A study of the distribution of Salmonella serovars in an integrated pig company

A total of 3220 faecal samples from 161 pig farms (rearing and finishing units) belonging to an integrated pig enterprise were collected over a period of 18 months. Salmonella was found in 630 (19.5%) of the samples. At the farm level, 111 of 161 premises (69%) had at least one Salmonella- positive sample. 72.8% of rearing units and 66.6% of finishing units were positive for Salmonella; 61.4% of isolates were S. Typhimurium (387/630 isolates), and 25% of isolates were S. Derby (157/630). S. Panama, which was the third most common serovar (4.9% of isolates), is rarely found in pigs or other animals in the UK and appeared to be largely specific to this company, being found in the multiplier herd as well

Using discrete Darboux polynomials to detect and determine preserved measures and integrals of rational maps

In this Letter we propose a systematic approach for detecting and calculating preserved measures and integrals of a rational map. The approach is based on the use of cofactors and Discrete Darboux Polynomials and relies on the use of symbolic algebra tools. Given sufficient computing power, all rational preserved integrals can be found. We show, in two examples, how to use this method to detect and determine preserved measures and integrals of the considered rational maps.Comment: 8 pages, 1 Figur

Linear Darboux polynomials for Lotka-Volterra systems, trees and superintegrable families

We present a method to construct superintegrable $n$-component Lotka-Volterra systems with $3n-2$ parameters. We apply the method to Lotka-Volterra systems with $n$ components for $1 < n < 6$, and present several $n$-dimensional superintegrable families. The Lotka-Volterra systems are in one-to-one correspondence with trees on $n$ vertices.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Why decision making may not require awareness

Newell & Shanks (N&S) argue against the idea that any significant role for unconscious influences on decision making has been established by research to date. Inasmuch as this conclusion applies to the idea of an "intelligent cognitive unconscious," we would agree. Our concern is that the article could lead the unwary to conclude that there are no unconscious influences on decision making - and never could be. We give reasons why this may not be the case