Geology of the southernmost Deschutes basin, Tumalo quadrangle, Deschutes County, Oregon

The Tumalo quadrangle lies approximately 30 kilometers behind the Cascade volcanic arc and marks the southernmost extent of continuously exposed Deschutes Formation rocks. Deschutes Formation rocks in the Tumalo quadrangle include late Miocene volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, ignimbrites and lapillistones, and late Miocene to early Pliocene basalts and basaltic andesites. Volcaniclastic sediment and pyroclastic flows originated from sources west to southwest of the Tumalo area and were the products of Early High Cascade arc volcanism. Most pyroclastic flows and falls had silicic compositions and silicic volcanic material dominated the sedimentary deposits. Intermittent and apparently widespread, high discharge events onto a back-arc alluvial plain deposited tuffaceous sediments, much of which became incipient soils during long periods of subaerial exposure. The close of sedimentation was coincident with the initiation of local volcanism at approximately 5.4 Ma. Several small monogenetic shield volcanoes and cinder cones in the Tumalo area erupted the basalt and basaltic andesite lavas which cap the sedimentary section. The basalts are typically porphyritic and high in A1203. Basaltic andesites are aphyric to sparsely porphyritic, are commonly high in FeO and Ti02, appear younger than the basalts, and are not related to the basalts by simple fractionation. Both lava types have relatively evolved compositions based on their Fe' values. An inlier of older Tertiary rhyodacite lavas known as Cline Buttes lies near the northern boundary of the study and is the only locally exposed pre-Deschutes Formation unit. The southern part of the Tumalo quadrangle marks the boundary between continuously exposed Deschutes Formation rocks to the north and Late High Cascade volcanic units to the south. After a hiatus of approximately 4 million years, deposition in the Tumalo area resumed at approximately 0.6 Ma when pyroclastic flows from the High Cascade Range flowed east and northeast into the Tumalo area to rest disconformably above the Deschutes Formation. A diktytaxitic basalt from Newberry volcano locally overlies the pyroclastic units. Widespread, thick alluvium obscures some 16 km2 of bedrock in the study area and appears to be the result of deposition during high discharge events associated with late Pleistocene to Holocene age glaciation of the High Cascade Range. Some thirty en echelon normal faults of the Tumalo fault zone trend between N15°-35°W and cut Pleistocene and older units in the Tumalo quadrangle. Deschutes Formation basalt and basaltic andesite vents are localized in the fault zone. This suggests volcanism was structurally controlled and that an tensional stress regime with a northeast-southwest least compressive stress orientation prevailed in the Tumalo area between the late Miocene to late Pleistocene

Supervision 2.0: Culturally Competent and Creative Online Supervision Practices

The below documentation is an analysis of online integrative based supervision ideas with multicultural considerations. Various interventions with supervisees, which are aimed for supervisee reflective growth and client beneficence, are also discussed. Following Integrated Supervision Framework (ISF) description, a case vignette introducing reflective and inclusive online strategies is described. Future issues potentially affecting consideration of online supervision will also be described

McDannel_Angela_K_1989_Plate1.jpg

The Tumalo quadrangle lies approximately 30 kilometers behind the Cascade volcanic arc and marks the southernmost extent of continuously exposed Deschutes Formation rocks. Deschutes Formation rocks in the Tumalo quadrangle include late Miocene volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, ignimbrites and lapillistones, and late Miocene to early Pliocene basalts and basaltic andesites. Volcaniclastic sediment and pyroclastic flows originated from sources west to southwest of the Tumalo area and were the products of Early High Cascade arc volcanism. Most pyroclastic flows and falls had silicic compositions and silicic volcanic material dominated the sedimentary deposits. Intermittent and apparently widespread, high discharge events onto a back-arc alluvial plain deposited tuffaceous sediments, much of which became incipient soils during long periods of subaerial exposure. The close of sedimentation was coincident with the initiation of local volcanism at approximately 5.4 Ma. Several small monogenetic shield volcanoes and cinder cones in the Tumalo area erupted the basalt and basaltic andesite lavas which cap the sedimentary section. The basalts are typically porphyritic and high in A1203. Basaltic andesites are aphyric to sparsely porphyritic, are commonly high in FeO and Ti02, appear younger than the basalts, and are not related to the basalts by simple fractionation. Both lava types have relatively evolved compositions based on their Fe' values. An inlier of older Tertiary rhyodacite lavas known as Cline Buttes lies near the northern boundary of the study and is the only locally exposed pre-Deschutes Formation unit. The southern part of the Tumalo quadrangle marks the boundary between continuously exposed Deschutes Formation rocks to the north and Late High Cascade volcanic units to the south. After a hiatus of approximately 4 million years, deposition in the Tumalo area resumed at approximately 0.6 Ma when pyroclastic flows from the High Cascade Range flowed east and northeast into the Tumalo area to rest disconformably above the Deschutes Formation. A diktytaxitic basalt from Newberry volcano locally overlies the pyroclastic units. Widespread, thick alluvium obscures some 16 km2 of bedrock in the study area and appears to be the result of deposition during high discharge events associated with late Pleistocene to Holocene age glaciation of the High Cascade Range. Some thirty en echelon normal faults of the Tumalo fault zone trend between N15°-35°W and cut Pleistocene and older units in the Tumalo quadrangle. Deschutes Formation basalt and basaltic andesite vents are localized in the fault zone. This suggests volcanism was structurally controlled and that an tensional stress regime with a northeast-southwest least compressive stress orientation prevailed in the Tumalo area between the late Miocene to late Pleistocene

McDannel_Angela_K_1989.pdf

The Tumalo quadrangle lies approximately 30 kilometers behind the Cascade volcanic arc and marks the southernmost extent of continuously exposed Deschutes Formation rocks. Deschutes Formation rocks in the Tumalo quadrangle include late Miocene volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, ignimbrites and lapillistones, and late Miocene to early Pliocene basalts and basaltic andesites. Volcaniclastic sediment and pyroclastic flows originated from sources west to southwest of the Tumalo area and were the products of Early High Cascade arc volcanism. Most pyroclastic flows and falls had silicic compositions and silicic volcanic material dominated the sedimentary deposits. Intermittent and apparently widespread, high discharge events onto a back-arc alluvial plain deposited tuffaceous sediments, much of which became incipient soils during long periods of subaerial exposure. The close of sedimentation was coincident with the initiation of local volcanism at approximately 5.4 Ma. Several small monogenetic shield volcanoes and cinder cones in the Tumalo area erupted the basalt and basaltic andesite lavas which cap the sedimentary section. The basalts are typically porphyritic and high in A1203. Basaltic andesites are aphyric to sparsely porphyritic, are commonly high in FeO and Ti02, appear younger than the basalts, and are not related to the basalts by simple fractionation. Both lava types have relatively evolved compositions based on their Fe' values. An inlier of older Tertiary rhyodacite lavas known as Cline Buttes lies near the northern boundary of the study and is the only locally exposed pre-Deschutes Formation unit. The southern part of the Tumalo quadrangle marks the boundary between continuously exposed Deschutes Formation rocks to the north and Late High Cascade volcanic units to the south. After a hiatus of approximately 4 million years, deposition in the Tumalo area resumed at approximately 0.6 Ma when pyroclastic flows from the High Cascade Range flowed east and northeast into the Tumalo area to rest disconformably above the Deschutes Formation. A diktytaxitic basalt from Newberry volcano locally overlies the pyroclastic units. Widespread, thick alluvium obscures some 16 km2 of bedrock in the study area and appears to be the result of deposition during high discharge events associated with late Pleistocene to Holocene age glaciation of the High Cascade Range. Some thirty en echelon normal faults of the Tumalo fault zone trend between N15°-35°W and cut Pleistocene and older units in the Tumalo quadrangle. Deschutes Formation basalt and basaltic andesite vents are localized in the fault zone. This suggests volcanism was structurally controlled and that an tensional stress regime with a northeast-southwest least compressive stress orientation prevailed in the Tumalo area between the late Miocene to late Pleistocene

Species concentration and temperature measurements in a lean, premixed flow stabilized by a reverse jet

The chemical and thermal structure and the emission performance of an aerodynamic flameholder are presented and examined. Recirculation is established by injecting a premixed jet into an opposing mainstream of premixed reactants. The injection of the jet directly into the recirculation zone provides a control of the stabilization zone mixture ratio, temperature, and size not found in bluffbody flameholding. The size and stoichiometry of the recirculation zone is dictated by the jet velocity and mixture ratio respectively. A parametric study of the controlling variables (main and jet stream velocities, main and jet stream equivalence ratios) reveals the partitioning between the recirculation zone and wake in both the heat release and pollutant production. An examination of the emission indexes and flowfield profiles of temperature and species concentration establishes the influence and control of jet and mainstream conditions on pollutant production. A reduction in jet velocity and/or an enrichment of the jet, for example, effects a substantial change in NO, emission. Further, jet enrichment extends the lean blow-off limit of the mainstream. There exists a point, however, beyond which the reaction is not supported in the wake and further leaning of the mainstream results in a substantial emission of unspent fuel. © 1982, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved

WM-4522 QUANTIFYING THE CERCLA PROCESS: USE OF DECISION SUPPORT MODELING TO IMPROVE TECHNOLOGY SELECTION FOR AN ACTUAL MIXED WASTE SITE

ABSTRACT This paper describes a technology evaluation process that was used to evaluate various remediation technology options for mixed radioactive and hazardous wastes that are present in four subsurface "Vtanks" at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The process used a Decision Support Model that was specifically designed to support the technology evaluation process, in accordance with Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) guidelines. Use of a Decision Support Model had never been formally included before in CERCLA technology evaluation decisions conducted at the INEEL. The model significantly improved technology selection by quantifying the basis for the final decision. The subsurface tank wastes evaluated by this process are aqueous sludge sediments and non-aqueousphase liquids that were produced at the INEEL between the 1950s and 1980s. They contain a variety of inorganic, organic, and radioactive contaminants, such as mercury, cadmium, various chlorinated solvents, polychlorinated biphenyl, Cs 137 , Sr 90 and plutonium. A 1999 Record of Decision (ROD) is currently in place supporting off-Site treatment of this waste. The off-Site facility capable of treating the waste is no longer available, however. The technology selection process described here was part of a ROD amendment effort aimed at recommending new on-Site technology alternatives for the V-tank wastes. The process evaluated seven potential remediation technologies. They include two batch vitrification systems, three thermal desorption systems, and two chemical oxidation/stabilization systems. Each technology option was initially designed to meet CERCLA threshold criteria associated with Overall Protection of Human Health and the Environment, and Compliance with Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements (ARARs). The technology options were then evaluated in accordance with CERCLA balancing criteria related to Implementability, Short-Term Effectiveness, Reduction of Toxicity Mobility & Volume (TMV), Cost, and Long-Term Effectiveness, using the Decision Support Model. The report includes information on setup of the model, which broke the balancing criteria into smaller sub-criteria, and assigned value functions and weighting factors to each sub-criteria. The assigning of weighting factors was as defined by the Agencies (i.e., the U.S Department of Energy-Idaho Operations Office [DOE-ID], Region 10 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], and the Idaho State Department of Environmental Quality [IDEQ]). Technology experts within the INEEL then provided performance data useful in assigning relative "values" to each sub-criteria, for each of the seven technology options. The sub-criteria "values" were multiplied by their respective weighting factors, with the weighted "values" added together to produce an "overall value" for each technology option. These "overall" values were then compared against each other, to aid in the final technology selection process. Results of the technology evaluation identified Ex Situ Chemical Oxidation/Stabilization (ES-CO/S) as the preferred option for remediating the V-tank waste. Even though the "overall value" distinctions between the various technology options were somewhat less than desired, the quantified decision produced by the Decision Support Model was sufficient to accelerate Federal and State Agency acceptance of ES-CO/S as the preferred technology option. Use of the Decision Support Model also improved presentation of the technology evaluation process to the public