In pursuit of an expressive vocabulary for preserved new media art

The status of the new media, interactive and performance art context appears to complicate our ability to follow conventional preservation approaches. Documentation of digital art materials has been determined to be an appropriate means of resolving associated difficulties, but this demands high levels of expressiveness to support the encapsulation of the myriad elements and qualities of content and context that may influence value and reproducibility. We discuss a proposed Vocabulary for Preserved New Media Works, a means of encapsulating the various information and material dimensions implicit within a work and required to ensure its ongoing availability

Reflections on preserving the state of new media art

As part of its work to explore emerging issues associated with characterisation of digital materials, Planets has explored vocabularies and information structures for expressing the properties integral to the value of digital art. Value encompasses those qualities that must be understood and captured in order to ensure that art works’ sensory, emotional, mental and spiritual resonance remain. Facets of interactivity, modularity and temporality associated with digital art present some critical questions that the preservation community must increasingly be equipped to answer. Because digital art materials exhibit fundamental multidimensionality, validating the successful preservation of creative experience demands the explication of more than just file characteristics. Understanding relationships between objects also implies an understanding of their respective functional qualities. This paper presents a Planets’ vocabulary for encapsulating contextual and implicit characteristics of digital art, optimised for preservation planning and validation

Variable camber rotor study

Deployment of variable camber concepts on helicopter rotors was analytically assessed. It was determined that variable camber extended the operating range of helicopters provided that the correct compromise can be obtained between performance/loads gains and mechanical complexity. A number of variable camber concepts were reviewed on a two dimensional basis to determine the usefulness of leading edge, trailing edge and overall camber variation schemes. The most powerful method to vary camber was through the trailing edge flaps undergoing relatively small motions (-5 deg to +15 deg). The aerodynamic characteristics of the NASA/Ames A-1 airfoil with 35% and 50% plain trailing edge flaps were determined by means of current subcritical and transonic airfoil design methods and used by rotor performance and loads analysis codes. The most promising variable camber schedule reviewed was a configuration with a 35% plain flap deployment in an on/off mode near the tip of a blade. Preliminary results show approximately 11% reduction in power is possible at 192 knots and a rotor thrust coefficient of 0.09. The potential demonstrated indicates a significant potential for expanding the operating envelope of the helicopter. Further investigation into improving the power saving and defining the improvement in the operational envelope of the helicopter is recommended

Trapping Oyster Drills In Virginia II. The time factor in relation to the catch per trap

In using traps to remove drills from oyster ground, assuming that trapping is an effective method of reducing the activities of these pests, it is important to keep costs at a minimum. One way of reducing the cost of trapping is to increase the time interval between lifts, but if the efficiency of traps varies with time, the nature of this relationship should be considered in choosing the optimum fishing interval. The influence of time on the catch must also be known to determine the significance of the catch per trap in drill trapping experiments. Dr. Andrews, in the first paper of this series, used the catch per 100 traps per day as an index of availability. Are these indices comparable when the period between lifts of the traps varies, as it sometimes did on account of bad weather or for other reasons

The pound-net fishery in Virginia. Part 2. Species composition of landings reported as menhaden

Pound nets have been the most important fishing gear for food fishes in Virginia waters of Chesapeake Bay since 1880 (Reid 1955) and the history of this fishery to a great extent reflects the varying fortunes of the fisheries of that State. Since 1929 the average annual catch in pound nets in Virginia has been about 50 million pounds, roughly 20 percent of which was reported as menhaden. Actually these menhaden include varyint?: quantities of other fish species, sometimes predominantly young food fishes, too small to market as human food. This part of the pound-net catch is sometimes used as industrial fish, but in many parts of the Bay it is sold as bait for crab pots. It is commonly referred to as scrap fish, and for convenience this term has been used here to denote that part of the pound-net catch not sold for human consumption. Concern has been expressed at various times that this harvest of small fishes is wasteful, yet no really effective action has been taken to determine the facts needed for an intelligent appreciation of the situation. Reid (1955) has reviewed the tribulations that accompanied introduction of pound nets to Virginia waters. Early reports of the Virginia Commission of Fisheries emphasize the destruction caused by these nets, and in 1914 a cull law was enacted designating minimum sizes of fishes that may be caught (Code of Virginia, Section 28-45). It soon became apparent that the value of this law was limited, for most undersized fish were dead before culling could be done, and it was suggested on various occasions that an increase in mesh size, or closed seasons at certain times, would offer more practical solutions

A Comparison of Modified Food Chaining and Simultaneous Presentation Plus Nonremoval of the Spoon to Treat Food Selectivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Feeding disorders can range from mild (e.g., food selectivity by taste or texture) to severe (e.g., total food refusal; Bachmeyer, 2009). If left untreated, feeding disorders can result in serious health ramifications, including malnutrition, growth delays, and developmental delays (Kern & Marder, 1996). Recent studies comparing commonly used occupational therapy (OT) treatments and empirically supported applied behavior analysis (ABA) treatments found that the ABA treatments were effective for all children while the OT treatments were ineffective for all children exposed to the OT treatment (Addison et al., 2012; Peterson, Piazza, & Volkert, 2016). We used a multielement design to compare a modified version of a commonly used treatment, food chaining, and an empirically validated ABA treatment to treat the food selectivity of 2 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). For both children, consumption of the target foods only increased during the ABA-treatment condition. We subsequently faded the size of the preferred food within the simultaneous-presentation arrangement, moved to a sequential-presentation arrangement, and then thinned the schedule of reinforcement. We will discuss the results within the context of treatment implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research

Trapping Oyster Drills In Virginia III. The Catch Per Trap In Relation To Condition Of Bait

In the course of trapping experiments previously described (Andrews 1955, McHugh 1955), a question arose concerning deterioration of bait with time. It is fairly obvious to those who fish the traps that the condition of the bait changes. The smallest oysters die first, through predation by drills, crabs, and other enemies, and through smothering in the muddy bottom. Barnacles and other organisms on the shells also die from various causes. The valves of the dead oysters soon separate, and some are lost through meshes of the trap, so that the volume of bait also decreases. Stauber (1943) found that efficiency of traps decreased as the interval between lifts increased, He found. also that the catch increased significantly after rebaiting. A series of 20 traps was fished from the Virginia Fisheries Laboratory pier from July 1953 to December 1955. Although the traps were not rebaited until early October 1954, the catch per trap was greater during the second summer. If bait does deteriorate, as Stauber (1943) and others have concluded, this increased catch must reflect an increase in abundance or availability of Urosalpinx in 1954. But by October 1954, the bait consisted mainly of isolated valves, and the · few surviving oysters were thick-shelled and blunt. It was decided to conduct a controlled experiment with these traps to test the effect of rebaiting. This.experiment began in October i954 and continued through the summer of 1955

The management of Virginia\u27s seafood resources

According to figures collected and published by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the annual seafood landings in Virginia since 1880 have averaged about 254,000,000 pounds. In recent years this catch has brought an annual income to the fishermen of close to $20,000,000. Among the 48 states, Virginia is the third largest producer in weight of seafoods, and the fifth largest in terms of the landed value of the catch