Nulidade de GSTT1/GSTM1 relacionada a pesticidas associa-se com doenca de Parkinson

Genetic and environmental factors affect the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease(PD). Genetic variants of the enzyme glutathione S-transferases (GST) may be relatedto the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of genetic variants of GST(GSTT1/GSTM1) and their association with the exposure to environmental toxins in PDpatients. We studied 254 patients with PD and 169 controls. The GSTM1/GSTT1 variantwere analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. We applied the Fisher's exact test andthe χ2 test for statistical analysis (p<0.05). The present andabsence for GSTT1 and GSTM1 were similar in patients and controls. The null for GSTT1and GSTM1 (0/0) and exposure to pesticides prevailed in patients (18%) compared tocontrols (13%, p=0.014). This study suggests the association between PD and previouexposure to pesticides, whose effect may be enhanced in combination with null forGSTT1/GSTM1.Fatores genéticos e ambientais influenciam a patogênese da doença de Parkinson (DP).Variantes genéticas das enzimas glutationa S-transferases (GST) parecem estarenvolvidas com a doença. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a influência devariantes genéticas de GST (GSTT1/GSTM1) e sua associação com exposição a toxinaambientais em pacientes com DP. Foram estudados 254 pacientes com DP e 169 controles.As variantes para GSTM1/GSTT1 foram analisadas por reação em cadeia da polimerase.Para análise estatística foram aplicados os testes de Fisher e do χ2(p<0,05). Tanto a presença quanto a nulidade para GSTT1 e GSTM1 foramsemelhantes em pacientes e controles. A nulidade para GSTT1 e GSTM1 (0/0) e contatocom agrotóxicos prevaleceu nos pacientes (18%) em relação aos controles (13%,p=0,014). Este estudo sugere associação entre DP e contato prévio com agrotóxicos,cujo efeito parece potencializado em combinação com nulidade para GSTT1/GSTM1.FAMERPUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)FAMERP Department of NeuroscienceFAMERP Hospital de BaseUNIFESPSciEL

Crescimento e parâmetros reprodutivos de ratas Wistar, em restrição alimentar desde o nascimento - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i2.3623

This work had the purpose of characterizing the development of female Wistar rats subjected to food restriction since birth, investigating some quantitative and functional changes resulting from this deficiency. Food restriction was imposed through duplication of the litter size (restriction group, 12 pups) relative to the control litter (control group, six pups) during lactation, and through reduction in 50% of the food supplied from weaning to 90 days of age. The female rats of the restriction group, when compared to the controls, had smaller linear and ponderal growth, lower organ weight and poorly developed abdominal fat deposits, and delayed vaginal opening. On the other hand, their growth continued during the 90-day period. After mating, the control female rats had large litters, while none of the rats from the restriction group got pregnant. It was concluded that food restriction during and after lactation interfered negatively on the body development of the rats, delayed the onset of puberty as indicated by the vaginal opening, impaired the growth of the internal organs and the storage of fat, and prevented conception.Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o desenvolvimento de ratas Wistar, submetidas à restrição alimentar desde o nascimento, investigando algumas alterações quantitativas e funcionais resultantes desta deficiência. A restrição alimentar foi imposta por duplicação do tamanho da ninhada experimental (grupo-restrição, 12 filhotes) em relação à ninhada-controle (grupo-controle, seis filhotes) durante a lactação, e por redução de 50% no alimento ofertado desde o desmame até os 90 dias de idade. As ratas do grupo-restrição, comparadas às do grupo-controle, apresentaram crescimento ponderal e linear inferior, menor peso de órgãos e depósitos abdominais de gordura pouco desenvolvidos e retardo na idade da abertura vaginal. Por outro lado, seu crescimento prosseguiu por todo o período de 90 dias. Após o cruzamento, as ratas do grupo-controle tiveram ninhadas numerosas, enquanto nenhuma das ratas do grupo-restrição emprenhou. Concluiu-se que a restrição alimentar, durante e após a lactação, interferiu negativamente no desenvolvimento corporal das ratas, retardou o início da puberdade, indicado pela idade da abertura vaginal, comprometeu o crescimento dos órgãos internos e a deposição de gordura, e impediu a concepção

Crescimento e parâmetros reprodutivos de ratas Wistar, em restrição alimentar desde o nascimento = Growth and reproductive parameters of female Wistar rats under food restriction since birth

Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o desenvolvimento de ratas Wistar, submetidas à restrição alimentar desde o nascimento, investigando algumas alterações quantitativas e funcionais resultantes desta deficiência. A restrição alimentar foi imposta por duplicação do tamanho da ninhada experimental (grupo-restrição, 12 filhotes) em relação à ninhada-controle (grupo-controle, seis filhotes) durante a lactação, e por redução de 50% no alimento ofertado desde o desmame até os 90 dias de idade. As ratas do grupo-restrição, comparadas às do grupo-controle, apresentaram crescimento ponderal e linear inferior, menor peso de órgãos e depósitos abdominais de gordura pouco desenvolvidos e retardo na idade da abertura vaginal. Por outro lado, seu crescimento prosseguiu por todo o período de 90 dias. Após o cruzamento, as ratas do grupo-controletiveram ninhadas numerosas, enquanto nenhuma das ratas do grupo-restrição emprenhou. Concluiu-se que a restrição alimentar, durante e após a lactação, interferiu negativamente no desenvolvimento corporal das ratas, retardou o início da puberdade, indicado pela idadeda abertura vaginal, comprometeu o crescimento dos órgãos internos e a deposição de gordura, e impediu a concepção.<br><br>This work had the purpose of characterizing the development of female Wistar rats subjected to food restriction since birth, investigatingsome quantitative and functional changes resulting from this deficiency. Food restriction was imposed through duplication of the litter size (restriction group, 12 pups) relative to the control litter (control group, six pups) during lactation, and through reduction in 50% of the food supplied from weaning to 90 days of age. The female rats of the restriction group, when compared to the controls, had smaller linear and ponderal growth, lower organweight and poorly developed abdominal fat deposits, and delayed vaginal opening. On the other hand, their growth continued during the 90-day period. After mating, the control female rats had large litters, while none of the rats from the restriction group got pregnant. It was concluded that food restriction during and after lactation interfered negatively on the body development of the rats, delayed the onset of puberty as indicated by the vaginal opening, impaired the growth of the internal organs and the storage of fat, and prevented conception

<b>Molecular variants in populations of <i>Bryconamericus</i> aff. <i>iheringii</i> (Characiformes, Characidae) in the upper Paraná river basin</b> - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v35i2.11451

There are evidences that Bryconamericus aff. iheringii represents a species complex. DNA molecular markers have been effective in studies on phylogeny, taxonomy, and identification of cryptic species. In this study, partial sequences of genes of ATPase 6 and 8 were used to assess genetic diversity within and among populations of B. aff. iheringii of sub-basins of Tibagi, Pirapó and Ivaí rivers, belonging to the Upper Paraná river basin. The analysis of the sequences of genes pointed out high genetic diversity in B. aff. iheringii from the sub-basins studied with genetic distance values comparable to those found among different species. There was a division of the individuals into five groups. The comparison with other species of Bryconamericus that have sequences available in GenBank confirmed that the individuals studied have relevant values of genetic distance, found among different species. Nevertheless, with the available data it is not possible to refute the hypothesis that the populations correspond to a group resulting from hybridization or that there might have been introgression of mitochondrial DNA among different species

Vegetal test-system investigation on cytotoxicity of water from urban streams located in the northeastern region of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil = Investigação da citotoxicidade das águas de córregos urbanos localizados na região nordeste de Maringá, Estado do Paraná, Brasil, em sistema-teste vegetal

The increase in consumption of water, the destruction of riparian forests and the pollution caused by humans, have severely degraded several water resources. Numerous stream crisscross the city of Maringá, Paraná state, Brazil and most of their sources are scattered through the urban region. Current analysis assesses the cytotoxic potential of water from the Corregozinho, Isalto, Morangueira and Ozório streams, located within the high-populated northeastern region of Maringá, inside the urban perimeter. Root meristematic cells of Allium cepa were used as test-system. The roots of onion were prepared by Feulgen’s reaction and stained with Schiff's reagent. Results showed that there were no statistically significant changesevaluated by the chi-square test on the rates of cell division in cells of Allium cepa roots treated with the water of the streams when compared to data from controls. However, further analyses should be undertaken at different times for a periodic assessment of conditions in the streams, coupled with an awareness of the population on the environment.O aumento do consumo da água, a devastação das matas ciliares e a poluição causada pela espécie humana, fizeram com que muitos recursos hídricos fossem drasticamente degradados. A cidade de Maringá, Paraná, Brasil possui inúmeros córregos que a cortam, sendo que as nascentes da maioria deles estão espalhadas pela região urbana. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial citotóxico das águas dos córregos, Corregozinho, Isalto, Morangueira e Ozório,localizados na região nordeste de Maringá, no perímetro urbano, local de grande concentração da população urbana. Foram utilizadas como sistema-teste as células meristemáticas de raiz de Allium cepa. As raízes de cebola foram preparadas pela reação de Feulgen e coradas com o reativo de Schiff. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que não houve alterações, estatisticamente significativas, pelo teste do qui-quadrado, nos índices de divisão celular nas células das raízes de Allium cepa tratadas com as águas dos córregos, em relação aos dados obtidos para os controles. Entretanto, convém que outras análises, em diferentes épocas, sejam realizadas, para uma avaliação periódica das condições apresentadas por estes córregos, e aliado a estes resultados, conscientizar a população em relação aos danos provocados ao meio ambiente e a necessidade de conservação do mesmo

<b>Vegetal test-system investigation on cytotoxicity of water from urban streams located in the northeastern region of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil</b> - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v33i1.4924 <b>Vegetal test-system investigation on cytotoxicity of water from urban streams located in the northeastern region of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil</b> - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v33i1.4924

The increase in consumption of water, the destruction of riparian forests and the pollution caused by humans, have severely degraded several water resources. Numerous stream crisscross the city of Maringá, Paraná state, Brazil and most of their sources are scattered through the urban region. Current analysis assesses the cytotoxic potential of water from the Corregozinho, Isalto, Morangueira and Ozório streams, located within the high-populated northeastern region of Maringá, inside the urban perimeter. Root meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> were used as test-system. The roots of onion were prepared by Feulgen’s reaction and stained with Schiff's reagent. Results showed that there were no statistically significant changes evaluated by the chi-square test on the rates of cell division in cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> roots treated with the water of the streams when compared to data from controls. However, further analyses should be undertaken at different times for a periodic assessment of conditions in the streams, coupled with an awareness of the population on the environment.<br>The increase in consumption of water, the destruction of riparian forests and the pollution caused by humans, have severely degraded several water resources. Numerous stream crisscross the city of Maringá, Paraná state, Brazil and most of their sources are scattered through the urban region. Current analysis assesses the cytotoxic potential of water from the Corregozinho, Isalto, Morangueira and Ozório streams, located within the high-populated northeastern region of Maringá, inside the urban perimeter. Root meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> were used as test-system. The roots of onion were prepared by Feulgen’s reaction and stained with Schiff's reagent. Results showed that there were no statistically significant changes evaluated by the chi-square test on the rates of cell division in cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> roots treated with the water of the streams when compared to data from controls. However, further analyses should be undertaken at different times for a periodic assessment of conditions in the streams, coupled with an awareness of the population on the environment