Tun Seri Lanang: dari Istana Batu Sawar ke Naggaroe Acheh Darussalam

Tun Seri Lanang adalah seorang ahli politik dan pujangga ternama yang berasal dari istana Johor di Batu Sawar. Pada tahun 1613, Tun Seri Lanang telah di tawan oleh bala tentera Sultan Iskandar Muda Mahkota Alam dari Acheh, kemudian dibawa ke Acheh bersama-sama Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah III dan adindanya Raja Abdullah. Sumber sejarah di Tanah Melayu menganggap Tun Seri Lanang meninggal dunia di Acheh. Peranannya selepas ditawan dan dibawa ke Acheh tidak banyak diperkatakan. Sungguh pun begitu, sumber-sumber sejarah dari Acheh menunjukkan bahawa Tun Seri Lanang tidak dipenjarakan atau meninggal dunia di dalam penjara, sebaliknya beliau telah dilantik menjadi Raja Samarlanga. Beliau juga dilantik menjadi penasihat kepada paduka Sultan Mahkota Alam dan dua orang penggantinya. Beliau mungkin telah diselamatkan atas pengaruh Raja Puteri Kamaliah, iaitu puteri Pahang yang telah dikahwini Sultan Iskandar Muda Mahkota Alam yang kemudiannya menjadi permaisuri Acheh. Artikel ini merupakan laporan penyelidikan mengenai kehidupan dan sumbangan Tun Seri Lanang semasa di Acheh. Pada masa ini Tun Seri Lanang menjadi tokoh kepada tiga buah negara iaitu Malaysia, Singapura dan Naggaroe Acheh Darussalam

Analysis on Sex Education in Schools Across Malaysia

AbstractThe objective of this research is to analyse the respondent's perceptions on whether sex education or elements of it are being taught in Malaysian schools. This issue should be highlighted since there are so many sex-related social problems among the teenagers.Before giving their feedback, the respondents were first introduced on the aspects of sexuality education based on UNESCO's 2009 curriculum guideline. Based from the data received, 90% of the respondents agreed that sex education has not been taught in Malaysian schools. The respondents explained that the informal information given by most of the teachers were vague thus defeating the purpose of the students to learn on the issues

Pendekatan Service-Learning dalam Kursus Kemahiran Insaniah: transformasi positif dalam kalangan pelajar perubatan UKM-UNPAD

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat tahap keberkesanan pendekatan pembelajaran melalui kaedah Service- Learning (SL) berjaya dalam pembangunan Kemahiran insaniah (KI) pelajar secara langsung. Ia menganalisa dan menghuraikan pemupukan nilai kebertanggungjawaban di kalangan 37 orang pelajar Fakulti Perubatan UKM-UNPAD setelah selesai melengkapi keperluan Kursus KI. Dapatan dianalisis melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan menghimpunkan perancangan, laporan aktiviti dan refleksi berstruktur yang dihasilkan oleh pelajar. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat impak dan transformasi yang positif dalam konteks pembelajaran bermakna dan pembangunan diri para peserta melalui pendekatan SL terutama pemupukan nilai kebertanggungjawapan sosial yang merupakan salah satu atribut dan elemen penting yang ingin dicapai dalam aspek KI pelajar

Antioxidant activities of phenolic rich fractions (PRFs) obtained from black mahlab (Monechma ciliatum) and white mahlab (Prunus mahaleb) seedcakes

The antioxidant activities of phenolic rich fractions (PRFs) from crude methanolic extract (CME), and its fractions using ethyl acetate (EAF), hexane (HF) and water (WF) of black mahlab (Monechma ciliatum) and white mahlab (Prunus mahaleb) seedcakes were investigated. The total phenolic compounds were found to be higher in white mahlab than black mahlab seedcakes. The antioxidant activity determined by the DPPH method revealed that black mahlab PRFs had the highest antioxidant activity, compared to white mahlab fractions. The presence of antioxidants in the two mahlab PRFs reduced the oxidation of β-carotene by hydroperoxides from these extracts/fractions. The effect of the two mahlab PRFs on the oxidative stability of corn oil at 70 °C was tested in the dark and compared with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The CME performed better antioxidant activity in inhibiting the formation of both primary and secondary oxidation products. The qualitative and quantitative characterisation of phenolic compounds was carried out by HPLC/DAD

Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of phenolic rich fractions obtained from black cumin (Nigella sativa) seedcake.

The antioxidant activities of crude methanolic extract (CME) and its fractions using ethyl acetate (EAF), hexane (HF) and water (WF) of black cumin seedcake were investigated. DPPH radical scavenging activity, β-carotene-linoleate bleaching, and inhibition of corn oil oxidation were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. The total phenolics were found to be 78.8, 27.8, 32.1 and 12.1 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g in EAF, CME, WF and HF, respectively. The CME and EAF exhibited the highest DPPH followed by WF and HF. The extract/fractions showed high effect on reducing the oxidation of β-carotene. The effect of extract/fractions on the oxidative stability of corn oil at 70 °C was tested in the dark and compared with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The oil peroxide and anisidine values were generally lower with addition of PRFs in comparison to a control. The predominant phenolic compounds identified by HPLC-DAD in CME and WF of black cumin seedcake were hydroxybenzoic, syringic and p-cumaric acids

The Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Health Promoting Behaviour among Older Adults with Chronic Illness

Self-efficacy plays an essential role in increasing health-promoting behaviour among older adults with chronic illness. Chronic illness requires high self-efficacy to manage the disease appropriately. Hence, the purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviour among older adults with chronic illness. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire to 218 older adults. The results from this study found a relationship between self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviour exists at rho 0.28 and p-value 0.001. This study revealed that self-efficacy strongly relates to health-promoting behaviour among older adults.eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

Effect of eucation level and religion on attitude to stem cells in Malaysia

The issue of using stem cells derived from human embryos and adult tissues to treat diseases has been divisively debated mainly due to ethical concerns. The objective of this article was to assess and compare the attitude level of the Malaysian public in the Klang Valley region towards human adult stem cells (hASCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Results of the survey on 509 adult respondents revealed that the Malaysian public expressed higher support for hASCs, perceived the application as having lower moral concern and more acceptable by their religion as compared to hESCs. Univariate analysis following Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) confirmed that there were significant differences for perceived benefits and religious acceptance of hASCs across education level. Respondents who hold tertiary education level tended to perceive both hESCs and hASCs as more beneficial and believed the applications as more acceptable from their religious point of view. Their opinion of hASCs differed significantly compared to the respondents who hold pre-university education. Respondents from all religions perceived both hESCs and hASCs as having moderate benefits and risks. Significant differences were only detected for perceived moral concerns and encouragement of hESCs across religion. The Christians expressed greater moral concern of both hESCs and hASCs compared to other religions but post hoc test only detected significant difference in their opinion on hESCs from the Buddhists. The Buddhists were found to be more supportive towards both hESCs and hASCs but their support level for hESCs only differed significantly from the Muslims

Synthesis and characterisation of calcium carbonate aragonite nanocrystals from cockle shell powder (Anadara granosa)

The synthesis of pure calcium carbonate nanocrystals using a high pressure homogeniser (HPH) via a microemulsion system produced uniform nanosized particles, which were characterised using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The identified particles were aragonite polymorphs with a rod shape and were approximately 50 nm in size. The aragonite polymorph of calcium carbonate was prepared from biogenic materials, cockle shells, and exhibited unique characteristics (i.e., a higher density than that of calcite), which makes it biocompatible and potentially suitable for applications in the medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and paint industries. The methods adopted and the nonionic surfactant used in the synthesis of calcium carbonate nanocrystalline aragonite polymorphs were environmentally friendly and can be scaled up for industrial production. The sources are naturally available materials that are by-products of the seafood industry, which offers an opportunity for exploitation in numerous industrial applications

A pH-sensitive, biobased calcium carbonate aragonite nanocrystal as a novel anticancer delivery system

The synthesised biobased calcium carbonate nanocrystals had demonstrated to be an effective carrier for delivery of anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The use of these nanocrystals displayed high levels of selectivity and specificity in achieving effective cancer cell death without nonspecific toxicity. These results confirmed that DOX was intercalated into calcium carbonate nanocrystals at high loading and encapsulation efficiency (4.8 and 96%, resp.). The CaCO₃/DOX nanocrystals are relatively stable at neutral pH (7.4), resulting in slow release, but the nanocrystals progressively dissociated in acidic pH (4.8) regimes, triggering faster release of DOX. The CaCO₃/DOX nanocrystals exhibited high uptake by MDA MB231 breast cancer cells and a promising potential delivery of DOX to target cells. In vitro chemosensitivity using MTT, modified neutral red/trypan blue assay, and LDH on MDA MB231 breast cancer cells revealed that CaCO₃/DOX nanocrystals are more sensitive and gave a greater reduction in cell growth than free DOX. Our findings suggest that CaCO₃ nanocrystals hold tremendous promise in the areas of controlled drug delivery and targeted cancer therapy