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Through a different lens: researching the rise and fall of New Labour's âpublic confidence agenda
Until June 2010, public confidence in police was at the heart of the UK's police performance framework. In the preceding years, the public confidence agenda (PCA) was addressed through a diverse array of government-initiated programmes and concepts such as âneighbourhood policingâ and âreassurance policingâ that sought to enhance feelings of safety and inspire public confidence in police. Scholars, aware of the significance of fairness in policeâcitizen encounters and the central importance of visibility in building confidence and trust, began to examine the PCA through surveys and other quantifiable assessments of community safety to explore how cooperation and support for police could be encouraged, evaluating âsatisfactoryâ levels amongst citizens and communities and generally interrogating the âpublic confidenceâ agenda. While there have been a variety of conceptual framings and methodological approaches to measure and quantify âpublic confidenceâ, scholars generally have located the concept of âpublic confidenceâ as an objective condition; like the notion of âpublicsâ, a âphenomenon to be achieved, rather than a concept that perhaps needs unwrapping itselfâ. This paper traces the origins and evolution of the PCA. In this paper we advocate the use of a policy analysis approach to explore how âpublic confidenceâ surfaced as a significant policy issue during New Labour's three administrations. The paper seeks to reinsert political analysis into what has become a de-politicised and primarily methodological discussion about the measurement of such a concept. We argue that the PCA is not a collective subject that has sought to express itself universally but was been âcalledâ into existence and moulded by New Labour in order to construct a useful policy domain
Induced antiferromagnetism and large magnetoresistances in RuSr2(Nd,Y,Ce)2Cu2O10-d ruthenocuprates
RuSr2(Nd,Y,Ce)2Cu2O10-d ruthenocuprates have been studied by neutron
diffraction, magnetotransport and magnetisation measurements and the electronic
phase diagram is reported. Separate Ru and Cu spin ordering transitions are
observed, with spontaneous Cu antiferromagnetic order for low hole doping
levels p, and a distinct, induced-antiferromagnetic Cu spin phase in the 0.02 <
p < 0.06 pseudogap region. This ordering gives rise to large negative
magnetoresistances which vary systematically with p in the
RuSr2Nd1.8-xY0.2CexCu2O10-d series. A collapse of the magnetoresistance (MR)
and magnetisation in the pre-superconducting region may signify the onset of
superconducting fluctuations.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figure
Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA): Analysis of the atmospheric revitalization pressure control subsystem
The results of the Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA) of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis/Critical Items List (FMEA/CIL) are presented. The IOA approach features a top-down analysis of the hardware to determine failure modes, criticality, and potential critical items. To preserve independence, this analysis was accomplished without reliance upon the results contained within the NASA FMEA/CIL documentation. The independent analysis results corresponding to the Orbiter Atmospheric Revitalization and Pressure Control Subsystem (ARPCS) are documented. The ARPCS hardware was categorized into the following subdivisions: (1) Atmospheric Make-up and Control (including the Auxiliary Oxygen Assembly, Oxygen Assembly, and Nitrogen Assembly); and (2) Atmospheric Vent and Control (including the Positive Relief Vent Assembly, Negative Relief Vent Assembly, and Cabin Vent Assembly). The IOA analysis process utilized available ARPCS hardware drawings and schematics for defining hardware assemblies, components, and hardware items. Each level of hardware was evaluated and analyzed for possible failure modes and effects. Criticality was assigned based upon the severity of the effect for each failure mode
Phase Mixing of Alfvén Waves Near a 2D Magnetic Null Point
The propagation of linear Alfvén wave pulses in an inhomogeneous plasma near a 2D coronal null point is investigated. When a uniform plasma density is considered, it is seen that an initially planar Alfvén wavefront remains planar, despite the varying equilibrium Alfvén speed, and that all the wave collects at the separatrices. Thus, in the non-ideal case, these Alfvénic disturbances preferentially dissipate their energy at these locations. For a non-uniform equilibrium density, it is found that the Alfvén wavefront is significantly distorted away from the initially planar geometry, inviting the possibility of dissipation due to phase mixing. Despite this however, we conclude that for the Alfvén wave, current density accumulation and preferential heating still primarily occur at the separatrices, even when an extremely non-uniform density profile is considered
Enhancing the work of the Islington Integrated Gangs Team: A pilot study on the response to serious youth violence in Islington
This report is the result of research conducted by the Centre for City Criminology at City, University of London, in partnership with Islingtonâs Integrated Gangs Team (IGT) and the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS). The research was co-funded by MPS and the School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London. Following a collaborative research event in October 2017, City Criminologists were commissioned to carry out a small-scale research project to capture the work of the IGT and to make recommendations regarding its operations, coherence, effectiveness and sustainability. The research team conducted semi-structured interviews over several months with 23 practitioners across the services that constitute the IGT. This report presents the findings and recommendations
Evidence in Virgo for the Universal Dark Matter Halo
A model is constructed for the mass and dynamics of M87 and the Virgo
Cluster. Existing surface photometry of the galaxy, mass estimates from X-ray
observations of the hot intracluster gas, and the velocity dispersions of
early-type Virgo galaxies, all are used to constrain the run of dark matter
density over radii to 2 Mpc in the cluster. The ``universal'' halo advocated by
Navarro, Frenk, & White provides an excellent description of the combined data,
as does a Hernquist profile. These models are favored over isothermal spheres,
and their central structure is preferred to density cusps either much stronger
or much weaker than r^{-1}. The galaxies and gas in the cluster trace its total
mass distribution, the galaxies' velocity ellipsoid is close to isotropic, and
the gas temperature follows the virial temperature profile of the dark halo.
The virial radius and mass and the intracluster gas fraction of Virgo are
evaluated.Comment: ApJ Letters in pres
A Variable Temperature Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study of Colossal Magnetoresistant NdMnAsO0.95F0.05
Date of Acceptance: 11/01/2016 This research was supported by the EPSRC (EP/L002493/1). We also acknowledge STFC-GB for provision of beamtime at the ESRF.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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