Evidence from nationalist movements in Scotland and Northern Ireland shows that pragmatism and the ability to adapt are key to electoral success, and that nationalism is still a potent political force.

Contemporary political analysis tends to draw few comparisons between nationalist movements in Scotland and Northern Ireland. However, Eve Hepburn and P. J. McLoughlin argue that in both cases, such movements have adopted variously pro-European positions in order to benefit from opportunities for aid and for greater political representation, and have thus successfully moderated their nationalist ambitions

A new technique for the determination of the critical current density in superconducting films and flat samples

The determination of their critical current density in the whole range of the temperature below Tc is of first importance to understand the physical processes occurring in superconducting films. We describe here a technique suitable for square films based on the measurement of the magnetic moment due to the currents persisting in the superconductor after the application of a perpendicular high magnetic field. Typically, with a SQUID magnetometer, the measurement time in the whole range of temperature with a 1K interval is of 2 hours only by this technique. An intriguing aspect of the obtained results is that they are much more accurate if the current lines are supposed to be circular than if we suppose, as suggested by theoretical considerations and magneto-optical observations that they have the sample symmetry

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity and their effects on predator behaviour

Bibliography: p. 136-147

Tick Tock: When Does the Thirty-Day Clock in Rule 4003(B) Begin

(Excerpt) This Note surveys the competing approaches to the thirty-day limitation and its impact on the rights of both debtors and creditors. It concludes with a proposed solution derived from the bright line approach but extends further to encompass the policies inherent in the Code. Part I provides a background of chapter 7 bankruptcy cases and the applicable Code and Rule provisions that facilitate the estate administration. Part II reviews the conflicting case law and differing interpretations regarding the conclusion of the 341 meeting of creditors. Part III examines the policies, interpretations, and equitable considerations underlying Rule 4003(b). Part III then proposes that Rule 4003(b) be revised to provide that unless the trustee, for cause, announces the future date and time of the adjourned meeting at the 341 meeting of creditors, the thirty-day period begins as of the last date of the creditors meeting. Part III concludes by detailing the practical concerns associated with indefinite adjournments and demonstrates that the proposed solution accords with the values animating the Code and Rules

Facing our future: Social media takeover, coexistence or resistance? The integration of social media and reference services

Academic libraries around the globe have adopted a range of digital technologies to deliver enquiry and reference services. The use of social media by university libraries to communicate with staff and students is now as pervasive as traditional online reference services, such as email. Some libraries use these services in conjunction with each other, but for others there appears to be no interrelation. Is social media the future for reference services or a passing fad? This paper will examine the use of social media by academic libraries in the world’s top 100 universities. This will include the integration of social media with reference services, satisfaction with the use of social media in comparison with other digital reference services, the need for a social media strategy (or not) and the factors determining whether social media is successful. The authors will formulate the benefits of streamlining digital enquiry initiatives and services with the aim of providing the “one stop online shop”

Doppler-free Yb Spectroscopy with Fluorescence Spot Technique

We demonstrate a simple technique to measure the resonant frequency of the 398.9 nm 1S0 - 1P1 transition for the different Yb isotopes. The technique, that works by observing and aligning fluorescence spots, has enabled us to measure transition frequencies and isotope shifts with an accuracy of 60 MHz. We provide wavelength measurements for the transition that differ from previously published work. Our technique also allows for the determination of Doppler shifted transition frequencies for photoionisation experiments when the atomic beam and laser beam are not perpendicular and furthermore allows us to determine the average velocity of the atoms along the direction of atomic beam

Simple manipulation of a microwave dressed-state ion qubit

Many schemes for implementing quantum information processing require that the atomic states used have a non-zero magnetic moment, however such magnetically sensitive states of an atom are vulnerable to decoherence due to fluctuating magnetic fields. Dressing an atom with an external field is a powerful method of reducing such decoherence [N. Timoney et al., Nature 476, 185], even if the states being dressed are strongly coupled to the environment. We introduce an experimentally simpler method of manipulating such a dressed-state qubit, which allows the implementation of general rotations of the qubit, and demonstrate this method using a trapped ytterbium ion