The EAT-16: Validation of a Shortened Form of the Eating Attitudes Test

Eating disorders (EDs) are common in certain nonclinical groups, such as college students. Given known health risks and other sequelae of EDs, and difficulties in assessing them, psychometrically sound measures are needed. This study assessed the validity of the EAT-16, a shortened form of the EAT-26. The EAT-16 had been previously proposed and tested as a screening measure for EDs. The measure was tested in the current study in a sample of Caucasian and Hispanic undergraduate females. In a confirmatory factor analysis, the EAT-16 four-factor structure was replicated in the Caucasian and Hispanic groups, and support for metric invariance was found. In the group of half-Hispanic individuals, a novel four-factor structure was found. In the overall sample, convergent validity and diagnostic accuracy of the measure were supported. The results provide support for the use of the EAT-16 total score in screening for eating disorders in nonclinical samples

Fast Fashion from a Buddhist Perspective

The connection between Buddhism and fast fashion is not immediately apparent, nor is it a particularly well-researched area. However, the topic of consumption underlies both topics, relating to each in markedly different ways. Buddhist precepts outline practices of mindful and sustainable consumption within limited means; fast fashion fosters consumption on a massive, global scale. The work of Ernst Friedrich Schumacher, a man with a career in economics that was aided by great concern for the survival and success of humankind, offers clarity to the conversation about Buddhism and fast fashion. He pioneered the field of Buddhist economics, which seeks to maximize human satisfactions by finding the optimal pattern of consumption. By exploring E.F. Schumacher’s Buddhist economics, I will highlight the areas in which fast fashion lacks the “right view.” It is my goal, not only in this paper but also in my life and work, to demonstrate the importance of E.F. Schumacher’s core philosophy — that small is beautiful — with hope to guide the fashion industry onto a better, more sustainable path

Idealistic tendencies in some recent naturalism

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University, 1949. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Seeking an Operational Definition of Dieting: A Daily Diary Study

Dieting is commonly considered a weight loss technique, but research consistently shows that it does not result in weight loss. Thirty to fifty percent of women report that they are dieting at any given time, typically by responding to a single “yes/no” item asking whether they are dieting. To explain why dieting may not result in weight loss, a detailed picture was needed as to people’s behavior when they report that they are dieting, including weight loss strategies and dietary intake. Other constructs previously studied as similar to dieting were “watching what I eat” and “eating healthy.” More information was needed on the behaviors comprising these types of eating. Finally, research had examined predictors of dieting and weight loss behavior, but work was needed to unify results from across this area. This study used a daily diary methodology with a sample of college women to investigate the behaviors involved in dieting, the way dieting differs from “watching” and “eating healthy,” and which predictors of dieting behavior are the most salient. Dieters reported more behavior changes than non-dieters and individuals who reported “watching” or “eating healthy,” in terms of both dietary intake and weight loss strategies. “Watching” and “eating healthy” were behaviorally similar. In terms of predicting weight loss strategies and caloric intake, a factor comprised of weight loss goal and appearance motivation was significant among dieters. Among non-dieters, a different pattern of significant predictors suggested some unhealthy beliefs and strategies

Equivariant Giambelli Formulae for Grassmannians

In this thesis we use Young's raising operators to define and study polynomials which represent the Schubert classes in the equivariant cohomology ring of Grassmannians. For the type A and maximal isotropic Grassmannians, we show that our expressions coincide with the factorial Schur S, P, and Q functions. We define factorial theta polynomials, and conjecture that these represent the Schubert classes in the equivariant cohomology of non-maximal symplectic Grassmannians. We prove that the factorial theta polynomials satisfy the equivariant Chevalley formula, and that they agree with the type C double Schubert polynomials of [IMN] in some cases

Aquatic noise pollution: implications for individuals, populations, and ecosystems

Anthropogenically driven environmental changes affect our planet at an unprecedented scale and are considered to be a key threat to biodiversity. According to the World Health Organization, anthropogenic noise is one of the most hazardous forms of anthropogenically driven environmental change and is recognized as a major global pollutant. However, crucial advances in the rapidly emerging research on noise pollution focus exclusively on single aspects of noise pollution, e.g. on behaviour, physiology, terrestrial ecosystems, or on certain taxa. Given that more than two-thirds of our planet is covered with water, there is a pressing need to get a holistic understanding of the effects of anthropogenic noise in aquatic ecosystems. We found experimental evidence for negative effects of anthropogenic noise on an individual's development, physiology, and/or behaviour in both invertebrates and vertebrates. We also found that species differ in their response to noise, and highlight the potential underlying mechanisms for these differences. Finally, we point out challenges in the study of aquatic noise pollution and provide directions for future research, which will enhance our understanding of this globally present pollutant

Design Thinking in Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges for Decolonized Learning

This article builds upon current research to understand the value and limitations of teaching and learning design thinking (DT) in higher education. We implemented a mixed-methods study with faculty and students across 23 diverse courses in four higher education institutions in the United States. Findings showed that following structured learning processes, engaging in active listening, and focusing on others’ perspectives were the most valued DT practices across disciplines. In contrast, prototyping and experimentation were the least used DT practices, with widely varying understandings across disciplines. Additionally, we found consistent evidence that DT can support liberatory teaching and learning practices that decolonize students’ perceptions of power, encourage situated and action-oriented empathy, and provide opportunities for co-creation. This is particularly true when faculty intentionally encourage collaboration and project framing focused on critically analyzing dominant ways of knowing and power structures. Our analysis further revealed the challenges and importance of prototyping and conducting experiments with project partners. Ultimately, this approach can significantly enhance liberatory project outcomes and facilitate decolonized learning experiences. Given our findings, we point out limitations and challenges across current DT pedagogical practices and provide recommendations for integrating DT practices across disciplines in ways that center on issues of systemic oppression, social identity, and human-environmental relationships

Social work as a career choice (a study of selected variables in the choice of social work as a career)

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Gentry Perceptions of Violence in Fourteenth-Century England

This thesis is an examination of gentry perceptions of violence in fourteenth-century England. It is intended to demonstrate the potential for advancing studies of this nature by combining literary and legal evidence. It is also the aim of this thesis to advance understanding of late-medieval gentry violence by moving beyond focusing on one geographical area, and instead engaging in comparison of different counties, namely Hampshire, Nottinghamshire and Cumberland. This enables an assessment of the impact of different local pressures on gentry perceptions of violence. Ultimately this investigation shows that there was little variety in terms of gentry perceptions of violence nationwide, despite differing local circumstances. Part One of the thesis begins with an introduction to elite society and the balance of power in fourteenth-century Hampshire, Nottinghamshire and Cumberland. It demonstrates that these counties were sufficiently different to enable a meaningful consideration of how far local circumstances affected gentry perceptions of violence. The service engaged in by the sample gentry is then considered. This consideration shows that the sample gentry did not develop a clear preference for military or administrative service and provides a basis for investigation of the impact of different forms of service on perceptions of violence. Part Two commences with the use of legal evidence to provide a range of potential motivations for gentry violence. This is then combined with literary evidence to show that gentry perceptions of violence were affected by motivation, victim, the level of violence, and any impact the violence had on them. The thesis concludes by showing that the gentry did not regard violence as something which was likely to hinder their careers, or a direct affront to the crown. Nonetheless, they did wish for violence to be limited and justified in order to preserve stability