A method to calculate correlation functions for β=1\beta=1 random matrices of odd size

The calculation of correlation functions for $\beta=1$ random matrix ensembles, which can be carried out using Pfaffians, has the peculiar feature of requiring a separate calculation depending on the parity of the matrix size N. This same complication is present in the calculation of the correlations for the Ginibre Orthogonal Ensemble of real Gaussian matrices. In fact the methods used to compute the $\beta=1$, N odd, correlations break down in the case of N odd real Ginibre matrices, necessitating a new approach to both problems. The new approach taken in this work is to deduce the $\beta=1$, N odd correlations as limiting cases of their N even counterparts, when one of the particles is removed towards infinity. This method is shown to yield the correlations for N odd real Gaussian matrices.Comment: 20 pages, corrected typo

A mixed trigrams approach for context sensitive spell checking

Abstract. This paper addresses the problem of real-word spell checking, i.e., the detection and correction of typos that result in real words of the target language. This paper proposes a methodology based on a mixed trigrams language model. The model has been implemented, trained, and tested with data from the Penn Treebank. The approach has been evaluated in terms of hit rate, false positive rate, and coverage. The experiments show promising results with respect to the hit rates of both detection and correction, even though the false positive rate is still high.

Incremental water charging in agriculture. A case study of the Regione Emilia Romagna in Italy

This paper explores the role that incremental water charging (temporary levies on water use) can play in reducing the environmental costs that arise during drought events. The paper combines a multi-attribute Revealed Preference Model calibrated at a local level (Agricultural District) and a regionally-calibrated Computable General Equilibrium model to estimate the impacts of incremental water charging on water use, water withdrawals and market income. The methodology is applied to the particular case of Italy's Emilia Romagna Region. Results provide a basis for the assessment of tradeoffs in water conservation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved