17 research outputs found
The Future of the Correlated Electron Problem
The understanding of material systems with strong electron-electron
interactions is the central problem in modern condensed matter physics. Despite
this, the essential physics of many of these materials is still not understood
and we have no overall perspective on their properties. Moreover, we have very
little ability to make predictions in this class of systems. In this manuscript
we share our personal views of what the major open problems are in correlated
electron systems and we discuss some possible routes to make progress in this
rich and fascinating field. This manuscript is the result of the vigorous
discussions and deliberations that took place at Johns Hopkins University
during a three-day workshop January 27, 28, and 29, 2020 that brought together
six senior scientists and 46 more junior scientists. Our hope, is that the
topics we have presented will provide inspiration for others working in this
field and motivation for the idea that significant progress can be made on very
hard problems if we focus our collective energies.Comment: 55 pages, 19 figure
Islands of Silicon Nanoparticles
This image is a result of electrospray deposition of ultra-small luminescent 3 nm silicon nanoparticles from alcohol solution. The nanoparticles are deposited onto a silicon wafer and imaged with atomic force microscope. The pedestals of the "islands" are single-nanoparticle (3 nm) layers while the "peaks" contain several nanoparticles on top of each other. Vertical scale is elongated compared to lateral dimensions.The average diameter of an island is 200 microns. In our research we study different aspects of physics and applications of Si nanoparticles: from biomedicine to high energy. The electrospray is used for thin film deposition and for fabrication and studying single layer formations of nanoparticles. Si nanoparticles are applied in electronic devices, solar cells, UV detectors, displays, luminescent microcontainers for imaging and tracking and are proposed to be used in cancer treatment
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Quench dynamics in SRF cavities: can we locate the quench origin with 2nd sound?
A newly developed method of locating quenches in SRF cavities by detecting second-sound waves has been gaining popularity in SRF laboratories. The technique is based on measurements of time delays between the quench as determined by the RF system and arrival of the second-sound wave to the multiple detectors placed around the cavity in superfluid helium. Unlike multi-channel temperature mapping, this approach requires only a few sensors and simple readout electronics; it can be used with SRF cavities of almost arbitrary shape. One of its drawbacks is that being an indirect method it requires one to solve an inverse problem to find the location of a quench. We tried to solve this inverse problem by using a parametric forward model. By analyzing the data we found that the approximation where the second-sound emitter is a near-singular source does not describe the physical system well enough. A time-dependent analysis of the quench process can help us to put forward a more adequate model. We present here our current algorithm to solve the inverse problem and discuss the experimental results
Soluble silicon nanoparticles–polyaniline capsules for biosensing and imaging
We used miniemulsion to synthesize novel water-soluble dispersion of nanocapsules with a polyaniline (PANI) shell and luminescent ultrasmall Si nanoparticle core with diameters of 50–300 nm. The capsules are functionalized with aromatic sulfonic acid. The capsules may be reconstituted in thin films or structured surfaces. The stability of the luminescence and dispersion of the capsules is studied under a wide range of pH conditions. The multiplicity of nanoparticles in the core provides highly amplified and reproducible signal for luminescence-based imaging using standard fluorescence microscopy, while the PANI shell allows a variety of routes for functionalization as well as electrical interrogation, which enables a wide range of biosensing/imaging applications
Highly luminescent PANI-Si nanoparticle capsules using miniemulsion
We used miniemulsion to synthesize novel water-soluble dispersion of nanocapsules with a polyaniline (PANI) shell and luminescent ultrasmall Si nanoparticle core with diameters of 50–300 nm. The capsules are functionalized with aromatic sulfonic acid. The capsules may be reconstituted in thin films or structured surfaces. The stability of the luminescence and dispersion of the capsules is studied under a wide range of pH conditions. The multiplicity of nanoparticles in the core provides highly amplified and reproducible signal for luminescence-based imaging using standard fluorescence microscopy, while the PANI shell allows a variety of routes for functionalization as well as electrical interrogation, which enables a wide range of biosensing/imaging applications
Highly luminescent PANI-Si nanoparticle capsules using miniemulsion
We used miniemulsion to synthesize novel water-soluble dispersion of nanocapsules with a polyaniline (PANI) shell and luminescent ultrasmall Si nanoparticle core with diameters of 50–300 nm. The capsules are functionalized with aromatic sulfonic acid. The capsules may be reconstituted in thin films or structured surfaces. The stability of the luminescence and dispersion of the capsules is studied under a wide range of pH conditions. The multiplicity of nanoparticles in the core provides highly amplified and reproducible signal for luminescence-based imaging using standard fluorescence microscopy, while the PANI shell allows a variety of routes for functionalization as well as electrical interrogation, which enables a wide range of biosensing/imaging applications