Videotaping Experiments in an Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Course at Pace University

Instructional videos for laboratory experiments performed in an analytical chemistry course were developed to show undergraduate students enrolled in the course how to conduct experiments. Students watched the videos before coming to the laboratory class. The effectiveness of using these videos was evaluated via a postlaboratory survey. The overall response to these videos was positive, with students reporting that the videos helped them to prepare beforehand and to understand the concepts covered in the experiment. The shortened discussion time at the beginning of class resulted in more laboratory time for the students to focus on performing the experiment and for the instructors to supervise, answer questions, make corrections to laboratory techniques, and ensure that the experiment is conducted in a safe manner

An Examination of Maternal Acceptance among Mothers and their Children with ADHD Symptomatology

The current study examined the role of self-reported and child-reported maternal lack of acceptance in increasing the likelihood of developing internalizing and externalizing symptoms among children with ADHD symptomatology. The effects of a social desirability bias on mother’s self-reports of rejection were controlled for. Mother-child agreement about parenting behaviors like warmth/affection, hostility/aggression and indifference/neglect was also investigated. In addition, variables with the potential to affect agreement (i.e., parents’ social desirability bias, child age, child sex) were examined. Participants included 120 boys and 90 girls, 6 to 11 years old (M = 8.25, SD = 1.18) with and without ADHD and their primary parent/guardian (N = 209). Parent and child participants completed self-report instruments separately. Results indicate that the relationship between mother-and-child-reported ADHD symptoms and internalizing symptoms is strongest when mothers exhibit low levels of rejection. Among the ADHD subsample, maternal lack of acceptance acts as a risk factor by strengthening the relationship between hyperactive/impulsive symptoms and externalizing symptoms. In addition, mothers and their children report significantly different levels of parenting behaviors. Child age and child sex were significant predictors of parent-child disagreement

Academic, Social and Emotional Functioning of College Students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with negative occupational, social and psychological outcomes among community samples of adults; as such, it is expected that college students with ADHD face similar struggles. The research targeting this group of individuals, however, is sparse and tempered by significant limitations. The current study aimed to address methodological limitations in the current literature by including instruments to formally diagnosis ADHD and comorbid disorders, utilizing psychometrically sound instruments and comparing functioning of college students with ADHD across gender and subtype. It was hypothesized that participants with ADHD would report lower GPAs, higher levels of emotional distress and negative relationship characteristics than participants without ADHD. It was also hypothesized that participants with ADHD-combined type (ADHD-C) would report higher levels of substance and alcohol use than participants with ADHD-predominately inattentive type (ADHD-I), and that participants with ADHD-I would report higher levels of anxiety and depression than participants with ADHD-C. Women diagnosed with ADHD were expected to report higher levels of anxiety and depression than men diagnosed with ADHD; whereas, men diagnosed with ADHD were expected to report higher levels of substance and alcohol use than women. MANOVA, ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to test hypotheses. Results revealed no significant differences between the ADHD and comparison group on GPA and relationship characteristics. Participants diagnosed with ADHD did report significantly higher emotional distress than participants in the comparison group. No differences in GPA or relationship characteristics were found across ADHD subtype or gender. Overall, these findings provide evidence to suggest that college students with ADHD are functioning relatively well compared to their non-ADHD peers

No, No, No

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp-copyright/8175/thumbnail.jp

Department of Commerce, Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards: Volume 9, Number 3

Report issued by the Bureau of Standards over the thermal expansion of ethyl alcohol. As stated in the introduction, "the scope of the present work includes the preparation of pure anhydrous ethyl alcohol, the determination of the density and thermal expansion of this alcohol and its mixtures with water, and the construction from these data of tables for convenient use" (p. 328). This report includes tables, and illustrations

Local loperamide injection reduces mechanosensitivity of rat cutaneous, nociceptive C-fibers.

Loperamide reverses signs of mechanical hypersensitivity in an animal model of neuropathic pain suggesting that peripheral opioid receptors may be suitable targets for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Since little is known about loperamide effects on the responsiveness of primary afferent nerve fibers, in vivo electrophysiological recordings from unmyelinated afferents innervating the glabrous skin of the hind paw were performed in rats with an L5 spinal nerve lesion or sham surgery. Mechanical threshold and responsiveness to suprathreshold stimulation were tested before and after loperamide (1.25, 2.5 and 5 µg in 10 µl) or vehicle injection into the cutaneous receptive field. Loperamide dose-dependently decreased mechanosensitivity in unmyelinated afferents of nerve-injured and sham animals, and this effect was not blocked by naloxone pretreatment. We then investigated loperamide effects on nerve conduction by recording compound action potentials in vitro during incubation of the sciatic nerve with increasing loperamide concentrations. Loperamide dose-dependently decreased compound action potentials of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers (ED50 = 8 and 4 µg/10 µl, respectively). This blockade was not prevented by pre-incubation with naloxone. These results suggest that loperamide reversal of behavioral signs of neuropathic pain may be mediated, at least in part, by mechanisms independent of opioid receptors, most probably by local anesthetic actions

Naloxone does not block loperamide effects on mechanosensitivity of C-fibers.

<p>A) Naloxone pretreatment does not prevent the loperamide (5 µg/10 µl) – induced increase in mechanical thresholds of C-fibers. Naloxone was used either in a small (4 µg in 10 µl, n = 3) or a high dose (80 µg in 20 µl, n = 10). Medians and 25th percentile data are shown. 75th percentiles were identical to median value. (**p<0.01, Wilcoxon matched pairs, n = 13). B) Loperamide –induced decrease in response to suprathreshold mechanical stimulation, is not prevented by naloxone pretreatment. Loperamide and naloxone doses are identical to those used in A. Medians, 25th percentile and 75th percentiles are shown. (**p<0.01, Wilcoxon matched pairs).</p

The conduction blockade by loperamide was dose-dependent.

<p>A) Dose response curves for the A- and C – CAPs were plotted, and regression analyses were performed for both to estimate the ED₅₀. For the C-CAP (red symbols), the regression line and the dose response data completely overlap. The ED₅₀ for C-CAP (4.0 µg/10 µl) is lower than the ED₅₀ for A-CAP (8.1 µg/10µl), but the 95% confidence intervals overlap slightly. B) The average A-CAP during loperamide incubation was significantly larger than the average C-CAP (inset, paired t-test, p<0.05, n = 10), suggesting that A fibers are less susceptible to loperamide effects.</p