A Brief History of Providence College

A New York City native drawn to Providence College by the love and example of her uncle, Rev. Cornelius P. Forster, O.P., Dr. Donna T. McCaffrey ’73G, ’83 Ph.D., and ’87G was a seminal figure in the history of the College — the same history she chronicled so fondly and scrupulously. Her 522-page doctoral dissertation, “The Origins and Early History of Providence College Through 1947,” described in vivid detail the people and the events that aligned a century ago to realize the bold vision of the Right Rev. Matthew Harkins, D.D., bishop of Providence, to build a Catholic college in the diocese. Dr. McCaffrey had a significant impact on generations of Providence College students, both as a faculty member and as a residence director who helped integrate women into the student population in 1975. This brief version of her dissertation was published in 1992, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of Providence College. Dr. McCaffrey died in January 2016 at the age of 66

Charles Townshend and Plans for British East Florida

Almost every historical account of the background of the American Revolution necessarily brings in the career of Charles Townshend.1 He introduced and guided through Parliament in 1767 the Townshend program of taxation for America. In so doing, Townshend reopened the dispute between the colonies and the mother country that had been moderated in the previous year by the repeal of the Stamp Act. For some years Townshend had been deeply concerned about colonial matters and was regarded as the expert on American affairs. 2 As a member of the Board of Trade, he had studied colonial problems. At the request of the Duke of Newcastle, first lord of the Treasury, he had prepared an evaluation in 1754 of the Halifax Plan of Union for America.3 Both of his brothers saw military service in North America during the French and Indian War.4 During the negotiations to end that war, Townshend was consulted by the king on the question of compensation for the return of Havana. Lord Bute, first lord of the Treasury, and the king believed that the cession of Florida by Spain would be adequate for the return of Cuba by England. Townshend thought otherwise, and he argued that Florida was not sufficient compensation and that Puerto Rico should be demanded from Spain as part of the peace settlement.5 Although Townshend expressed negative views about Florida, he did acknowledge that it had potential for development.6 As a result of the cession of Florida to Great Britain in the treaty of 1763, Townshend became deeply involved in plans for the settlement of this new province

A Theory of Political Entrepreneurship

This paper adapts the entrepreneurial theory developed by Richard Cantillon, Frank Knight, and Ludwig von Mises to the theory of “political entrepreneurship.” Political entrepreneurship is an outgrowth of the theory of the market entrepreneur, and derives from extending entrepreneurial theory from the market into the po-litical sphere of action. By applying the theory of the entrepreneur to political behavior, we provide a basis for identifying political entrepreneurs, and for separating them analytically from other government agents. The essence of political entrepreneurship is the redirection of production from the path it would have taken in an unregulated market. Nevertheless, this production does produce an income stream to political entrepre-neurs which closely resembles the profit of market entrepreneurs

Science Basis for Changing Forest Structure to Modify Wildfire Behavior and Severity

This report describes the kinds, quality, amount, and gaps of scientific knowledge for making informed decisions on fuel treatments used to modify wildfire behavior and effects in dry forests of the interior Western United States (especially forests dominated by ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir). A review of scientific principles and applications relevant to fuel treatment primarily for the dry forests is provided for the following topics: fuels, fire hazard, fire behavior, fire effects, forest structure, treatment effects and longevity, landscape fuel patterns, and scientific tools useful for management and planning

Environmental remediation and its discontents: the contested cleanup of Vieques, Puerto Rico

Since protest forced the US Navy off Vieques Island, Puerto Rico in 2003, the US military has embarked on one of the largest environmental remediation projects it has ever undertaken. This article explores the way a narrowly conceived, technocratic cleanup process is translated onto an island with a deep history of grassroots mobilization and antagonism towards federal authority. The Restoration Advisory Board (RAB) is a crucible for considering the uneasy dynamics of cleanup. US law enshrines the RAB as the principal venue for "public participation" in the cleanup process. However, the prevailing technocratic framework, constrained by under-resourced bureaucratic agencies, clashes with more encompassing concepts of environmental justice. Citizen members of the RAB, nonetheless, approach the committee as a point of access to information about the remediation process, and leverage their participation as a tool for advancing a broader set of environmental justice claims

Agile Parameter Affecting Supply Chain Management Strategy

The aim of this paper is to summarize Supply Chain Management (SCM) strategies which are getting affected by the agile parameters. Agile parameters are classified into Capabler, Driver, and Enabler may help an expert to take a decision in an agile environment for accepting changes. Agile development affects the working style of the modules in SCM. This paper shows business process agility defined by the number of the parameter affecting the working style of the SCM modules. The study includes a causal analysis of SCM modules based on the review of a number of research papers and books. SCM based case study of inventory management of swatches is studied with the strategy mapping in different modules based on agile parameters. Set of parameters is studied as per the case study of swatch inventory management in agile development. Mapping agile parameters at different strategies in the changing environment makes a system to understand the impact and future of the agile parameters at different levels of SCM modules. Finding the different type of agility and amount of agility in the SCM system can be an enhancement of this paper

Practice variation in late-preterm deliveries: a physician survey

Objective: Late preterm (LPT) neonates account for over 70% of all preterm births in the US. Approximately 60% of LPT births are the result of non-spontaneous deliveries.The optimal timing of delivery for many obstetric conditions at LPT gestations is unclear, likely resulting in obstetric practice variation. The purpose of this study is to identify variation in the obstetrical management of LPT pregnancies. Study design: We surveyed obstetrical providers in NC identified from NC Medical Board and NC Obstetrical and Gynecological Society membership lists. Participants answered demographic questions and 6 multiple-choice vignettes on management of LPT pregnancies. Result: We obtained 215/859 (29%) completed surveys; 167 (78%) from Obstetrics/Gynecology, 27 (13%) from Maternal-Fetal Medicine, and 21 (10%) from Family Medicine physicians. Overall, we found more agreement on respondents’ management of chorioamnionitis (97% would proceed with delivery), mild preeclampsia (84% would delay delivery/expectantly manage), and fetal growth restriction (80% would delay delivery/expectantly manage). We found less agreement on the management of severe preeclampsia (71% would proceed with delivery), premature preterm rupture of membranes (69% would proceed with delivery), and placenta previa (67% would delay delivery/expectantly manage). Management of LPT pregnancies complicated by PPROM, FGR, and placenta previa vary by specialty. Conclusion: Obstetrical providers report practice variation in the management of LPT pregnancies. Variation might be influenced by provider specialty. The absence of widespread agreement on best practice might be a source of modifiable LPT birth

GNSS Differential Code Bias Determination Using Rao‐Blackwellized Particle Filtering

The Assimilative Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (A-CHAIM) is a near-real-time data assimilation model of the high latitude ionosphere, incorporating measurements from many instruments, including slant Total Electron Content measurements from ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. These measurements have receiver-specific Differential Code Biases (DCB) which must be resolved to produce an absolute measurement, which are resolved simultaneously with the ionospheric state using Rao-Blackwellized particle filtering. These DCBs are compared to published values and to DCBs determined using eight different Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM), which show small but consistent systematic differences. The potential cause of these systematic biases is investigated using multiple experimental A-CHAIM test runs, including the effect of plasmaspheric electron content. By running tests using the GIM-derived DCBs, it is shown that using A-CHAIM DCBs produces the lowest overall error, and that using GIM DCBs causes an overestimation of the topside electron density which can exceed 100% when compared to in situ measurements from DMSP

Rab-coupling protein coordinates recycling of α5β1 integrin and EGFR1 to promote cell migration in 3D microenvironments

Here we show that blocking the adhesive function of αvβ3 integrin with soluble RGD ligands, such as osteopontin or cilengitide, promoted association of Rab-coupling protein (RCP) with α5β1 integrin and drove RCP-dependent recycling of α5β1 to the plasma membrane and its mobilization to dynamic ruffling protrusions at the cell front. These RCP-driven changes in α5β1 trafficking led to acquisition of rapid/random movement on two-dimensional substrates and to a marked increase in fibronectin-dependent migration of tumor cells into three-dimensional matrices. Recycling of α5β1 integrin did not affect its regulation or ability to form adhesive bonds with substrate fibronectin. Instead, α5β1 controlled the association of EGFR1 with RCP to promote the coordinate recycling of these two receptors. This modified signaling downstream of EGFR1 to increase its autophosphorylation and activation of the proinvasive kinase PKB/Akt. We conclude that RCP provides a scaffold that promotes the physical association and coordinate trafficking of α5β1 and EGFR1 and that this drives migration of tumor cells into three-dimensional matrices