4,349 research outputs found
A review and evaluation of the Langley Research Center's Scientific and Technical Information Program: Results of phase 6: The technical report. A survey and analysis
Current practice and usage using selected technical reports; literature relative to the sequential, language, and presentation components of technical reports; and NASA technical report publications standards are discussed. The effctiveness of the technical report as a product for information dissemination is considered
Unraveling the Helix Nebula: Its Structure and Knots
Through HST imaging of the inner part of the main-ring of the Helix Nebula
together with CTIO 4-m images of the fainter outer parts, we have an
unprecedented-quality view of the nearest bright planetary nebula. These images
have allowed determination that the main-ring of the nebula is composed of an
inner-disk of about 499\arcsec diameter (0.52 pc) surrounded by an outer-ring
(in reality a torus) of 742\arcsec diameter (0.77 pc) whose plane is highly
inclined to the plane of the disk. This outer-ring is surrounded by an
outermost-ring of 1500\arcsec (1.76 pc) diameter which is flattened on the side
colliding with the ambient interstellar medium. The inner-disk has an extended
distribution of low density gas along its rotational axis of symmetry and the
disk is optically thick to ionizing radiation, as is the outer-ring.
Published radial velocities of the knots provides support for the
two-component structure of the main-ring of the nebula and to the idea that the
knots found there are expanding along with the nebular material from which it
recently originated. There is a change in the morphology of the knots as a
function of the distance from the local ionization front. This supports a
scenario in which the knots are formed in or near the ionization front and are
then sculpted by the stellar radiation from the central star as the ionization
front advances beyond them.Comment: 30 pages, 20 figures, many figures have reduce fidelity for astroph
preprint. Note: URLs in preprint were change
Dynamics of Quasi-ordered Structure in a Regio-regulated pi-Conjugated Polymer:Poly(4-methylthiazole-2,5-diyl)
Dynamics of regio-regulated Poly(4-methylthiazole-2,5-diyl) [HH-P4MeTz] was
inves tigated by solid-state 1H, 2D, 13C NMR spectroscopies, and differential
scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurements. DSC, 2D quadrupolar echo NMR, 13C
cross-polarization and magic-angle spinning(CPMAS) NMR, and 2D spin-echo(2DSE)
CPMAS NMR spectroscopy suggest existence of a quasi-ordered phase in which
backbone twists take place with weakened pi-stackings. Two-dimensional exchange
2D NMR(2DEX) detected slow dynamics with a rate of an order of 10^2Hz for the
CD_3 group in d_3-HH-P4MeTz at 288K. The frequency dependence of proton
longitudinal relaxation rate at 288K shows a omega^-1/2 dependence, which is
due to the one-dimensional diffusion-like motion of backbone conformational
modulation waves. The diffusion rate was estimated as 3+/-2 GHz, which was
approximately 10^7 times larger than that estimated by 2DEX NMR measurements.
These results suggest that there exists anomalous dispersion of modulation
waves in HH-P4MeTz. The one-dimensional group velocity of the wave packet is
responsible for the behavior of proton longitudinal relaxation time. On the
other hand, the 2DEX NMR is sensitive to phase velocity of the nutation of
methyl groups that is associated with backbone twists. From proton T_1 and T_2
measurements, the activation energy was estimated as 2.9 and 3.4 kcal/mol,
respectively. These were in agreement with 3.0 kcal/mol determined by
Moller-Plesset(MP2) molecular orbital(MO) calculation. We also performed
chemical shielding calculation of the methyl-carbon in order to understand
chemical shift tensor behavior, leading to the fact that a quasi-ordered phase
coexist with the crystalline phase.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.
Defining forgiveness: Christian clergy and general population perspectives.
The lack of any consensual definition of forgiveness is a serious weakness in the research literature (McCullough, Pargament & Thoresen, 2000). As forgiveness is at the core of Christianity, this study returns to the Christian source of the concept to explore the meaning of forgiveness for practicing Christian clergy. Comparisons are made with a general population sample and social science definitions of forgiveness to ensure that a shared meaning of forgiveness is articulated. Anglican and Roman Catholic clergy (N = 209) and a general population sample (N = 159) completed a postal questionnaire about forgiveness. There is agreement on the existence of individual differences in forgiveness. Clergy and the general population perceive reconciliation as necessary for forgiveness while there is no consensus within psychology. The clergy suggests that forgiveness is limitless and that repentance is unnecessary while the general population suggests that there are limits and that repentance is necessary. Psychological definitions do not conceptualize repentance as necessary for forgiveness and the question of limits has not been addressed although within therapy the implicit assumption is that forgiveness is limitless.</p
Failure of vaccination to prevent outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease
Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease persist in dairy cattle herds in Saudi Arabia despite revaccination at intervals of 4-6 months. Vaccine trials provide data on antibody responses following vaccination. Using this information we developed a mathematical model of the decay of protective antibodies with which we estimated the fraction of susceptible animals at a given time after vaccination. The model describes the data well, suggesting over 95% take with an antibody half-life of 43 days. Farm records provided data on the time course of five outbreaks. We applied a 'SLIR' epidemiological model to these data, fitting a single parameter representing disease transmission rate. The analysis provides estimates of the basic reproduction number R(0), which may exceed 70 in some cases. We conclude that the critical intervaccination interval which would provide herd immunity against FMDV is unrealistically short, especially for heterologous challenge. We suggest that it may not be possible to prevent foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks on these farms using currently available vaccines
Microwave Electronics
Contains reports on four research projects.Lincoln Laboratory (Purchase Order B-00306)United States Air Force (Contract AF19(604)-5200)United States NavyUnited States Arm
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