16 research outputs found
The spine in Paget’s disease
Paget’s disease (PD) is a chronic metabolically active bone disease, characterized by a disturbance in bone modelling and remodelling due to an increase in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity. The vertebra is the second most commonly affected site. This article reviews the various spinal pathomechanisms and osseous dynamics involved in producing the varied imaging appearances and their clinical relevance. Advanced imaging of osseous, articular and bone marrow manifestations of PD in all the vertebral components are presented. Pagetic changes often result in clinical symptoms including back pain, spinal stenosis and neural dysfunction. Various pathological complications due to PD involvement result in these clinical symptoms. Recognition of the imaging manifestations of spinal PD and the potential complications that cause the clinical symptoms enables accurate assessment of patients prior to appropriate management
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Lattice determination of I=0 and 2 ππ scattering phase shifts with a physical pion mass
Phase shifts for s-wave ππ scattering in both the I=0 and I=2 channels are determined from a lattice QCD calculation performed on 741 gauge configurations obeying G-parity boundary conditions with a physical pion mass and lattice size of 323×64. These results support our recent 2021 study of direct CP violation in K→ππ decay, improving our earlier 2015 calculation. The phase shifts are determined for both stationary and moving ππ systems, at three (I=0) and four (I=2) different total momenta. We implement several ππ interpolating operators including a scalar bilinear "σ"operator and paired single-pion bilinear operators with the constituent pions carrying various relative momenta. Several techniques, including correlated fitting and a bootstrap determination of p-values have been used to refine the results and a comparison with the generalized eigenvalue problem method is given. A detailed systematic error analysis is performed which allows phase shift results to be presented at a fixed energy