Economic feasibility of summer squash cultivation using low tunnel and black plastic mulch under tarai condition of Uttarakhand

A study was undertaken to investigate the economic feasibility of summer squash cultivation in tarai region of Uttarakhand during winter - spring season of 2013-14 and 2014-15. Among three transplanting dates, summer squash transplanted on 15th January was found to be best with respect to plant growth characters, total yield (373.50 q ha-1), net return (`2,46,542 ha-1) and benefit – cost ratio (2.72). Similarly, out of three low cost protected techniques evaluated along with control, low tunnel with black plastic mulch was observed as best with respect to plant growth characters, total yield (451.67 q ha-1). Whereas, the maximum net return (`2,87,628 ha-1) and benefit - cost ratio (3.58) was obtained in black plastic mulched plots. Out of 12 treatment combinations, summer squash planted on 15th January under black polyethylene mulch is most profitable in terms of getting maximum benefit - cost ratio of 4.41. Hence, the same is recommended for commercial cultivation of summer squash at farmer’s field under tarai condition of Uttarakhand

Magnetic anisotropy, unusual hysteresis and putative "up-up-down" magnetic structure in EuTAl4Si2 (T = Rh and Ir)

International audienceWe present detailed investigations on single crystals of quaternary EuRhAl4Si2 and EuIrAl4Si2. The two compounds order antiferromagnetically at TN1 = 11.7 and 14.7 K, respectively, each undergoing two magnetic transitions. The magnetic properties in the ordered state present a large anisotropy despite Eu2+being an S-state ion for which the single-ion anisotropy is expected to be weak. Two features in the magnetization measured along the c-axis are prominent. At 1.8 K, a ferromagnetic-like jump occurs at very low field to a value one third of the saturation magnetization (1/3 M0) followed by a wide plateau up to 2 T for Rh and 4 T for Ir-compound. At this field value, a sharp hysteretic spin-flop transition occurs to a fully saturated state (M0). Surprisingly, the magnetization does not return to origin when the field is reduced to zero in the return cycle, as expected in an antiferromagnet. Instead, a remnant magnetization 1/3 M0 is observed and the magnetic loop around the origin shows hysteresis. This suggests that the zero field magnetic structure has a ferromagnetic component, and we present a model with up to third neighbor exchange and dipolar interaction which reproduces the magnetization curves and hints to an “up-up-down” magnetic structure in zero field

Analytic Well Behaved Charged Relativistic Super-dense Star Models

AbstractIn the present article, we have obtained a new class of well behaved charged super-dense star models after prescribing a particular form of the metric potential and electric intensity. The metric describing the super-dense stars model joins smoothly with the Reissner-Nordstrom metric at the pressure free boundary. The interior of the stars possess there energy density, pressure, pressure-density ratio and velocity of sound to be monotonically decreasing towards the pressure free interfac

An efficient harmonic detection approach for shunt active filter based on wavelet transform

This paper described with the harmonics detection and compensation in power system. The two accepted and impressive methods in noise and harmonic detection field are implemented in this present work. These methods are based on windowing and wavelet transforms technique. These techniques are used in the proposed method namely synchronous reference-frame algorithm. A windowing-wavelet based technique is used like a low pass filter. Now expressions of their enactment on transient response truncated overshot and fluctuation at frequency domain, the db-3 wavelet is selected for this purpose. In harmonic detection process, the identified harmonic is inserted with the help of shunt active filter based on predictive current control technique. Due to the fast transient response, this method is acceptable over the traditional Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) based filter. The accessible approach has been substantiated with MATLAB/Simulink environment. Keywords: Shunt active filter, Wavelet transform, FFT, Harmonic detectio

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION REGIMES, MULCHING AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON MOISTURE EXTRACTION PATTERN AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SUMMER GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of irrigation, mulching and nutrient management on moisture extraction pattern and productivity of summer groundnut during summer, 2015 and 2016 at the Department of Agronomy, I.Ag.Sc., BHU, Varanasi. The treatments consisted of three irrigation regimes (I1- 60 mm CPE, I2- 80 mm CPE and I3- 100 mm CPE) and two mulching (M1- paddy straw mulch and M2- dust mulch) in the main plots and four INM treatments (F1- 100% NPK, F2- 75% NPK + 25% N through FYM+ 20 kg S through gypsum, F3- 75% NPK+ 25% N through vermicompost+ 40 kg S through gypsum and F4- 75% NPK+ 25% N through FYM+ 60 kg S through gypsum) in sub plots. Experimental plots were arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The results of experiment indicated that the application of irrigation at 60mm CPE, paddy straw mulching and an application of 75%NPK +25N through FYM +60 kg sulphur through gypsum separately was extracted highest amount of soil moisture from the 0-60 cm soil layers and these treatments also recorded significantly highest pod and haulm yield during both the years

Study of charged compact stars with class 1 metric under general relativity

In the present paper we study compact stars under the background of Einstein-Maxwell spacetime, where the 4-dimensional spherically symmetric spacetime of class 1 along with the Karmarkar condition has been adopted. The investigations, via the set of exact solutions, show several important results such as (i) the value of density on the surface is finite, (ii) due to presence of the electric field, the outer surface or the crust region can be considered to be made of electron cloud, (iii) the charge increases rapidly after crossing certain cut off region (r/R â 0.3), and (iv) the avalanche of charge have a possible interaction between the particles that are away from the center. As the stellar structure supports all the physical tests performed on it, therefore the overall observation is that the model provides a physically viable and stable compact star.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Nutrient Concentration and Their Uptake and Available Nutrients in Soil Influenced by Irrigation, Mulching and Integrated Nutrient Management in Summer Groundnut

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of irrigation, mulching and integrated nutrient management on nutrient concentration and their uptake and available nutrients in summer groundnut during 2015 and 2016 at the Department of Agronomy, I.Ag.Sc, BHU, Varanasi. Results showed that application of irrigation at 100 mm CPE recorded highest N, K and S content, available nutrients in soil, kernel and haulm yield. However, irrigation at 60 mm CPE recorded significantly the highest P content, NPKS uptake, available nutrients in soil, kernel and haulm yield over 80 and 100mm CPE. Dust mulch recorded higher nutrient content and available nutrients in soil whereas, paddy straw mulch recorded maximum NPKS uptake, kernel and haulm yield. Among INM treatments, an application of 75%NPK +25N through FYM +60 kg sulphur through gypsum recorded significantly highest NPKS content and their uptake, available nutrients in soil, kernel and haulm yield as compared to other INM treatments