Satisfaction, Restriction and Amalgamation of Constraints in the Framework of M-Adhesive Categories

Application conditions for rules and constraints for graphs are well-known in the theory of graph transformation and have been extended already to M-adhesive transformation systems. According to the literature we distinguish between two kinds of satisfaction for constraints, called general and initial satisfaction of constraints, where initial satisfaction is defined for constraints over an initial object of the base category. Unfortunately, the standard definition of general satisfaction is not compatible with negation in contrast to initial satisfaction. Based on the well-known restriction of objects along type morphisms, we study in this paper restriction and amalgamation of application conditions and constraints together with their solutions. In our main result, we show compatibility of initial satisfaction for positive constraints with restriction and amalgamation, while general satisfaction fails in general. Our main result is based on the compatibility of composition via pushouts with restriction, which is ensured by the horizontal van Kampen property in addition to the vertical one that is generally satisfied in M-adhesive categories.Comment: In Proceedings ACCAT 2012, arXiv:1208.430

Rapid recovery of postnivolumab vemurafenib-induced Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome after tocilizumab and infliximab administration

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab and targeted BRAF inhibitors have dramatically altered the treatment outcomes of metastatic melanoma over the past few years. Skin toxicity is the most common adverse event (AE) related to the commonly used BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib, affecting more than 90% of patients. Vemurafenib-related severe AEs with early onset are reported in patients who were previously treated with anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti PD-1) antibodies. A prolonged administration of systemic steroids is the firstline treatment of severe or life-threatening AEs. We report the case of a woman suffering from vemurafenib-related severe, rapidly worsening Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, resolved in a few hours after single-dose administration of a combination of TNF-α antagonist infliximab with interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab. Case presentation A 41-year-old woman treated with single-agent nivolumab presented with a melanoma progression. Biopsy samples were revised, revealing a BRAF V600E mutation. The patient was started on vemurafenib and cobimetinib treatment only 10 days after the last administration of nivolumab. On the third day of anti-BRAF therapy, profound lymphopenia was detected, and maculopapular eruption appeared afterward. Subsequently, the clinical conditions deteriorated further, and the woman was admitted on an emergency basis with high fever, respiratory and cardiocirculatory failure, diffuse rash, generalized edema, and lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis of DRESS syndrome with overexpressed capillary leakage was made. A single dose of tocilizumab was administered with an improvement of cardiocirculatory and renal function in a few hours. Because of worsening of liver function, skin lesions and mucositis, a single dose of infliximab was prescribed, and dramatic improvement was noted over the next 24 hours. Dabrafenib and trametinib were initiated, and coinciding with washout of infliximab from the patient’s blood, the drug toxicity recurred. Conclusion Anti-IL-6 and anti-TNF-α target treatment of very severe AEs may afford an immediate resolution of potentially life-threatening symptoms and reduce the duration and the costs of hospitalization. Maintenance of therapeutic infliximab blood concentrations permits an early switch to dabrafenib after vemurafenib-related AEs

Applications for people with health disabilities

There are such diseases that people had to live with all their lives. Such simple actions as talking on the phone, going downstairs or even determining the expiration date of milk can become difficult for people with disabilities. We present a selection of mobile applications that make life of people with disabilities easie

Habitatmapping ondiep water Zeeschelde: deelrapport 2 - Numeriek 2D model

Shallow subtidal areas and intertidal zones are very important for the ecology of the estuary. These areas are characterized by low dynamics, which results in a silty and nutrient-rich environment. They form habitats for large bird polpulations and benthic species. The objective of the project “00_028 Habitatmapping ondiep water Zeeschelde” is to study the relations between the physical, sedimentological and ecological characteristics in the Sea Scheldt and to classify the shallow subtidal areas according to their ecological value (in collaboration with INBO). This report describes the calibration and validation of a numerical model. The model accuracy is analyzed based on comparison of the model results and measured water levels, discharges, stationary velocities and sailed ADCP measurements. The calibrated model will be used to analyse the hydrodynamic characteristics of the study areas

SEQUENCES OF PLANT TRANSFORMATION: THE RESULT OF THE INSERTED FOREIGN GENE EXPRESSION OR THE STRESS REACTION?

The gene technology using in plant investigations came to the better understanding of plant physiological processes. At the same time unclear knowledge about transgenic plant physiology may occur a source of incorrect interpretation of obtained results and, consequently, wrong conclusions. In addition, the causes and mechanisms of pleiotropic effects associated with transgenic insertion and gene silencing are remaining unexplained. To solve the problem of transgenic plant physiology it is necessary to pay a close attention to physiological and biochemical peculiarities of plant-agrobacterium symbiosis, because it is a base of plant transformation. It was assumed earlier that agrobacterial transformation is a complex biotic stressing factor and transgenic plant is a long-term stressed organism. We suppose that physiological consequences of plant transformation are determined not only by foreign gene insertion, but largely by stress reaction of plant cells on agrobacterium transformation. Foreign DNA insertion to the plant recipient results in cascade of response reactions remarkably changing metabolism. The degree of such response is supposed to be in dependence on phylogenetic relations of gene donor and recipient. Cell cultures were obtained from tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv. ’Samsung’) transformed by following Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains: disarmed 669 one and LBA4400 one with hsp 101 in sense or antisense orientation. These cell cultures were used for investigations of the stress-reactions on biotic (bacterial infection agent Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Sepedonicus) and abiotic (high temperature, potassium fluoride) factors. It was revealed that “sense” culture was superior to normal and “699” ones in tolerance to pointed stressing factors. Similar results were obtained for “antisense” culture, nevertheless it was a priori not expected to be tolerant. So, to assess the transformation consequence is necessary to take into account that observed effects may not result from action of the invected gene only. Conclusions: 1. To consider the transgenesis to be completed solely if expression of transferred gene is present – is methodologically incorrect way. The transferred genes could be silenced because of the response defense reaction likely as under a “pathogen attack”. So the absence of transferred gene expression doesn’t mean the absence of transformation as fact. Moreover the deletion of inserted construction could take place but physiological trace of the insertion nevertheless can be noticeable.2. The assessment of physiological consequences of transgenesis when using the plants transformed by disarmed constructions and the plants transformed by constructions including foreign geterological genes should be carried out carefully because of these systems are different. The process of transformation by disarmed constructions is very similar with natural agrobacterial infection where plants and bacteria have been coadapted during evolution, so the transformation by insertion of foreign genes leads to forming much more unstable systems