (SSA) was produced by drying and ball-milling process. The optimum incineration temperature of SSA was determined by incinerating the SSA at varying temperature ranging from 500 – 1000oC an with interval of 100oC respectively and mixed as mortar. The physical and chemical properties of each mortar were tested. From the results of the tests, the incinerated temperature of SSA at 900oC (SSA900) was chosen as optimum incineration temperature. Then, concrete mixture with the replacement of SSA900 was casted to determine the ideal percentage amount. The engineering properties and heavy metal concentration were tested. As a result, the concrete with 15% of SSA900 replacement was chosen as an ideal percentage of replacement because it showed the positive outcome for the most of the tests. The performance of SSA terrazzo tiles were examined by testing on breaking strength, water absorption and skid resistance for replacement of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%. According to MS 738:1981, the minimum breaking strength is 3.0 MPa, the capillary and total absorption must not exceed of 0.4 g/cm2 and 8% respectively. The terrazzo tile specimens passed the standard requirement. Plus, the tiles were also classified as extremely low in slip potential as compared to United Kingdom Slip Resistance Group (USRG, 2011)

Awareness of computer ergonomic

Computer ergonomic is a medium of interaction between human and computer equipment that serves to prevent health problems to users. However, most users do not have formal knowledge on the importance of computer ergonomic. Therefore, a survey on whether computer users are aware of the importance of computer ergonomic had been carried out. The survey was conducted at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), with a total of 270 respondents which consists of 17 academic staff, 19 non-academic staff and 234 students from Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. The results of this questionnaire were analysed using SPSS. From part I: The awareness of the correct sitting position, the respondent answered 7 questions for ‘no’ out of 9 questions. For part II: The awareness of computer ergonomic, the respondents answered ‘no’ for 4 questions out of 6 questions. Finally, for part III: The problems face by the respondents, respondents answered ‘no’ to 5 questions out of 8 questions. Many respondents suggested that exposure to computer ergonomic should be started from the primary school level. Most respondents said that the government or company do not provide exposure to computer ergonomic to their employees. They also stated that the lack of knowledge about computer ergonomic is the main cause why the users do not practice the science of ergonomic when using the computer. In conclusion, since users do not know the importance of computer ergonomic and they suggest that the computer ergonomic should be taught from school level

Students’ Choice Criteria to select a Private University for their Higher Education in Bangladesh

With the increasing demand of higher education in Bangladesh, first time the Private University Act (Bangladesh) was passed in 1992 to regulate the standard of higher education. The students, those who get admitted in the private universities consider few factors to select the institution. This paper evaluates some key factors in order to scrutinize the students’ choice on the basis of some significant factors. By using Convenient Sampling Technique the data has been collected randomly from 100 students of 10 private universities. In this case various tests have been conducted such as Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis, and ANOVA. Study reveals that education quality of the university is the first important criteria to choose the private university and subsequently cost of the study factor and student politics factor are also important among them. This paper also shows the Socio-cultural background of the students studying at the Private Universities in Bangladesh. Keywords: Public University, Private University, Socio-cultural Environment, UGC (University Grant Commission)

SCREENING, TESTING AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A QUALITY STANDARD FOR BITUMEN

Today bitumen is the most widely used as paving material. The characteristics and properties of bitumen should meet international standard and specification. The testing and grading of bitumen has progressively been improved to meet the demanding needs for quality standard of bitumen. This study investigated the rheological and morphological properties of 80/100 penetration grade bitumen obtained from various sources which were from PETRONAS and SHELL refinery process. One of PETRONAS bitumen was manually blended in refinery that gives much different of properties compared to normal refinery process. The fundamental characteristics of bitumen has been determined using conventional tests such as Penetration, Softening Point, Ductility, Solubility in Trichloroethylene, Specific Gravity, Spot Test, Water in Bitumen and Flash Point. Rheological properties of the sample bitumen are analyzed by use of bitumen tests such as Brookfield Viscosity, Rotational Viscosity (RV), Loss on Heating and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). Morphology properties are analyzed by use of bitumen tests such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). In addition, the short and long term ageing properties of bitumen are analyzed, with the ageing process simulated by the Pressure Ageing Vessel (PAV). The results indicate the fundamental properties and morphology of the bitumen is dependent on the type of bitumen content. The results reveal that bitumen with manually blended is the hardest compared to bitumen from normal refinery process

A Pragmatic Study on Viral Marketing Scenario of Bangladesh

Viral marketing is today's electronic equivalent of old-fashioned word of mouth marketing. In present circumstance, this marketing system may be the most time and cost effective tool for building long term relationship with the customers. The paper aims to identify and analyze the overall system of viral marketing exist in Bangladesh to access the present scenario of this country. At first the study used qualitative approaches to illustrate what viral marketing system (VMS) actually is. The study also attempted to highlight the issues associated with the viral marketing system like significance, classifications, tools, strategies and present situation of Bangladesh. After attaining deeper understanding about VMS through qualitative approaches, the study used quantitative approaches and in this case the primary data has been collected from 100 respondents through survey method. Bangladesh has huge potentials in case of viral marketing system development. But this nation needs to ascertain the scope through development of sufficient technological awareness and internet capacity. Keywords: Viral marketing system, internet marketing, social network marketing system, virtual community and online communication system

Product Features Affecting Buying Decision for Mobile Phone Handset: A Study on Tertiary Students Segment in Bangladesh

In recent times the different features of the mobile handsets have led to great modernization in mobile phone development. All mobile handset companies have added numerous features in their different brands. Manufacturers also try to set apart from their own products by implementing supplementary functions to formulate them more striking to the consumers. This study analyzes the features of mobile handsets affecting buying decision of consumers in tertiary student segment. In this study, sixteen diverse features of mobile handsets have identified under five factors. The purposes of this study are to find out the effect of specific features, to explore relationship between purchase decision and features and to estimate variation in purchase decision for various features through the consumers. Data has been collected from randomly selected 80 respondents from the students of the Comilla University, Bangladesh. In this case the collected data have been analyzed by using statistical devices. Results suggest that internet facility, multimedia, long lasting battery, camera, brand recognition, performance and color of mobile handset mostly persuade purchasing decision and external memory capacities, warranty period, price, customer-care service, phone memory capacities, country of origin have some influence over purchase decision. It is expected that the findings will be useful to improve our understanding about the features of mobile handset. Mobile handset manufacturers also will grasp idea for innovating features for their brands. Key Words: Consumer purchasing decision, mobile handset, features of mobile handset, Tertiary student segment

Product Features Affecting Buying Decision for Mobile Phone Handset: A Study on Tertiary Students Segment in Bangladesh

In recent times the different features of the mobile handsets have led to great modernization in mobile phone development. All mobile handset companies have added numerous features in their different brands. Manufacturers also try to set apart from their own products by implementing supplementary functions to formulate them more striking to the consumers. This study analyzes the features of mobile handsets affecting buying decision of consumers in tertiary student segment. In this study, sixteen diverse features of mobile handsets have identified under five factors. The purposes of this study are to find out the effect of specific features, to explore relationship between purchase decision and features and to estimate variation in purchase decision for various features through the consumers. Data has been collected from randomly selected 80 respondents from the students of the Comilla University, Bangladesh. In this case the collected data have been analyzed by using statistical devices. Results suggest that internet facility, multimedia, long lasting battery, camera, brand recognition, performance and color of mobile handset mostly persuade purchasing decision and external memory capacities, warranty period, price, customer-care service, phone memory capacities, country of origin have some influence over purchase decision. It is expected that the findings will be useful to improve our understanding about the features of mobile handset. Mobile handset manufacturers also will grasp idea for innovating features for their brands. Keywords: Consumer purchasing decision, mobile handset, features, Tertiary student segment and Mobile handset manufacturers