The societal costs of alcohol misuse in Australia

It is well documented that alcohol-related problems compromise individual and social health, and wellbeing. The individual harms are numerous, including premature death, loss of enjoyment and loss of social utility through fear of crime and victimisation. The misuse of alcohol, particularly among those most at risk in our community, presents a major challenge for all levels of government. In this paper, a study is presented that provides a better national-level estimate of the costs of alcohol-related problems in Australia. Despite taking a conservative estimate, the aggregate of a range of societal costs substantially outweighs the tax revenue for the Commonwealth generated from the sale of alcohol. Results of this study provide evidence to policymakers regarding costs to the criminal justice system, costs to the health system, costs resulting from lost productivity and costs related to alcohol-related road accidents. Such evidence will provide an understanding of the economic tradeoffs that are present when making decisions that affect all Australians. Proposals are provided in the conclusion for a greater investment in prevention, based on the sound evaluation of prevention and diversion strategies by comparison with treatment options, in order to ensure better investments for the nation

Perceptions of Support Networks During the Graduate Assistant Athletic Trainer Experience

Context: The graduate-assistant position can be a highly influential experience because it is often the first time novice athletic trainers (ATs) are practicing autonomously. Objective: To gain an understanding of how graduate-assistant ATs (GAATs) perceive professional socialization and mentorship during their assistantships. Design: Semistructured phone interviews. Setting: Graduate-assistant ATs in various clinical settings. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-five GAATs (20 women, 5 men) studying in 1 of 3 academic tracks (postprofessional athletic training = 8, athletic training-based curriculum = 11, non-athletic training-based curriculum = 6). Median age was 24 years. Data Collection and Analysis: Phone interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis used principles of the general inductive approach. Credibility was maintained using peer review, field notes, and intercoder reliability. Results: Participants identified peer support throughout their experiences, in both academic and clinical settings. The GAATs frequently relied on other GAATs for support due to shared experiences and understanding of workloads. Participants described difficulty receiving supervisor support from fulltime staff ATs due to the supervisors\u27 workload and time constraints, limiting their availability for mentoring. Guidance from academic support personnel occurred only in athletic training-centered academic programs. Communication emerged as helpful for incoming GAATs; the previous GAATs provided formal mentorship via job descriptions highlighting role responsibilities and expectations. Differences between assistantship types were noted only in terms of receiving balanced mentorship between the academic and clinical staffs, such that students studying in postprofessional athletic training programs perceived more balanced support. Conclusions: Our results confirm the literature regarding the GAAT\u27s pursuit of continued formal mentoring. The GAATs perceived less support from full-time AT staff members due to limited availability. Therefore, GAATs leaned on their peers for support during the graduate experience

Alien Registration- Mazerolle, Celia (Limestone, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/35132/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Mazerolle, Maggie (Allagash, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/32741/thumbnail.jp

Congrès international des bibliothécaires et des bibliophiles tenu à Paris du 3 au 9 avril 1923.

« Document numérisé pour l\u27ENSSIB » - Ce document est destiné en priorité à des professionnels. Il propose les procès-verbaux du Congrès international des bibliothécaires et des bibliophiles tenu à Paris du 3 au 9 avril 1923, retraçant ainsi le déroulement intégral de cette manifestation. Cette première partie de l\u27ouvrage fournit également la liste des adhérents au congrès et les compte-rendus des séances d\u27ouverture et de clôture. La seconde partie offre les communications et mémoires lus lors de ce congrès selon les différentes sections organisées : bibliothèques et bibliothécaires, utilisation des bibliothèques et diffusion du livre, histoire et art du livre. La richesse de ce document tient dans son extrême diversité qui brosse un panorama des questions et préoccupations animant la communauté internationale des bibliothécaires. L\u27intérêt historique de ce document est indéniable car les témoignages qu\u27il nous livre s\u27inscrivent dans un contexte encore fortement marqué par la Première Guerre mondiale qui s\u27est achevée cinq ans auparavant

Alien Registration- Mazerolle, Charles J. (Limestone, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/35133/thumbnail.jp

Monograph no. 07: School based drug prevention: a systematic review of the effectiveness on illicit drug use.

This Monograph (No. 07) outlines a systematic review of school based drug education. Whilst the Griffith team started with the broad brief of prevention, it became clear that a focus on school based drug education would be most useful, particularly as a systematic review in relation to its impact on illicit drugs had not been previously conducted. The review identified 58 relevant studies, and both a qualitative (narrative) and quantitative (meta-analytic) review was undertaken. Those programs demonstrating most effectiveness were social influence and competency enhancement programs. Less promising and iatrogenic effects were found for affective education and knowledge dissemination. In contrast to previous research on school based drug education, this review found that professionals were less effective than teachers, that multifaceted programs did not demonstrate substantially greater efficacy; and involvement of peers or booster session had minimal impact. Programs with a greater number of sessions were more effective, and interactive programs were associated with greater effectiveness

Migratory connectivity in white-throated sparrows : inferences from stable hydrogen isotope analyses

Tracking migratory movements of birds between breeding and wintering areas is important for both theoretical and conservation purposes. In particular, information about linkages between stages of the annual cycle (i.e., migratory connectivity) is essential for identifying factors and processes limiting population sizes of birds. Further, this information is necessary for testing assumptions and hypotheses about the evolution of avian migratory patterns. Here, I used stable hydrogen isotope (δD) analyses of tissues representing different periods and geographic regions of the annual cycle of white-throated sparrows, Zonotrichia albicollis, to provide new information on spatial and temporal linkages between stages of the annual cycle of this species. To achieve this objective, I sampled white-throated sparrows during spring and fall migration of 2002 and 2003 at a key staging ground for North American migratory birds located at Delta Marsh, Manitoba. Based on evaluations of the correspondence between δD values of feathers, claws, and cellular portions of blood of migrants, I determined that δD values of claws and blood cells were not suitable for estimating wintering origins of individuals captured en route to breeding areas. However, δD values of head feathers grown on wintering areas and tail feathers grown on breeding areas corresponded to values expected for feathers grown in broad areas within the wintering and breeding range of the species, respectively. The δD values of feathers showed no relationship between estimated breeding or natal and wintering latitudes of white-throated sparrows. However, band-encounter analyses indicated a clear east–west segregation of populations across Canada, a finding that suggests that this species has a parallel migration system. Temporally, all components of the breeding populations migrated together during spring migration. However, as expected, white-throated sparrows exhibited sex-biased differential timing of spring arrival and latitude of wintering origin. Consistent with several other differential migrants, female white-throated sparrows arrived later and originated from more southern latitudes. There was also a negative relationship between wintering latitude and arrival dates of individuals during the second spring of the study. The existence of this relationship is a key assumption of differential migration hypotheses that had not been previously validated. Furthermore, since timing of arrival at breeding areas is critical to establishing high-quality territories and pair bonds, relationships between wintering latitude and arrival date of individuals could have important carry-over effects to reproduction. Based on standard body condition indices, white-throated sparrows migrating longer distances to reach breeding areas were not in poorer body condition than those migrating shorter distances. Thus, the cost of migrating longer distances does not appear to affect pre-breeding body condition, a parameter known to be linked with reproductive success