Impacto dos Modos de Estimulação DDD e VVIR na Capacidade Funcional e Qualidade de Vida de Pacientes Chagásicos

Introdução: A estimulação atrioventricular propicia benefícios hemodinâmicos em relação à ventricular isolada, mas essa vantagem não está completamente estabelecida em pacientes chagásicos com disfunção sistólica. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência dos modos de estimulação DDD e VVIR na capacidade funcional, qualidade de vida (QV) e alterações laboratoriais de peptídeo natriurético em pacientes chagásicos com disfunção ventricular submetidos a implante de marcapasso. Métodos: Estudaram-se prospectivamente 20 pacientes (55% do sexo masculino) com média de idade de 62,7 (± 9,9 anos) e média da fração de ejeção de 41,8% (± 2,8). Alternadamente, os pacientes receberam a estimulação nos modos DDD e VVIR por um período de três meses sob cada programação. O mínimo percentual de estimulação ventricular admitido foi de 80%. Após cada período, o paciente foi submetido ao teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M), avaliação de QV pelo Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) e pelo Assesment of QUAlity of life and RELated events (AQUAREL). A avaliação laboratorial foi realizada com a dosagem da fração N-terminal do peptídeo natriurético cerebral (N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide – NT-proBNP). Resultados: A média da distância percorrida no TC6M nos modos DDD e VVIR foram respectivamente 390,60 (± 52,71) e 396,30 (± 52,71) metros (p = 0,160). Verificaram-se resultados de QV inferiores, considerando o domínio físico do MLHFQ (p = 0,03) e os domínios dispneia de esforço (p = 0,05) e arritmia (p < 0,001) do AQUAREL, com o modo VVIR. Os níveis de NT-proBNP aumentaram significativamente com a estimulação no modo VVIR (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Após três meses de estimulação com o modo VVIR, houve piora da QV dos pacientes chagásicos e aumento dos níveis de NT-proBNP (registro de ensaio clínico: ReBEc RBR-53x476)

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Comparison of the Framingham, PROCAM, and DAD Equations in HIV-Infected Persons

This study aims to estimate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to assess the agreement between the Framingham, Framingham with aggravating factors, PROCAM, and DAD equations in HIV-infected patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an outpatient centre in Brazil. 294 patients older than 19 years were enrolled. Estimates of 10-year cardiovascular risk were calculated. The agreement between the CVD risk equations was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient. The participants' mean age was 36.8 years (SD = 10.3), 76.9% were men, and 66.3% were on antiretroviral therapy. 47.8% of the participants had abdominal obesity, 23.1% were current smokers, 20.0% had hypertension, and 2.0% had diabetes. At least one lipid abnormality was detected in 72.8%, and a low HDL-C level was the most common. The majority were classified as having low risk for CV events. The percentage of patients at high risk ranged from 0.4 to 5.7. The PROCAM score placed the lowest proportion of the patients into a high-risk group, and the Framingham equation with aggravating factors placed the highest proportion of patients into the high-risk group. Data concerning the comparability of different tools are informative for estimating the risk of CVD, but accuracy of the outcome predictions should also be considered

Comparison between potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV/AIDS in areas of Brazil

Introduction: Coronary heart disease and its risk factors depend on genetic characteristics, behaviors, and habits, all of which vary in different regions. The use of antiretroviral therapy (ARV) has increased the survival of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), who begin to present mortality indicators similar to the general population. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of factors potentially associated with coronary heart disease in three cohorts of PLWHA from three different regions of Brazil. Methodology: The study population was composed of participants of the cohorts of Pernambuco, Goiás, and Rio Grande do Sul states. In these sites, adult patients attending reference centers for treatment of HIV/AIDS were consecutively enrolled. Results: Pernambuco and Goiás had a higher proportion of males and of individuals with high-risk high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Pernambuco also had a greater proportion of individuals with hypertension, elevated triglycerides, and CD4 counts below 200 cells/mm3. Lower education was more frequent in Rio Grande do Sul, and the use of cocaine was higher in this state. Conclusions: The results confirm the importance of risk factors for coronary heart disease in PLHIV and highlight differences in the three cohorts. Specific measures against smoking and sedentary lifestyle, avoidance of advanced stages of immunosuppression, and appropriate treatment of dyslipidemia and dysglicemia are urgently needed to cope with the disease in Brazil

Dyslipidemias in patients with HIV/aids using antiretroviral therapy

Submitted by Franciele Moreira ([email protected]) on 2017-09-21T19:59:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Max Weyler Nery - 2007.pdf: 1699711 bytes, checksum: d80084feaadd8efb9292ed3849018d55 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-09-22T11:41:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Max Weyler Nery - 2007.pdf: 1699711 bytes, checksum: d80084feaadd8efb9292ed3849018d55 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-22T11:41:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Max Weyler Nery - 2007.pdf: 1699711 bytes, checksum: d80084feaadd8efb9292ed3849018d55 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-30Background: in a decade of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), morbidity and mortaliy of aids remarkable decreased, however prolonged treatment has been associated with adverse effects, mainly metabolic abnormalities. Objective: to determine the prevalence and risk factors for dyslipidemia among patients on HAART, in Goiânia-Goiás-Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in adults on HAART, during 2005 and 2006. Patients were interviewed; their medical and laboratory records abstracted and blood obtained for lipid measurements. Dyslipidemia was defined as CT 240 mg/dL, LDL 160 mg/dL, TG > 200 and/or HDL 350 cel/mL. Half (50.4%) of them were on nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NTRIs) plus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNTRIs); 42.5% were on NTRI plus protease inhibitors (PIs). Prevalence of dyslipidemia was 66.7%, being HDL 200 mg/dL (36.1%). Patients on PIs based regimen showed a 5.2 higher risk (CI95% 1.8-14.8) of dyslipidemia after adjusting by gender, age and HIV/aids disease onset. Conclusion: disclosed a high prevalence of dyslipemia and point out for interventions programs to reduce future cardiovascular events.Introdução: em dez anos de terapia antirretroviral potente (HAART) houve uma importante redução da morbi-mortalidade da aids, entretanto, o uso prolongado dessas drogas tem sido associado com efeitos adversos frequentes, sobretudo, alterações metabólicas. Objetivo: determinar a prevalência e avaliar fatores de risco para dislipidemias em pacientes em uso de HAART, em Goiânia-Goiás-Brasil. Método: estudo de prevalência conduzido em adultos utilizando HAART, entre 2005 e 2006. Realizada entrevista, revisão de prontuários e coleta de sangue para avaliação do perfil lipídico. Considerou-se dislipidemias quando CT 240 mg/dL, LDL 160 mg/dL, TG > 200 mg/dL e/ou HDL 350 cel/mL. Metade (50,4%) usava inibidores da transcriptase reversa análogo nucleosídeo (ITRNs) com inibidores da transcriptase reversa análogo não nucleosídeo (ITRNNs) e 42,5% usavam ITRNs com inibidores de protease (IPs). A prevalência de dislipidemia foi de 66,7%, sendo a alteração mais frequente HDL 200 mg/dL (36,1%). Pacientes em uso de esquemas contendo IPs apresentaram risco 5,2 vezes maior (IC95% 1,8-14,8) de dislipidemia, após ajuste por sexo, idade e tempo de HIV/aids. Conclusão: foi evidenciada elevada frequência de dislipidemia, sinalizando para a necessidade de intervenções com a finalidade de reduzir eventos cardiovasculares futuros

Lipoma of the right atrium

The patient is a 54-year-old asymptomatic male with a tumor in the right atrium that was diagnosed on transesophageal echocardiography and confirmed as a lipoma of the right atrium on computerized tomography. The patient underwent surgical repair with extracorporeal circulation. The tumor was resected, and its base of implantation in the atrium was repaired with a flap of bovine pericardium. The diagnosis of lipoma was confirmed on histopathological examination. Locating of the tumor with the aid of transesophageal echocardiography was very useful in the strategy of cannulation of the venae cava for installation of the circuit of extracorporeal circulation. The patient had a good postoperative evolution